Kiem tra 15 - 8

Week 16
Date:
PhRases and clause of reason
I. Grammar
1. Phrase of reason: Because of + N ( NP)/ gerund phrase.
*Note: Because of : is often interchangeable with the expression “ due to”

Eg: Jane was worried because of the rain.
The students arrived late because of the traffic jam.
We have to cut down our driving because of oil shortage.
Because of the rain, we have cancelled the party.
2. Clause of reason
Adverbial clause of reason : Lµ mÖnh ®Ò phô chØ lý do hoÆc nguyªn nh©n cña hµnh ®éng ®­îc nªu trong mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh. Th­êng ®­îc nèi víi mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh nhê c¸c tõ nèi : Because/ since/ as ( Since/ As th­êng ®øng ë ®Çu c©u.
*Form:
Since / As / because + S + V
Eg: He came ten minutes late because he missed the first bus.
(As/ Since he missed the first bus, he came ten minutes late.)
She was worried because it started to rain.
They didn’t take part in the trip because the weather was bad.
* Note: Khi ®æi tõ mÖnh ®Ò sang côm tõ nÕu hai chñ ng÷ gièng nhau -> ta cã thÓ dïng gerund phrase.
Eg: She stayed at home because she was sick.
-> She stayed at home because of being sick.
II. Exercises
Ex1. Supply either “because” or “ because of
1. It was difficult to deliver the letter…… the sender had written the wrong address on the envelope. => because
2. We decided to leave early the party was boring. -> because
3. Paul may not go to the football game …… his grades. -> because of
4. We have to stay at home …… the heavily rain. -> because of
Ex2: Combine the sentences using “ because/ since/ as”
1. She saw a wanted man in a small shop. She phoned the police.
2. The teacher is sick. have no class tomorrow.
3. Daisy looks happy. She has just got good marks.
4. It got dark. I read the letter.
*Keys
1. She phoned the police because she saw a wanted man.
2. Since The teacher is sick, have no class tomorrow.
3. Daisy looks happy because she has just got good marks.
4. As it got dark , I read the letter.
Ex3: Rewrite sentences using “ because”
1. raining so we stay at home.
2. Most people hear jogging is good exercise, so they begin to jog.
3. The climate in the countryis healthy, so people like to live there.
4. Tomorrow is a public holiday, so all the shops will be shut.
* Keys
1. We stay at home because raining.
2. Most people begin to jog because they hear jogging is good exercise.
3. Because the climate in the country is healthy, people like to live there.
4. All the shop will be shut because tomorrow is a public holiday.
Ex4: Change clause of reason to phrase.
1. She went to bed early because she felt sick.
2. John succeeded in his axam because he work hard and methodically.
3. I like him because his mother is kind to me.
4. I eat these fruits because they are green.
5. He came late because it rained heavily.
* Keys
1. She went to bed early because of feeling sick.
2. John succeeded in his exam because of working hard and methodically.
3. I like him because of his kindness to me.
4. I eat these fruit because of the greenness of the fruits.
5. He came late because of the heavy rain.

Week 17
Date:
Phrase and clause of concession
1. Phrase of concession( sù nh­îng bé)
“ In spite of / dispite” ( MÆc dï/ cho dï)
In spite of / dispite + sth/ doing sth.
Eg: Despite she shortage, She is beautiful.
Despite his physical handicape, he has become a successful businessman.( khuyÕt tËt)
In spite of her bad grades, Jane will be admitted to the university.
* MÖnh ®Ò “ In spite of / despite” cã thÓ ®Æt sau mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh.
II. Clause of concession
MÖnh ®Ò tr¹ng ng÷ chØ sù nh­îng bé lµ mÖnh ®Ò phô chØ sù t­¬ng ph¶n cña hai hµnh ®éng trong c©u. MÖnh ®Ò nµy th­êng b¨t ®Çu víi nh÷ng tõ nèi : Although/