CHUYÊN ĐỀ THI THPT QG

NỘI DUNG CHUYÊN ĐỀ
CONTENTS

A. Grammatical points
I. Types of conditionals
II. Other conditional structures
III. “wishes” and other structures with “wishes”
IV. Methods of teaching and learning.
B. Practice :
System of Exercises and detailed explanation (key)
I. Conditional Exercises
II. “wishes” Exercises
A . GRAMMAR : CONDITIONALS - WISHES

I. Types of conditionals



1. Zero conditional
2. First conditional
3. Second conditional
4. Third conditional
5. Mixed conditional
6. Inverted conditionals
1. Zero conditional
a, Form
If - clause
Main – clause


If + present simple
The present simple


If S + V/Vs/es +
S + V/Vs/es +

b, Use
- General truths, scientific facts and definitions.
(Sự thật luôn đúng, hiện tượng hay định nghĩa khoa học)
Eg: If air expands, it becomes lighter.
2. First conditional
a, Form
If - clause
Main – clause


If + present tense
Future / imperative


(present S, present cont or present perf)
Can/may/might/must/should/ought to, have to + V bare/ ing

 b.Use:
Real or likely conditions in the present or future and theirs results in the present and future.
To give instructions
(Nói về giả định có khả năng xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai)
Watch out:
We can also use should + bare infinitive instead of present simple.
This suggest the situation is possible, but unlikely to happen.
Eg: If you should bump into Alex at the concert, you will be able to get a left home.
We can also use a form if the first conditional to give instructions, commands, invitations that depend on a certain condition in the present/future.
If + a present tense, imperative
Eg: - If you decide to have a birthday party, tell me (commands)
If you want the seat to reduce, press the button (instructions)
If you come to Nha Trang, stay with us (imitations)
3. Second conditional (The unreal present)
a, Form
If - clause
Main – clause


If + past simple / past continuous
Would/could/might + bare infinitive


(tobe: were in all persons)



b, Use: - Impossible, unlikely or hypothetical conditions in the present or future and their results in the present or future also used to give advice.
(giả định trái với thực tế ở hiện tại)
Eg: If I saw a ghost, I would run away.
If I were you, I wouldn’t go out with him.
Watch out:
In British English, we can use both “was” and “were” after if with first and third person singular “were” is more common in a formal style. In American English, it is usual to use “were”.
UK: If I was/were a gambler, I’d put money on Jim being late.
Us: If I were a gambler, I’d put money on J being late.
In both British and American English, “were” is usually used in the phrase “If I were you, .......................”.
Were to + Verb bare infinitive: This also makes an event move hypothetical.
Eg: If I were to ask you to marry me, what would you say?/ hired conditional.
4. Third conditional
a, Form
If - clause
Main – clause


If + past perfect or past perfect continuous
Would/could/might + have + past participle


b, Use: - unreal situation in the past
- used to express regrets and criticism
(giả định trái với thực tế trong quá khứ.Bày tỏ sự tiếc nuối, phê bình/ chỉ trích)
Eg: - If I had locked the car, it wouldn’t have been stolen
(regret, it’s a pity I didn’t lock it)
If I had behaved well, the teacher wouldn’t have punished him (criticism)
5. Mixed conditionals
5.a, Form
If - clause
Main – clause


 If + past perfect
 Would + bare infinitive

Use: - hypothetical past condition and a present result
(Giả định trong quá khứ, kết quả ở hiện tại)
Eg: If I had listened to my parents, I wouldn’t be in so much trouble now
>< I didn’t had listened to my parents, I wouldn’t be in so much trouble now
5.b, Form
If - clause
Main – clause


If + past simple or past continuous
Would+ have + Vpast participle

Use