Dạy từ vựng trong tiếng Anh

Acknowledgement
Firstly, I would like to express my sincere thank to all the leaders of Phuc Yen Education and Training Department for organizing this seminar and for giving me the precious chance to do it.
Secondly, I am very grateful to all the teachers of English in Cao Minh school for offering me useful advice in realizing my ideas.
Lastly,thank you very much for your presence and observation. Your comments and advice would be highly appreciated.

Thank you very much.

















A.aims:
Vocabulary words are simple enough to begin learning on the first day of a class and they are powerful enough to encourage communication from the very beginning .Words are small pieces of language which carry bits of meaning.Knowing many words does not guarantee a person will be able to speak a language ,but not knowing words can prevent a person from effectively speaking or understanding a language.That’s why vocabulary must be taught from the very start.
In the new text book series (Tieng Anh 6 – Tieng Anh 9 ),
vocabulary is enlarged so much to provide four main skills : Listening , Speaking , Reading and Writing. Therefore , teachers must have the most effective metthod of teaching vocabulary to present vocabulary effectively.A good method of teaching vocabulary will get more students’ attentions.
This seminar aims at two main points :
(First : To show teachers several principles for teaching vocabulary .
(Second : To show teachers a range of steps for teaching vocabulary
It is hoped to bring about all of you here some good hints.

B.content:
I. What vocabulary to teach?
II. Principles for teaching vocabulary
III. Steps for teaching vocabulary
IV. Checking vocabulary





I. What vocabulary to teach ?
As you know,there are two types of vocabulary .They are : Passive vocabulary and active vocabulary .
( Passive vocabulary are words which a student can recognize but not necessarily use in speaking or writing .If a student sees a word in their passive vocabulary ,he/she will understand what it means .Passive vocabulary words are especially useful for receptive skills of reading and listening.
( Active vocabulary are words which students can both understand and use in communication .Active vocabulary words are especially useful for the productive skills of speaking and writing .
(The process of vocabulary expansion looks something like this:
Unknown - > Passive vocabulary -> Active vocabulary
A teacher should expect his/her students to understand words in reading and listening before they can use those same words in speaking and writing .When teaching , it is best to first train students to recognize words .Later the teacher will find the students can actively use those same words in communication.

II.Principles for teaching vocabulary :
There are many different ways of teaching vocabulary ,but some ways are more effective than others.
Provide a context for new words : We will help the students guess the meanings of the new words and remember easilier.
E.g : The word “ study”
Grammatical context : “Children go to school to study”
( students can guess “study” is a verb and an action happening at school)
Do not present too much new words at once .Teach a few words and allow students to practise and use them a lot . This will help them remember new words easily.
Practising new words in context is more important than memorizing isolated words .Students may be required to learn the meanings of words but they must also be given the opportunity to use them productively in speaking and writing.
Teach your students skills for guessing new words , especially when reading .The meaning of words can be inferred from the different types of contexts and from looking at affixes (parts) of the word.
E.g: My mother teaches at Cao Minh school
What is a teacher ?
( Students can guess from the suffix “-er” that “a teacher is a person who teaches students” )
happy>< unhappy
..…….
Avoid translation as much as possible. If the students are always having words translated, they are really only communicating in their own language , not in Eglish. Also, students do not usually remember vocabulary that has been translated.Only use translation as a last resort , when it would otherwise take too long to communicate in English.
Avoid using the dictionary a much as possible .When reading or listening ,students should first try guessing or ignoring new words so that they can continue without stopping .Also using a dictionary when speaking or listening often slows down communication .In writing ,using a dictionary can be beneficial.It helps students express themselves more clearly.
Practise the new words in context first ,practise in chorus ,and then individually.
Active words are needed to teach first,ignore the passive words.

Those are the