Workshop

LAD
GRAMMAR WORKSHOP
Center for Language Development Across the Disciplines
LAD/FIPSE/FAR
What is a sentence?
A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.

Ex. This gift is for you.

Every sentence has two parts:
Subject
Predicate

Subject
The subject tells who or
what the sentence is about.

Complete subject:
My tutors are outstanding.

Simple subject:
Yvette is a tutor.
Predicate

Complete predicate:
words that tell what the subject is or does

Verb: the key word of
the complete predicate –
also known as simple predicate

Ex. The girl runs real fast.
Noun
A noun is the name of a person, a place, a thing, or an idea.
Computer
Table
Kinds of Nouns
Proper Noun
Mark
Common Noun
sun
Abstract Noun
love
Collective Noun
class
Plural Forms of Nouns
Regular Plural Nouns

Bus -------buses
Student- students
Irregular Plural Nouns

Leaf ------leaves
Child----- children
Woman-- women
City ------ cities



Pronouns

Kinds of Pronouns
Subject
Relative
Object
Interrogative
Possessive
Demonstrative
Reflexive
Intensive
A pronoun is a word that is used
in place of a noun.
Kinds of Pronouns
Subject Object Possessive Possessive Adjectives Pronouns
I Me My Mine
You You Your Yours
He Him His His
She Her Hers Hers
It It It Its
We Us Our Ours
You You Your Yours
They Them Their Theirs
Kinds of Pronouns
Reflexive Relative Interrogative Demonstrative
Myself That Who This
Yourself Which Whose That
Himself Who What These
Herself Whom Whom Those
Itself Whose Which
Ourselves
Yourselves
Themselves
Kinds of Pronouns
Indefinite

All Another Any Anybody
Anyone Anything Both Each
Either Everybody Everyone Everything
Few Many More Most
Much Neither Nobody None
No one One Other Several
Some Somebody Someone Something
Such
Kinds of Verbs
Action - Ex. Dive

Linking - Ex. Am

Helping or auxiliary -
Ex. have, do, be
Verb Tenses
Present
Past
Future
Present Progressive
Past Progressive
Future Progressive
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Future Perfect
Adjective
An adjective describes or modifies a noun or pronoun.
Answers the questions:
What kind?
I like the long, green rectangle.
Which one?
I want that dress.
How many?
I see twelve circles.
Adverb
A word that modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
Answers the questions:
When? I will see you tomorrow.
Where? The dog is outside.
How? She worked happily.
To what extent or degree? They swam deeper
into the ocean.
In what manner? Mary sang beautifully.
Prepositions
A word that shows a relationship between a noun or pronoun and some other words in the sentence.

Example:
The students of this university are dynamic.
List of Prepositions
Along
Among
Around
As
At
Before
Behind
Below
Beneath
Beside
Besides
Between
Beyond
By
Despite
Down
Except
For
From
In
Near
More Prepositions
Of
Off
On
Onto
Out
Outside
Over
Past
Since
Through
Till
To
Toward
Under
Underneath
Until
Up
Upon
With
Within
Without
Compound Prepositions
According to
As of
As well as
Aside from
Because of
By means of
In addition to
In front of
In place of
In regard to
In respect to
In spite of
Instead of
On account of
Out of
Prior to
Conjunction
A conjunction is used to join words or group of words

Kinds of conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions
Correlative conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions
Conjunctive Adverbs
Coordinating Conjunctions
A coordinating conjunction connects individual words or groups of words that perform the same function.

Ex. I dance and sing.
And
But
Or
Nor
For
Yet
Correlative Conjunctions
A correlative conjunction consists of two or more words that function together.

Ex. Either Bill or Mary wrote the poem.
Either...or
Neither…nor
Whether…or
Not only…but (also)
both…and
Subordinating Conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions introduce subordinate clauses, which are clauses that cannot stand by themselves as a complete thought.

The subordinate conjunction connects a subordinate clause to an independent clause, which can stand by itself.

Ex. We will go whale watching if we have time.
List of Subordinating Conjunctions

After
As
As long as
As soon as
Before
In order that
So that
That
Since
Until
When
Whenever
While
Time
Purpose
Time
List of Subordinating Conjunctions
Manner

As
As if
As though



Because

As
Than
Cause
Comparison
Subordinating Conjunctions of Condition
Conjunctive Adverbs
A conjunctive adverb is an adverb that functions somewhat like a coordinating conjunction.

Conjunctive adverbs usually connect independent clauses.
Conjunctive Adverbs
A semicolon precedes the conjunctive adverb, and a comma usually follows it.

Ex. I have to clean my room; therefore, I can’t go to the movies with you.
List of Conjunctive Adverbs
Accordingly
Also
Besides
Consequently
Finally
Furthermore
However
Indeed
Instead
Later
Moreover
Nevertheless
Otherwise
Still
Therefore
Thus
Interjection
An interjection is a word that expresses strong feelings

It is followed by an exclamation mark (!)
List of Common Interjections
Really!
Whoops!
Good grief!
Honestly!
Good!
Oh!
What!
Well!
Sh!
Ugh!
Alas!
Yes!
Ahem!
My!
Please!
No!
Unbelievable!
Congratulations!
My goodness!
Acknowledgments

Faculty Enrichment and Educational Technology Center

Zobeida Rosado
LAD
GRAMMAR WORKSHOP
Prepared by Professors Delia Serrano and Jennifer Soler
University of the Sacred Heart
Department of Humanities
copyright © August 2002