Reported speech

Reported speech (L?I NểI GI�N TI?P)
There are 4 types of reported speech:
+ Reported speech.
+ Reported commands
+ Reported questions
+ Reported exclamations
Reported speech.
N?u d?ng t? tu?ng thu?t ? thỡ hi?n t?i don thỡ khi chuy?n t? cõu tr?c ti?p sang cõu giỏn ti?p ta gi? nguyờn thỡ c?a d?ng t? v� ta ch? d?i ch? ng?, tõn ng?. n?u c?n. ( Cỏc d?ng t? tu?ng thu?t ta thu?ng g?p: say = núi, tell = b?o, k?, order = command = request = ra l?nh, yờu c?u, ask = h?i..)
Ex: - The doctor says to me" you should give up smoking"
- The doctor says to me that I should give up smoking.
b. Nếu động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ đơn thì khi đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp ta phải lùi một thì, đổi chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian, trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn nếu cần.
Ex: - She said “ I’m tired now”
- She said that she was tired then.
- He said to his wife “ We will buy a new house next month”.
- He said to his wife that they would buy a new house the next month.
- My father said to me “ You are my gold and I hope you’ll be a famous pianist”
- My father told me I was his gold and he hoped I would be a famous pianist.
Bảng biến đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp:
Bảng biến đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp:
Bảng biến đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp:
2. Reported commands
Khi câu mệnh lệnh được chuyển sang câu gián tiếp thường được mở đầu như “ order = command = request = ra lệnh, yêu cầu, ask = hỏi….)
[ V +……..] =>
[ S + order = command = request + to + V…]
Ex: - He said “Hurry up, Lan”
- He ordered/ told Lan to hurry up.
[ Don’t + V………….] =>
[ S + order = command = request + not + to + V…]
Ex: - The teacher said “Don’t talk in class!”
- The teacher ordered (the students) not to talk in class.
3. Reported questions
Yes/ No – questions
Khi câu hỏi dạng “Yes/ No – questions” được
chuyển sang câu gián tiếp thường được mở đầu
như: “ask, inquire, wonder…” hoặc want to know
và theo sau có “if” hoặc “whether”
Ex1: He asked me “ Have you seen this film?”
He wondered if I had seen that film.
He wanted to know if I had seen that film.
Ex2: - “Will you see her next Saturday?” said he.
- He asked me if I would see her the next Saturday.
b. Wh- questions:
Khi câu hỏi dạng “Wh – questions” được
chuyển sang câu gián tiếp thường được mở đầu
như: “ask, inquire, wonder…” hoặc want to know và chuyển câu về dạng khẳng định.
Ex:
-He asked me “ What time does the match begin?”
He asked me what time the match began.
He wanted to know what time the match began.
4. Reported exclamations:
[ S + said “ What + (a/ an) + adj + N!”]
[ S + exclaimed what + (a/ an) + adj + N.]
Ex: He said “What a nice girl!”
- He exclaimed what a nice girl.
[S + said “How + adj + the + n + be!”]
[S + exclaimed how + adj + the + n + be”]
He said “How awful the day is!”
- He exclaimed how awful the day was.
Notes: Special cases: Trường hợp đặc biệt
Khi đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp ta không đổi thì trong mệnh đề phụ ở các trường hợp sau dù mệnh đề chính ở thì “simple past”.
Động từ trong câu nói trực tiếp có thời gian xác định.
- He said “ I was born in 1999”
- He said that he was born in 1999.
2. Câu điều kiện loại 2 và 3
- Hoa said “ If I were you, I wouldn’t come here.”
-Hoa said if she were me, she wouldn’t come there
3. Quá khứ giả định: …wish-clause, as if……
- Maria said “ I wish I were a boy”
Maria said that she wished she were a boy.
4. Must/ might/ could/ should/ ought to/ used to/ would
rather/ had better…ta giữ nguyên. Ta vẫn có thể dùng
“simple present” thay vì “simple past” khi diễn tả một thói
quen hay một chân lý.
Ex: - He said “ I work late every morning”
- He said that he works late every morning.
Ex2:- My teacher said “ The earth moves around the sun”.
- My teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.
Bài tập ứng dụng: Em hãy chuyển những câu sau sang lối nói gián tiếp:
1. He said to her, “ You are my friend.)
2. Johnny said to his mother, “ I don’t know how to do this exercise.”
3. “Don’t come back before 1 o’clock” advised my brother.
4. “Cook it in butter”, Mrs. Brown said to her daughter.
5.The pupils said’ “Teacher, give us better mark please”
6. “ What a dirty face you have”, Ann said to her son.
7. “Don’t you know how to behave?, There must be no talking in lessons” the teacher told his students.
8. “I wonder who is coming on the excursion tomorrow. I do hope it won’t rain.” said she.
9. “Do as you are told. You are a naughty boy.” Mr. John said to Hung.
10. “ It’s a very nice evening. Why don’t we go out for a walk?” Jim suggested.
11. He says to me, “I’ll help you with your homework”
12. Hanh said to his son “You are my pride”.
13. They said to us “ We won the first price last year”
14. Thanh said “ We are having dinner.”
15. Peter said to them “ I can speak English.”
16. Ann says to us “ I was reading when you phoned me yesterday.”
17. Ha said “ I’m coming into your room now.”
18. Mary said “ Thanh is the tallest in our class.”
19. Binh said to Nga “ I’ll marry you next month.”
20. Tom said “ I’m going to meet Uncle Ton next week.”
1.Mr. Vinh said “Don’t ride the bike in the school”
2. Ha said “Wait for us please.”
3. Hoa said “ Take me to my home, Trung”
4. Ngoc said “ Don’t eat snack in school.”
5. The teacher said “ Do all your homework in workbook.”
6. Mrs. Huong said “ Don’t eat too much meat.”
7. Hanh said “ Shut up and do your exercise.”
8. Ha said “ Listen to me please.”
9. Nghia said “ Don’t pull my leg, Binh.”
10. Peter said “Write to me soon, Mary.”
11. Hue asked “ Do you like fish, Nga?”
12. Anne asked me “Are you a doctor?”
13. John asks his wife “ Are you watching TV now?”
14. Alex asked my wife “ Did you go out last night?”
15. Bell said “ Can you tell me the way to the station, Watson?”
16. He asked me “ Where do you live?”
17. Lan asked Binh “ How old are you?”
18. Peter asked Mary “ How long have you lived here?”
19. Hoa asked Mr. Brown “ What time do you get up?
20. Trang asks me “ Why do you leave me?”
21. Song asked Khai “ How many people are there in your family?”
22. Obama asked Tam “ What did you do last night?”
23. Oliver asked Alan “ Where are you going?”
24. Nina said to John “ How far is it from your house to school?”
25. Ann asked Tom “ What is your name?”
26. Bay asked Thao “ Which grade are you in?”
27. Nam asked Minh “ Why did you cry?”
28. Mr. Thang asked us “ Do you understand the lesson?”
29. Mrs. Mencken asked “ Which season do you like?”
30. Tam asked me “ How do I do this sentence?”
31. “Switch off the TV,” he said to her.
 He told her to switch off the T.V
32. “Shut the door, Tom,” she said.
 She Tom to shut down the door.
33. “Lend me your pen for a moment,” I said to Mary.
 I asked M to lend me her pen.
34. “Don’t watch late-night horror movies,” I warned them.
 I warned them not to watch late-night horror film.
35. “Don’t believe everything you hear,” he warned me.
He warned me not to believe everything I heard.
36. “Don’t make too much noise, children,” he said.
 He told the children not to make too much noise
37. “Please fill up this form,” the secretary said.
 The secretary asked me to fill up that form.
38. “Don’t hurry,” I said.
 I told them not to hurry.
39. “Don’t touch that switch, Mary,” I said.
 I warned M not to touch the switch.
40. “Open the safe!” the raiders ordered the bank clerk.
 The raiders ordered the bank clerk to open
41. “Please do as I say,” he begged me.
 he begged me to do as he said
42. “Help your mother, Peter,” Mr. Pitt said.
 Mr. P told Peter to help his mother.
43. “Do whatever you like,” she said to us.
 She told us to do whatever we liked
44. “Don’t miss your train,” she warned them.
 She warned them not to miss their train
45. “Read it before you sign it,” he said to his client.
 He advised his client to read it before he signed it
46. “Do sing it again,” he said.
 He begged her to sing it again.
47. “Don’t put your hands near the bars,” the zoo keeper warned us.
 The zoo keeper warned us not to put our hands .. .
48.“Buy a new car,” I advised him.
 I advised him to buy a new car
49. “Don’t drive too fast,” she begged him.
 she begged him not to drive too fast.
50. “Don’t lean your bicycles against my windows, boys,” said the shopkeeper.
The shopkeeper told the boys not to lean their bicycle against his windows.
51. “Come to the cinema with me,” he asked her.
 He asked her to come to the cinema with him.
52. “Cook it in butter,” I advised her.
 I advised her to cook it in butter.
53. “Don’t touch the gates, madam,” said the lift operator.
 The lift operator warned the lady not to touch the gate
54. “Don’t argue with me,” the teacher said to the boy.
 The teacher told the boy not to argue with him.
55. “Pull as hard as you can,” he said to him.
 He told him to pull as hard as he could.
56. “Send for the Fire Brigade,” the manager said to the porter.
 The manager ordered the porter to send for . . .
57. “Don’t lend her anything,” he advised us.
 He advised us not to lend her
58. “Make a list of what you want,” she told us.
 She told us to make a list of what we wanted
59. “Look at the paper,” he said to her.
 He told her to look at the paper
60. “Stand clear of the doors,” a voice warned the people on the platform.
 A voice warned the people on the platform to stand clear of the doors
61. “See if you can find any mushrooms, children,” she said.
 She asked the children to see if they could find any …
62. “Don’t go alone,” I warned her.
 I warned her not to go alone
63. “Pay at the cash desk,” the shop assistant said to the customer.
 The shop assistant asked the customer to pay at the …
64. The notice said, “Leave this space clear.”
 The notice told us to leave the space clear.
65. “Remember to write to your mother,” I said to them.
 I reminded them to write to their mother.
66. “Think well before you answer,” the detective warned her.
 The detective warned her to think well before she answered.
67. “Do you like roses, Peter?” I said.
68. “Are you watching a film on TV at this very moment?” said the mother to him.
69. I asked my girlfriend, “Will you arrive at the airport next weekend?”
70. “Must I leave the party now?” said the guard.
71. My teacher said to me, “Do you want good marks or bad marks?”
72. “Did you see me at the ball last night?” the man asked his friends.
73. The shop assistant said to him, “Did you buy the blue raincoat or red one?”
74. “Were you talking to your boyfriend at this time last night?” I said to my sister.
75. I asked him, “Are you English?
76. “Have you ever eaten this kind of food?” said that man to his wife.
77. Her son asked, “Do you take a train or a bus to work, mun?”
78. “Can you give me a lift to downtown, Adam?” she asked.
79. She asked her son, “Did you phone me last week?”
80. “Are you having a birthday party with your friends in the garden at present, Tom?” said his friend.
81. The newcomer said, “Have you seen the new form teacher, Anna?”
82. What are you cooking in the kitchen, darling?” said the husband to his wife.
83. I said to my friends, “What happened to you last week?”
84. She said to me, “How do you go to school?”
85. The man asked them, “How long have you been married?”
86. “What did they plant in the school garden last month, Mr. Brown?” said the principal.
87. “When will you phone me?” said the girl to her boy friend.
88. The man asked me, “Which one do you prefer the red car or the grey one?”



89. Dick said to me, “What are you talking about?”
90. Nancy asked, “Have you seen my grammar book?”
Nancy wanted to know
91. Jennifer said to Peter, “What do you want?”
93. I wondered “Is what I’ve seen true?”
94. “Who is talking to you on the phone?” the boss asked him.
95. “To whom did this letter send?” said the man to Adam.
96. “Why were you so lazy?” said the teacher to his pupil.
Em hãy chuyển những câu sau sang lối nói gián tiếp:
1. He said, “What an exciting film!”
2. Tinh said to Anh, “How nice you are!”
3. Hoa said “What a lovely room!”
4. Huyen said “What a dull song!”
5. Mary said to Tony “How handsome you are!”
6. Maria said “How interesting the film is!”
7. John said “What a happy story!”
8. Alex said “How beautifully you sing, Sara!”
9. Minh said “ How skillfully you dance, Hoa!”
10. Ashley said “What a good footballer!”
11. Brown said “How big she is!”
12. Jenifer said to Jose “How fat you are!”
13. Jena said “What heavy rain!”
14. Martha said to Martin “How mean you are!”
15. Shark said to Manila “How dirty these clothes are!”
16. Seaman said “What a beautiful goal!”
17. Song said “How fast you run, Urainbolt”
18. Dog said to Duck “How stupid you are!”
19. Mark said “What an interesting man!”
20. Thanh said “How easy the exercise is!”