Array

Reported speech
Statements, questions, commands and requests
Statements
Ken: “I had a terrible row with Pauline a few days ago and she has kicked me out.”

Mike told Isobel that Mike had had a terrible row with Pauline a few days before and she had kicked him out.

What differences can you see in
these two sentences?
Statements
We use reported speech when we are telling someone what another person said or thought, but do not use their exact words.
When we report a statement, we use reported verbs such as say, tell, explain, inform, state,
decide etc. often followed by that.
Changes in reported speech
Personal pronouns and possessive adjectives change, e.g. I he/she, you I/we, my
his/her, your my etc.
Adverbs of time: now then, yesterday
the day before, tomorrow the next
day, today that day, ago before
Adverbs of place: here there,
etc.
Tense change
Present Simple Past Simple
Present Continuous Past Continuous
Present Perfect Past Perfect
Past Simple Past Perfect
Future Conditional
Questions
Mike: “What are you going to do?”
Mike asked Ken what he was going to do.
Mike: “Are you all right, Ken?”
Mike asked Ken if he was all right.

What differences can you see
in these sentences?
Questions
In reported –wh questions, we us
the wh- word + the subject + the verb.
In reported yes/no questions, we use if/whether + the subject + the verb.
We do not use the interrogative
form of the verb: do/does/did
As it is an indirect question, no
question marks are used.
We use reported verbs: ask, wonder, want to know etc.
Commands and requests
Ken: “Don’t spread it around, Mike.”
Ken asked Mike not to spread it around.
Mike advised Ken:”Make it up with Pauline!”
Mike advised Ken to make it up with Pauline.
Commands and requests
When we report requests, orders, advice or warnings we use verbs such as advice, ask, beg, tell, order, etc, followed by an infinitive.
NB In negative requests/commands use NOT
before TO.


Thanks for attention!
Created by Gordana