ôn ngữ pháp anh 8 hk2

ÔN THI HỌC KỲ 2 (ENGLISH 8)

I. GRAMMAR
A,TENSES:
1, Present tense (thì hiện tại) 2, Past tenses(Thì quá khứ)
(+)S + Vs/Ves + O (+) S + V-ed / V(2) + O
(-) S + don’t /doesn’t +V + O (-) S + didn’t + V + O
(? ) Do /Does + S +V + O? (?) Did + S + V + O?
Key words: every, always, usually, often , Key words: last, yesterday, ago…
sometimes………
Ex: My father gets up at five every morning Last year, my family went to Nghe An
I don’t like fish. He didn’t go to school yesterday
Does he have lunch at 11am.? When did they leave?
3. Present progressive (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
(+) S + am/is/are + V-ing Ex: He is reading a book at the moment.
(-) S + am not/isn’t/aren’t +V-ing I’m not studying English now.
(?) Am/Is/Are + S +V-ing…? What are you doing now?
Key words: now, at the moment, at present, today, this week,…..
* ALWAYS with progressive: always dùng với thì tiếp diễn để diễn tả sự kiện thường xuyên xảy ra với sự không hài lòng hay than phiền (Ex: He is always coming to work late.)
3, Past progressive (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)
(+) S + was /were + V-ing Ex: Last night when I was doing homework, the
(-) S + wasn’t /weren’t + V-ing electricity went out.
(?) Was /Were + S + V-ing….? Ex: What were you doing at 2 p.m. yesterday?
4, Future tenses(Thì tương lai đơn)
(+) S + will / shall + V + …………. Ex: He will finish his homework tomorrow .
(-) S+ won’t / shan’t + V + ……… Lan won’t go to the zoo next week.
(?) Will / Shall + S + V + ………. ? Will you do this exercise ?
Key words : tomorrow, next, tonight…..
5, Present perfect(Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
(+) S + Have /Has +V3/ed Ex: You have studied English for 4 years.
(-) S + Haven’t /Hasn’t + V3/ed She hasn’t studied English since 2003.
(? ) Have / Has + S +V3/ed Has your father planted trees yet ?
Key words : since, for, just, already, yet… Ex: I have already finished this work.

B . The passive form
Form: S + BE + V3 /V-ed (past participle)...+ by + O
Note:- Khi chủ ngữ câu chủ động là: THEY, PEOPLE, SOMEONE, NO ONE, ANYONE………. thì khi đổi sang câu bị động không có By agent . N hưng khi danh từ làm chủ ngữ bắt buộc phải có agent.

Tenses
Active form ( chủ động)
Passive form ( bị động)

1/Simple present
S + V(-s/es) + O
S + am/is/are +V-ed/V3 +...... by O

2/Simple past
S + V-ed/V2 + O
S + was/were +V-ed/V3 +...... by O

3/Present progressive
S + am/is/are + V-ing
S + is/are + BEING + V-ed/V3 +……by O

4/Past progressive
S + was/were + V-ing
S + was/were + BEING + V-ed/V3 +…by O

5/Present perfect
S + have/has + V-ed/V3+O
S + have/has +BEEN+V-ed/V3 +....... by O

6/Simple Future
S + will + V(bare-inf) + O
S + will + BE +V-ed/V 3 + ........by O

- Với động từ đặc biệt (modal verbs): CAN, MUST, MAY, MIGHT, SHOULD, WILL,…...
7/ S + modal verb + BE + V-ed / V3 ……

Ex: 1/ John prepares his lessons carefully. His lessons are prepared carefully by John.
2/Thomas Edison invented the photograph. The photograph was invented by Thomas Edison.
2/They didn’t help me to do the work. I wasn’t helped to do the work.
5/His father has collected stamps for ten years. Stamps has been collected for ten years by his father.