On HSG

nội dung bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi
Môn: tiếng anh - Lớp 8

UNIT 1 : MY FRIENDS
1.PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE
2. ATTRIBUTIVE AND PREDICATIVE ADJECTIVES
a. Attributive adjectives
The new secretary doesn’t like me.
He is a rich businessman.
b. Predicative adjectives
The baby is asleep.
He looks afraid.
3. ENOUGH
Subject + be (+not) + adjective + ENOUGH + to-infinitive
She is old enough to do what she wants.
Subject + verb + ENOUGH + noun(s) + to-infinitive
Are there enough potatoes to make potato soup?

UNIT 2 : MAKING ARRANGEMENTS
1. NEITHER . . . NOR
My father neither smokes nor drinks
2. BE GOING TO
Subject + be (am/is/are) + going to + verb (inf. Without to)
A. Talk about intentions
We are going to spend out holiday in Florida this year
B. Make predictions
Look at the sky! It’s going to rain
3. ADVERBS OF PLACES
Here, there , outside , inside , upstairs , downstairs , around , in London, out of the window . . .
- The children are playing upstairs
- Come and sit here

UNIT 3 : AT HOME
1. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves
By + REFLEXIVE PRONOUN= alone
He lives by himself in that large house = He lives alone in that house
2. Modal verbs: MUST, HAVE TO, OUGHT TO
3. WHY - BECAUSE

- Why
Why + auxiliary verb + subject . . . ?
Why were you late this morning?
-Because
BECAUSE + CLAUSE ( SUBJECT + VERB )
BECAUSE OF + ADJECTIVE + NOUN

Ex : He is absent because he is sick . <=> He is absent because of his sickness.
Ex : Because it rained heavily, they didn’t go to work.
<=> Because of the heavy rain, they didn’t go to work.

UNIT 4: OUR PAST
1. PAST SIMPLE TENSE
2. PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
IN ON AT AFTER BEFORE BETWEEN
3. USED TO
Subject + used to + verb (bare-infinitive)
I used to go fishing when I was a kid
Trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi, ta dùng trợ động từ did
She didn’t use to like opera, but now she like it.
Did you used to go there?
Lưu ý: Used to không có dạng hiện tại. Để nói về thói quen hay tình trạng ở hiện tại, ta thường dùng thì hiện tại đơn (simple present tense)

UNIT 5 : STUDY HABITS
1. ADVERBS OF MANNER
Adjective + ly = Adverb
Bad -> badly happy -> happily beautiful -> beautifully
Soft -> softly quick -> quickly careful -> carefully
Một số trường hợp đặc biệt:
Good-> well fast -> fast early -> early Hard-> hard late-> late
2. MODAL VERB : SHOULD
3. COMMANDS, REQUESTS AND ADVICE IN REPORTED SPEECH
A. COMMANDS AND REQUESTS IN REPORTED SPEECH:
Subject + asked/told + Object + (not) + to infinitive
Dùng các động từ mở đầu asked , told , ordered , requested . . .
He said, “Can you meet me after class?”
-> He asked me to meet him after class
“Don’t leave your room, Tom” she said
-> She told Tom not to leave his room.
The policeman said, “Please show me your driving licence.”
-> The policeman ordered me to show him my driving licence.
B. ADVICE IN REPORTED SPEECH
Said / told (+that) + subject + should + bare infinitive
“You should stop smoking”, he said.
-> He said/told (that) I should stop smoking.
“You shouln’t drive so fast, John” he said
-> He said/told (that) John shouldn’t drive so fast.

UNIT 6 : THE YOUNG PIONEERS CLUB
1. PRESENT SIMPLE WITH FUTURE MEANING
2. GERUND
Formation: V-ING
Functions:
-Subject (S): Fishing is hishobby.
Getting into the city centre at this time of day isn’t easy.
-Complement (C): (of to be) Her passion is studying.
What we really want is escaping from this terrible place.
-Compound nouns:
+ Gerund-noun: fishing-rod cooking-apple driving licence
wrapping paper writing paper cooking oil
+ Non-gerund: fruit-picking sky-diving bush walking time counting
-Object (O):
Direct objects: Follow these certain verbs
admit
avoid
appreciate
begin
consider

continue
delay
Deny
enjoy