Writing

VUTHU EDUCATION- TRAINING DEPARTEMENT
English 7
PHAN PHUONG THAO
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WRITING:
HOW TO WRITE A CORRECT SENTENCE?
I. Word classes: nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc
There are eight different kinds of word in English. They are called `word classes` or `parts of speech’
1. Verb: have, am, is, would, like, come, are, sitting,…
2. Noun: work, coffee, party, Saturday, Jessica, friends,…
3. Adjective: important, busy, good, cheap…
4. Adverb: tomorrow, rather, really, here…
5. Preposition: at, to, on, in …
6. Determiner: an, this, our, the….
7. Pronoun: I, it, you ….
8. Linking word: so, and…
WRITING
HOW TO WRITE A CORRECT SENTENCE?
Ex 1: Read this paragraph and then say which word class each underlined word belongs to.
Andrew didn`t go to the cafe with the other students. Rachel told him they were going there, but he wanted to finish his work. Andrew isn`t very sociable. He stays in his room and concentrates totally on his studies. He`s an excellent student, but he doesn`t have much fun.
Eg: to - preposition cafe - noun
the 7. told
2 They 8. there
3 he 9. finish
4 sociable 10. in
5 and 11. totally 6. an 12. excellent


WRITING
HOW TO WRITE A CORRECT SENTENCE?
pronoun
pronoun
adjective
linking word
determiner
verb
adverbial
verb
preposition
adverbial
adjective
determiner
1 Laura wanted to talk to Rita.
2 Laura wanted a talk with Rita.
3 The windows aren`t very clean.
4 Doesn`t anyone clean the windows?
5 We went to a fabulous show in New York.
6 Laura wanted to show Rita her photos.
7 Henry thought Claire looked beautiful.
8 A strange thought came into Emma`s head.
9 Sarah is feeling quite tired now.
10 Studying all night had tired Andrew out
Ex2: Is the underlined word a verb, a noun or an adjective?
eg: Shall we go for a walk? noun
Shall we walk into town? verb
1 Laura wanted to talk to Rita. verb
2 Laura wanted a talk with Rita. noun
3 The windows aren`t very clean. adjective
4 Doesn`t anyone clean the windows? verb
5 We went to a fabulous show in New York. noun
6 Laura wanted to show Rita her photos. verb
7 Henry thought Claire looked beautiful. verb
8 A strange thought came into Emma`s head. noun
9 Sarah is feeling quite tired now. adjective
10 Studying all night had tired Andrew out verb
Is the underlined word a verb, a noun or an adjective?
eg: Shall we go for a walk? noun
Shall we walk into town? verb
II. Sentence structure: subject, verb, object, etc
The parts of a sentence are the subject, verb, object, complement, and adverbial. A statement begins with the subject and the verb. There are 5 main structures which we can use to make a simple statements.
SUBJECT + VERB
My arms are arching.
Something happened.
2. SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT
I need a rest.
Five people are moving the piano
3. SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT.
The piano is heavy.
It was a big problem.
* Adverbials:
We can add adverbials to all the five main structures.
My arms are aching terribly.
I really need a rest.
Of course, this piano is heavy.
Fortunately, their house is nearby.
To everyone`s surprise, David actually bought Melanie a present yesterday.
4. SUBJECT + VERB + ADVERBIAL.
It is on my foot.
Their house is nearby.
5. SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT + OBJECT.
He sent me a postcard.
David bought Mary a present
Ex1: Look at each underlined phrases and say it is subject, verb, object, complement or adverbial:
Eg: We’re having a great time. object
1. The weather is nice
2. We really enjoy camping
3. It’s great fun.
4. We are on the farm.
5. We like this place.
6. The garden is beautiful.
subject
object
adverbial
complement
verb
complement
WRITING
HOW TO WRITE A CORRECT SENTENCE?
Ex2 Matching.
A B
That is a difficult job. 1. Subject + verb
I agree. 2. Subject + verb + object
He is in his room. 3. Subject + verb + complement
They should give us some milk. 4. Subject + verb + adverbial
I made some more coffee. 5. Subject + verb + object + object
Key: 1-e, 2-b,3- c, 4-d
WRITING
HOW TO WRITE A CORRECT SENTENCE?
Ex3: Word order
Put the words in the correct order and write the statements.
Eg: is / Melanie / very nice ► Melanie is very nice.
1 football / likes / Tom
2 an accident / David / had
3 change / how / does / much / she / receive?
4 movies / aren’t / on / at / there / any / the / good / moment.
5 gave / some help / Mike`s friends / him
WRITING
HOW TO WRITE A CORRECT SENTENCE?
Ex 4: Arrange these words in the right order. Use a capital letter to begin each sentence.
Mark each rewritten sentence S V 0 M P T to show: Subject, Verb, Object, Manner (How?), Place (Where?), Time (When?).
Eg: till 11 o’clock this morning / slept / the children.
(S)The children (V) slept (T) till 11 0’clock this morning.
1. the papers / into the bin / he threw .
2. I don`t speak / well / English
3. hides / Mrs Jones / her money / under the bed .
carefully / this suitcase / you didn`t pack
on this shelf / I left / this morning / some money
Ex5:Adverbials
These sentences are from a news report. Write down the two adverbials in each sentence. Each adverbial is a prepositional phrase or an adverb.
► Prince Charles opened a new sports centre in Stoke yesterday.
in Stoke yesterday
1 He also spoke with several young people.
2 The sports centre was first planned in 1994.
3 Naturally, the local council could not finance the project without help.
4 Fortunately, they managed to obtain money from the National Lottery.
WRITING
HOW TO WRITE A CORRECT SENTENCE?
Ex5:Adverbials
These sentences are from a news report. Write down the two adverbials in each sentence. Each adverbial is a prepositional phrase or an adverb.
► Prince Charles opened a new sports centre in Stoke yesterday.
in Stoke yesterday
1 He also spoke with several young people.
2 The sports centre was first planned in 1994.
3 Naturally, the local council could not finance the project without help.
4 Fortunately, they managed to obtain money from the National Lottery.
WRITING
HOW TO WRITE A CORRECT SENTENCE?
1 A sentence can take any one of four forms:
a statement: The shops close/don’t close at 7 tonight.
- a question: Do the shops close at 7 tonight?
- a command: Shut the door./Don’t shut the door.
an exclamation: What a slow train this is!
2 When we write a sentence, we must begin with a capital letter and end with a full stop (.), a question mark (?), or an exclamation mark (!).
If there are quotation marks (“…”) around spoken word in a sentence, we put other punctuation marks inside them
Eg: “I’m tired,” she said ( Not “I’m tired”, she said )
III. The forms of a sentence
1. the coffee / don`t spill -> Don’t spill the coffee. (C)
2. today`s papers / have you seen
3. to meet you / how nice
4. my umbrella / where did you put
5. arrived / the train / fifteen minutes late
6. on time / the plane / won`t arrive
7. this electricity bill / I can`t pay
8. for me / please / open the door
9. the nearest hotel / where`s / he asked
10. the bill / can`t pay / I / he cried
a Arrange these groups of words in the right order. Add (.), (?) or (!). b Describe each sentence as a statement, question, command or exclamation: S, Q, C or E.
1. Hoa is a hard student.
Who`s a winner?
C. All are correct.
B. student - noun
D. Hard - adjective
C. All are correct
A. a - determiner
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2
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5
2. Your father / watch / TV / room / now /?
A. Is your father watching
TV in the room now?
B. Does your father watch TV in the room now?
D. Is your father watching TV
room now?
A. Is your father watching TV in the room now?
C. Is your father watch TV in the room now?
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2
3
4
5
Who`s a winner?
3. The party is at my house tonight.
B. S + V + Adverbial
B. S + V + Adverbial
D. S + V + O
C. S + V + complement
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2
3
4
5
A. S + V
Who`s a winner?
4. The weather is awful today.
Who`s a winner?
B. You`d better stay
inside.
C. You had not better
stay inside
D. You`d better stay outside.
B. You`d better stay inside.
A. You had better not
stay inside.
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2
3
4
5
5. I like the look of that.
Who`s a winner?
D. noun
B. preposition
D. noun
C. verb
A. adjective
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2
3
4
5
6. a / here / quiet / we / live / life.
B. Here we live life quiet.
D. We live here a quiet life.
C. We live a life quiet here.
A. We live a quiet life here.
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2
3
4
5
A. We live a quiet life here
Who`s a winner?
7. They speak English all over the world.
B. Adverbial
B. Adverbial
D. pronoun
C. Adjective
A. Object
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2
3
4
5
Who`s a winner?
IV. Homework:
- Learn by heart the structures.
- Do more exercises in grammar book.
WRITING
HOW TO WRITE A CORRECT SENTENCE?