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***** Hạ Long Bay*****
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Hạ Long Bay

World Heritage



/


Vietnam

Type
Natural


vii, viii

Reference


Region**
-

Inscription history

Inscription
1994  (18th )

Extensions
2000

/
/
Location of Hạ Long Bay in Vietnam

* as inscribed on World Heritage List ** as classified by UNESCO

Hạ Long Bay (literally: "Descending Dragon Bay"; : Vịnh Hạ Long) is a Heritage , and a popular travel destination, located in Ninh , . Administratively, the bay belongs to City, town, and part of district. The bay features thousands of and isles in various sizes and shapes. Hạ Long Bay is a center of a larger zone which includes Bái Tử Long bay to the northeast, and Cát Bà islands to the southwest. These larger zones share similar , , , , and characters.
Hạ Long Bay has an area of around 1,553 km2, including 1,960 islets, most of which are limestone. The core of the bay has an area of 334 km2 with a high density of 775 islets1The limestone in this bay has gone through 500 million years of formation in different conditions and environments. The evolution of the in this bay has taken 20 million years under the impact of the tropical wet climate2The geo-diversity of the environment in the area has created , including a , oceanic and sea shore biosystem3Hạ Long Bay is home to 14 endemic floral species[4] and 60 endemic faunal species5
Historical research surveys have shown the presence of prehistorical human beings in this area tens of thousands years ago. The successive ancient cultures are the Soi Nhụ culture around 18,000-7000 BC, the Cái Bèo culture 7000-5000 BC[6] and the Hạ Long culture 5,000-3,500 years ago7Hạ Long Bay also marked important events in the of with many artifacts found in Bài Thơ Mout, Đầu Gỗ Cave, Bãi Cháy7
500 years ago, praised the beauty of Hạ Long Bay in his verse Lộ nhập Vân Đồn, in which he called it "rock wonder in the sky8In 1962, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Vietnam listed Hạ Long Bay in the National Relics and Landscapes publication9In 1994, the core zone of Hạ Long Bay was listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site according to criterion vii, and listed for a second time according to criterion viii10
Contents
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.1 Soi Nhụ culture (16,000- 5000 BC
.2 Cái Bèo culture (5000- 3000 BC
.3 Feudal
System of isles and

Awards and
Geology and
.1 History of
.2 Karst geomorphology
.3 Timeline of geologic

.1 Endemic

Environmental
In
In popular
Tourist

See

External

[] Etymology
According to local legend, when the Vietnamese were fighting invaders, the gods sent a family of to help defend the land. This family of dragons began spitting out and . These jewels turned into the islands and islets dotting the bay, linking together to form a great wall against the invaders. The people kept their land safe and formed what later became the country of Vietnam. After that, dragons were interested in peaceful sightseeing of the earth, and then decided to live here. The place where the mother dragon descended was named Hạ Long, the place where the dragon`s children attended upon their mother was called Bái Tử Long island (Bái: attend upon, Tử: children, Long: dragon), and the place where the dragon`s children wriggled their tails violently was called Bạch Long Vỹ island (Bạch: white- colour of the foam made when Dragon`s children wriggled, Long: dragon, Vỹ: tail).
[] Location
Hạ Long Bay is located in northeastern Vietnam, from E106°56` to E107°37` and from N20°43` to N21°09`. The bay stretches from Yên Hưng district, past Long , town to district, bordered on the south and southeast by the of , on the north by , and on the west and southwest by Bà . The bay has a 120 km long coastline and is approximately 1,553 km² in size with about 2000 islets.