Ngữ pháp căn bản anh8

Basic Grammar for grade 8
Simple tenses:
Features:
a/ talk about things in general, happen all the time or repeatedly
b/ talk about the truth that we cannot change
c/ to say how often we do things
structure:



ADJ + enough+ to V
Future tenses: be going to + V
Will + V
Be + Ving
Be going to
Will +V
Be +Ving

Intention to do something ( have decided to do before, WITHOUT ARRANGEMENT)
Without intention, decide to do without arrangement before
Intention to do something, with arrangement
Higher than the form “ be going” to


Ex: I’m going to the party tomorrow
That bag looks heavy. I’ll help you with it.
I’m meeting with Mr. smith tonight

Predict the future WITH EVIDENCE
2.predict the future


Ex: there are lots of dark clouds on the sky.
It’s going to rain
Do you think that Tiana will pass the exam?




3.ask a favor:
Will you open the door please? It’s so hot here!



4.promise to do st
I promise I will study hard from now on.


Reflexive pronouns:
Structure:


Modal verbs: can/could/should/ ought to/ must/have to
Must
Have to

You are compulsory to do st
Ex: the teacher said: “ all of you must complete the homework by tomorrow.”
You need to do st,
Ex: last week, Tina broke her arms, she had to go to the hospital. (Xmust)


Used to say sb is obliged to do, NOT GIVING HIS/HER OPINION
Ex: I have to work from 8.30 to 10 am
Jane has to travel a lot for her work. ( NOT MUST)

Mustn’t
Don’t have to

You mustn’t do st = it is necessary that you do not do it ( so don’t do it)
Ex: I promise I will be there on time. I mustn’t be late.
Warning!!!!!: must isn’t used in past tense. Instead, we use “ didn’t have to/ had to”
Ex : I had to do the hw.

You don’t have to do st = you don’t need to do it. ( you can do if you want)
Ex: linh, you don’t need to cook this afternoon, mom has cooked already.

should
Ought to

you should do st = it is a good thing to do/ right thing to do.
Ex: you should make cake for grandma this time.
In this meaning, ought to = should


Past simple:
Used to + V: action you did in the past without continuing until now.
Ex: I used to wake up late = now, I get up on time
Present perfect with for and since
Comparative and superlative adj :
Structure :

In order to = so as to : để làm gì
Ex: you should go to bed early in order not to/ so as not to wake up late tomorrow.
Passive forms :



EX: I wrote the letter to my dad.
The letter was written by me to my dad.
It’s adj+ to V
Ex: it’s very dangerous to come near the lion inside the cage.
= the lion inside the cage is very dangerous to come near.
S+ tobe+ adj + that + S+V.

S+tobe+adj+ TO V

EX: I’m very happy that you passed the final exam.
Request with : would/ do you mind + Ving?
Would/ do you mind + if…?
Structure :
Ex: A: do you mind opening the door?
B: no, of course not
A: do you mind if I turned off the light?
B: I’m sorry but I’m scared of dark. I’d rather you didn’t.

= 2 sentences with the same subject
= we use –ed form when one of the sentences is using the passive voice
= we use –ing form when the whole sentences are using the active voice.
Ex:
She is reading novel. She is the most beautiful girl in the class.
The most beautiful girl in the class is reading novel.
The silk is so smoothie. It is brought from Italy.
The silk brought from Italy is so smoothie.
Progressive tense with always:
Structure:
Ex: you’re always making mistakes. I’m so tired of you!!!!
Showing complaint of the speaker.
Past progressive:
Reported speech:
Rules:
Lùi về một thời so với thời hiện tại.
Am/ is
Was

are
Were

Was/were
Had been