Word form

c¸ch thµnh lËp tõ (WORD FORMATION)
[A] : CÁCH THÀNH LẬP TÍNH TỪ ĐƠN. (Formation of simple adjectives)

Noun + suffix
 Adjectives

 -ful
Harmful, useful, successful, hopeful, helpful, peaceful…

 -less
Childless, odourless, careless, hopeless, harmless, useless…

 -ly
Manly, worldly, hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly,friendly…

 -like
Childlike, godlike, lifelike, ladylike, manlike…

 -y
Healthy, dirty, dusty, snowy, windy, rainy, cloudy, sunny, sandy…

 -ish
Childish, boyish, girlish, mannish, selfish…

 -al
Natural, national, industrial, agricultural, cultural, magical…

 -ous
Dangerous, courageous, poisonous, mountainous…

 -ic
Artistic, electric, electronic, alcoholic, economic…

 -able
Respectable, knowledgeable, reasonable…


[B] : CÁCH THÀNH LẬP DANH TỪ. (Formation of simple nouns)

Formula
 Nouns

Verb+ER/ OR / ANT
Teacher, manager, driver, actor, director, attendant, assistant…

Verb + ION / TION
Action, invention, construction, direction, revolution, decision…

Verb + MENT / AL
Development, appointment, refusal, removal, approval….

Verb + ING
Swimming, teaching, jogging, training, building…

Adj + NESS
Kindness, goodness, happiness, sadness, darkness, ilness….

Adj + TY
Safety, loyalty, cruelty, variety, ability, honesty….

Adj + TH
Length, depth, width, truth, warmth, strength…

Adj + DOM
Freedom, wisdom, boredom…

Noun + IST / IAN
Guitarist, novelist, violinist, musician, physician, historian…

Noun + ISM
Patriotism, capitalism, socialism, heroism…

Noun + SHIP
Friendship, leadership, scholarship, comradeship…

Noun + HOOD
Childhood, brotherhood, neighbourhood, parenthood…







[C]: CÁCH THÀNH LẬP ĐỘNG TỪ.

Formula
Verbs

DIS + verb
Dislike, disagree,discharge, disinvest, dislocate…

Mis + verb
Misunderstand, misread, mislead…

Out + verb
Outrun, outnumber, outweigh, outlive…

Over + verb
Overact, overpay, overheat, overturn, overchange…

Re + verb
Rewrite, reread, retell, recall…

Under + verb
Undercharge, underdevelop, underdo, underline, undersign…

Adj + EN
EN + Adj / Noun
Weaken, sharpen, tighten, loosen, shorten, foften…
enrich, enable, enlarge, encourage, endanger…

Noun / Adj + ISE / IZE
Sympathise, economise, socialize, memorize, industrialize…