Câu tường thuật

REPORTED SPEECH  CÂU
.
sang ta ý :
+     (reporting verb) chia ta (tense) , sang . :     -  He says: “I’m going to Ha Noi next week.”    He says he is going to Ha Noi next week.
+     (reporting verb) (direct speech) sang (indirect / reported speech) :
Direct speech
Reported speech

will / shall     
would / should

am / is / are going to
was / were going to

present simple V/Vs/es
past simple V2/ed

present continuous am/is/are Ving
past continuous was/were +Ving

past continuous was/were + Ving
past perfect continuous had been Ving

present perfect have/has +V3/ed
past perfect had+V3/ed

past simple   V2/ed
past perfect had+V3/ed

must 
had to

can  
could   

               :        Direct speech:      “I’ll talk to Mr Jones,” said he.        Reported speech: He said he would talk to Mr Jones.
+     sang : would => would, could => could, might => might, should => should, ought to => ought to
+      sang :
 Direct speech 
 Reported speech

today
that day

tonight  
that night

tomorrow 
the next day / the following day

yesterday
the day before / the previous day

ago
before

now   
then

next / on Tuesday
the next / following Tuesday

last Tuesday
the previous Tuesday / the Tuesday before

the day after tomorrow
in two days’ time / two days later

this 
that

these
those

this
that

here  
there

     :      Direct speech:              “I’m leaving here tomorrow,” said Mary.     Reported speech:         Mary said (that) she was leaving there the next day.
*     .    
§     Có 3 :
1.    Reported statements: 
            S + say(s) / said + (that) + S + V
says / say to + O => tells / tell + O          said to + O => told + O
:  - He said to me: “I haven’t finished my work.”             š He told me he hadn’t  finished his work.  
2.    Reported questions: A.    Yes / No questions: §     hay Không (Yes / No questions) :
S +
asked (+ O) wanted to know  wondered
+  if / whether + S + V.

     : “Are you angry?” he asked. He asked if / whether I was angry.
“Did you see the film?” Tam asked. Tam asked if / whether I had seen the film.
*     ý: hay Không (Yes - No questions), ta sang , , , , , , , .
*     says / say to + O => asks / ask + O                 said to + O => asked + O
:   He said to me: “Have you been to America?”             š He asked me if / whether I had been to America.
B.    Wh-questions:
S +
asked (+ O) wanted to know  wondered
+ Wh-words + S + V.

    :   They asked us: “Where are you going on holiday?”             š They asked us where we were going on holiday.
             “What are you talking about?” said the teacher.             š The teacher asked us what we were talking about.
says / say to + O => asks / ask + O           said to + O => asked + O
:   He said to me: “Who are you writing to?”             š He asked me who I was writing to.
3.    Reported commands: §     :
S   +     told     +    O    +    to-infinitive.
:  - “Please wait for me here, Mary.” Tom said.           š Tom told Mary to wait for him there.
§     :
S    +     told     +    O    +    not to-infinitive.
:  “Don’t talk in class!” the teacher said.             š The teacher told the children not to talk in class.
: tell, ask, order, advise, warn, beg, command, remind, instruct, ....