Comparison

COMPARATIVE
V. CAÂU SO SAÙNH:
A. SO SAÙNH HÔN: (DUØNG ÑEÅ SO SAÙNH 2 NGÖÔØI 2 VAÄT).
1. TÍNH TÖØ NGAÉN & TRAÏNG TÖØ NGAÉN:
* Coâng thöùc:
* Tính töø ngaén: S1 + BE + ADJ ngaén + ER + THAN + S2.
EX: He is taller than me.
They are smaller than my shoes.
* Traïng töø ngaén: S1 + V + ADV ngaén + ER + THAN + S2.
EX: He works harder than his brother.
A horse runs faster than a dog.
* MOÄT SOÁ NGOAÏI LEÄ KHI THEÂM “ER” VAØO SAU TÍNH VAØ TRAÏNG TÖØ NGAÉN:
ADJ/ ADV NGAÉN
SO SAÙNH HÔN
SO SAÙNH NHAÁT

Good/ well
better
the best

Bad/ badly
worse
the worst

Much/ many
more
the most

Little
less
the least

old
older/ elder
the oldest/ the eldest

far
farther / further
the farthest/ the furthest

* NHÖÕNG TÍNH TÖØ HAI VAÀN TAÄN CUØNG BAÈNG: Y, ER, OW, LE : XEM NHÖ TÍNH TÖØ NGAÉN.
EX: happy - happier ; pretty - prettier ; easy - easier
clever - cleverer
narrow - narrower
simple - simpler
2. TÍNH VAØ TRAÏNG TÖØ DAØI:
* Tính töø daøi: S1 + BE + MORE + ADJ + THAN + S2.
* Traïng töø daøi: S1 + V + MORE + ADV + THAN + S2.
B. SO SAÙNH NHAÁT: (DUØNG ÑEÅ SO SAÙNH 3 NGÖÔØI 3 VAÄT TRÔÛ LEÂN).
1. TÍNH TÖØ NGAÉN & TRAÏNG TÖØ NGAÉN:
* Coâng thöùc:
* Tính töø ngaén: S + BE + + THE +ADJ ngaén + EST (N)+ cuïm giôùi töø…
EX: He is the tallest pupil in my class.
They are the smallest shoes we have.
* Traïng töø ngaén: S + V + THE + ADV ngaén + EST + cuïm giôùi töø.
EX: He works the hardest in his family.
He runs the fastest in his group.
2. TÍNH VAØ TRAÏNG TÖØ DAØI:
* Tính töø daøi: S + BE + THE MOST + ADJ +( N )+ cuïm giôùi töø….
* Traïng töø daøi: S + V + THE MOST + ADV )+ cuïm giôùi töø….
Ex: Spring is the most pleasant season of year.
This book is the most interesting of all.
He drives the most carefully in his group.
C. SO SAÙNH BAÈNG: (SO SAÙNH 2 NGÖÔØI, 2 VAÄT)
1. TÍNH TÖØ:
* Coâng thöùc: S1 + BE + AS + ADJ + AS + S2.
EX: He is as tall as his brother.
Lan is as intelligent as Mai.
2. TRAÏNG TÖØ:
* Coâng thöùc: S1 + V + AS + ADV + AS + S2.
EX: She cooks as well as her mother.
He dances as gracefully as a dancer.







THE COMPARISON

Comparison
Forms
Examples

1/Equal Comparison
(So saùnh baèng)

AS + short/long ADJ/ADV +AS
Tom is as tall as his friend


2/Negative Comparison
(So saùnh khoâng baèng)

NOT + SO(AS) + short/long ADJ/ADV + AS
Tom is not so tall as his friend


3/Comparative
(So saùnh hôn)
3.1/ short ADJ/ADV + ER + THAN
I am taller than mary



3.2/MORE + long ADJ/ADV + THAN
I am more beautiful than she



3.3/Good/Well - Better
Bad/Badly - Worse
Many/Much - More
Little - Less
Far - Farther/Further

He is better than his brother


3.4/ LESS+short/long ADJ/ADV+THAN
Hanoi is less big than HCM city
This film is less interesting than the one we saw last night.


4/Superlative
(So saùnh nhaát)
4.1/THE + short ADJ/ADV + EST
Tom is the tallest boy



4.2/THE + MOST + long ADJ/ADV
Tom is the most intelligent boy



4.3/Good/Well – the best
Bad/Badly – the worst
Many/Much – the most
Little – the least
Far – the farthest/the furthest

He is the best boy

5/Double comparison
(So saùnh keùp)
5.1/S+V+short ADJ+ER and shortADJ+ER