PHU DAO UNIT5 CLASS12

UNIT 5: HIGHER EDUCATION
VOCABULARY:
Application form(n): applicant(n):
Blame sb for: daunt (v):
Mate (n) maximum(n)
Require (v) scary(v):
Undergraduate course: graduate from:
Be amazing/amazed : academically(adv)

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE I
Example: If this hat costs much, I will buy another one.
Form:
If clause
Main clause

If + S + V1/ -es + O,
S + will/ shall/ can/ may + (not) + V1 (1)

If + S + V1/ -es + O,
S + (aux + not) + V1 (2)

If + S + V1/ -es + O,
(Don’t ) V1 (3)

Uses:
To express real/ possible actions at present.
(1): Possible action at present/future:
If + S + V1/ -es + O,
S + will/ shall/ can/ may + (not) + V1 (1)

Ex: If it rains, we will stay at home.
(2): Possible action:
If + S + V1/ -es + O,
S + (aux + not) + V1 (2)

Can: Permission.
Ex: If you have flu, you can stay at home to rest.
May: Uncertainty.
Ex: If we start our work now, we may finish it before noon.
Must: Necessity.
Ex: If you want to get that position, you must have a university degree.
Should: Advice.
Ex: If you want to lose weight, you should do exercise easily.
(3): A truth/ A command or invitation:
If + S + V1/ -es + O,
(Don’t ) V1 (3)

 Ex: If we don’t water these flowers, they die. (A truth)
If you see Peter at the meeting, please tell him to return my book ( a command)
If you are free now, have a cup of coffee with me. ( an invitation)
Note: If – clause can be reduced by using inversion:
Ex: If somebody asks me, please tell them I will be back in an hour.
→Should anyone asks me, please tell them I will be back in an hour.
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE II
Example: If this hat costs much, I will buy another one.
Form:
If clause
Main clause

If + S + V2/ -ed + O,
S + would/should/could/might + (not) + V1

Ex: If she came early, she would meet many people.
Uses:
To express unreal/ impossible actions at present.
Note:
* Tobe “were” is used for all persons in If – clause.
Ex: If I were a bird, I would be a dove.
* If – clause, sometimes, is written in inversion.
Ex: If I were you, I would never be in such trouble.
→ Were I you, I would never be in such trouble.
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE III
Example: If this hat costs much, I will buy another one.
Form:
If clause
Main clause

If + S + + had + V3/ -ed + O,
S + would/should/could/might + (not) +have + V3

Ex: If she had come early, she would have met many people.
Uses:
To express past unreal/ impossible actions.
Note:
* If – clause, sometimes, can be reduced by using inversion.
Ex: If I had known before, I would never have been in this place again.
→ Had I known before, I would never have been in this place again.

EXERCISES:
Class:12
I.Pick out the word whose underlined is pronounced different from that of the other words:
1. a.plant b. danger c. animal d. dam
2. a. species b.causes c.industries d.agencies
3. a. thousand b. around c. sound d. young
II. Pick out the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words:
4. a. species b. danger c. drainage d. reduce
5. a. primary b. diversity c. seriously d.benefit
III. Vocabulary and structures:
6. He was the only………………that