VERB FORM

verb form
By trung truc
department of foreign languages
VERB FORMS
By TRUNG TRUC
HOW TO USE VERB FORMS?
TO + V ?
V ?
V-ING ?
P2 ?
The answer is in these slides.
TO +V
A. Subject : To walk in the moonlight is wonderful.
To be a doctor is her dream.
B. N+TO +V: Uncle Ho’s wish to reunify the country has come true.
She has much chance to practise English with foreigners.
C.V+TO+V: Everyone wants to have a happy life.
He seems to be tired.
D. Adj.+TO+V: It’s difficult to understand her.
I’m ready to help you.
E. Purpose: He jumped into the lake to save a little boy.
F.Passive voice : I was made to do that.
G. Structures: I used to smoke.
Practice
1. Nãi th× dÔ nh­ng lµm th× khã.
To say is easy but to do is difficult.
2.­íc m¬ vµo ®¹i häc cña anh Êy ®· trë thµnh hiÖn thùc.
His dream to enter University has come true.
3.B¹n muèn ®i víi tí kh«ng?
Do you want to go with me?
4. ChÞ Êy gÆp t«i ®Ó vay Ýt tiÒn.
She met me to borrow some money.
5. Nãi chuyÖn víi cËu th× ch¸n.
It’s boring to talk with you.
PRACTICE
1. Her plan to get married to a foreigner was broken.
2. I went to his house to borrow a book last night.
3. It’s boring to do homework.
To do homework is boring
4. To master English you should practise it regularly.
N+TO+V : Is there really any need to write a letter?
We shall never lose our determination to succeed.
Our decision to oppose the scheme was the right one..
There will be an opportunity to inspect the plans.

Some nouns in this pattern are:
ability decision intention proposal
agreement demand need refusal
ambition desire offer reluctance
dream plan request
anxiety determination preparations willingness
arrangement eagerness promise wish
attempt failure opportunity scheme
chance effort time.





V+TO+V : wish want
dream hope
like would like
dislike hate
start begin
continue stop
V+O+TO+V tell ask request
advise persuade allow
urge encourage force
remember - forget - try - manage - decide - seem -appear- pretend - tend - afford - promise - refuse -
* It’s + adj. +(for sb) + to +V ( It’s + adj + of +sb +to +V)
It’s easy for him to drive a car.
It’s kind of you to help me.
* Adj. + enough + to+v
The water is not hot enough to make tea.
Peter is strong enough to break the branch.
* too + Adj +to + v She is too young to get married.
* It’s a good idea + for +sb + to + v...
It’s a good idea for you to finish the course and get a qualification.
It’s a nuisance for tourists to have to get visas.
* S + be + adj. +to + V
They are ready to help us. She is sad to leave her child.
* It + take +sb + Q. of time +to + v
It takes me some minutes to get here.
* S + be + about + to + v
I was about to leave home when the telephone rang.
* S + be + going + to + v
It is going to rain.
* It’s time + to + v
It’s time to sit for the exams.
* S + be + to + v My plan is to find out her family history.
* S + V + Q.W + to + v I know how to use a computer. No one told us where to meet.
Alice wasn’t sure how much to tip the porter.

PRACTICE
Fill in the gaps with suitable verbs
1.I`d prefer to …….. at the back.
2.It`s a pity I missed that programme. I`d like to …….. seen it.
3.Don’t forget to………….my letter, Peter.
4.The weather seems to ……. getting worse.
5. There`s nothing to ………. excited about.
6. I didn`t expect you to ………… your mind suddenly.
7.You were lucky to …….. . You were the winner.
8. The government is planning to secretly ……. a new and more powerful weapon.
9. I need a vase to ……….. these flowers in.
10. He is going to………… for a job at this bank.


sit
have
post
be
win
get
change
test
put
apply
11.To .... this fridge takes ages. It`s very icy.
12.To .....down the invitation seems rude.
13.It`s a great mistake not to ... a holiday now and then.
14.Melanie`s ambition is to .... to Australia.
15.The important thing is not to......
16.The idea was to .... everybody.
17.I plan to ... India next year.
18.People are refusing to ... the new tax.
19.We decided to ... tennis.
20.The plane seemed to ... losing height.

defrost
turn
take
go
panic
surprise
visit
pay
play
be
BARE INFINITIVE
By Henry
Patterns with the bare infinitive
1.After a modal and auxiliary verb
We must learn English well.
Can a dog fly?
It didn`t rain any more.
You should finish the work on time.
What language does he speak?
Will Mary come here tomorrow?
2.Present simple with plural
We, I, you, they, Np + V
We eat with chopsticks.
Over and over I whisper your name
You speak English fluently.
All rivers flow into the sea.
3.Imperatives
Study, study more ,study forever.
Don`t go out. It`s raining.
Please, close the door.

4. V + O + V
+ make + O + V
Our teacher makes us do much homework.
Who made her cry?
Let + O + V
My father doesn’t let my sister go out at night.
Let him sing a song.
See/catch/ hear + O + V
I saw the boy jump over the fence.
They caught a man snatch her wallet while they were going to work.
I heard someone drop something in that room.
After had better, would rather/would sooner and rather than, except, but
We`d better not be late.
I didn`t enjoy it. I`d rather have stayed at home.
They decided to accept the offer rather than go to court
As for the housework, I do everything except cook.
You`ve done nothing but grumble all day.

PRACTICE
Translate into English
B¹n kh«ng nªn dïng cµ phª vµo buæi tèi.

Em trai cËu cã th­êng vÒ nhµ kh«ng?

H·y mØm c­êi c¶ khi ®au khæ nhÊt.

§õng ¨n qu¸ nhiÒu tr­íc khi ®i ngñ.

You shouldn’t have coffee in the evening
Does your younger brother often go home?
Smile even when you feel the most miserable.
Don’t eat too much before bedtime
Put everything in its place.
Let everything stay in its place.
2.She decides to live alone rather than marry him.
She doesn’t get married to him. She’d rather
stay single.
3.Why didn’t he ask you but asked me?
4.We must do our task seriously.

Fill in the gaps with the suitable verbs
1……the banana and eat it all.
2. …..if you don’t want to die.
3. Over and over I………..you again.
4. Remember to………the tree or it will die.
5. He can …..very fast. He is a good typist.
6. A porter has to……..luggage.
7. Can you ………..this sentence into Vietnamese?
8. …….the door but not push.
9. Nobody can………..his nose.
10. It is difficult to …………this tree. It is very high.
Peel
Stop
kiss
water
type
translate
Pull
lick
climb
carry
11. A baker has to…………………….cakes and bread.
12. Your beard is thick. You should……it.
13. Did James…….this song?
14. He’d better……… the number of cigarettes. It’s harmful to him.

15. ……………..to her for your bad words.
16. Everyone wants to…………..for this job.
17. Can a snake……………………? Of course, that is its main action.
18. We should ……the land with a hoe.
19. The water will………………....if you put it in the sun.
20. Water can’t………………...at 30 degrees centigrade.
bake/ make
shave
Compose/ sing
reduce/decrease
Apologize
apply
Crawl /bite
dig
evaporate
boil/freeze
V-ING

1. Subject: Walking is good for you.
Swimming is my favourite sport.
Travelling by plane makes me nervous.
2. Continuous tenses : BE + V- ING
We are learning English now.
He was sleeping when he heard a noise in his flat.
3. V + V-ing: V + O + V-ing
No one likes washing up.
Someone suggested going for a walk.
Do you mind waiting a moment?
We heard someone crying in that room.
4. N+ V-ing : I don’t like people telling lies. (who tell lies)
The boy standing over there is my friend. (who is standing over there)
5. As an adjective :
The film is boring
I often go to the swimming pool.
Could you lend me some typing paper?
6. Preposition + V-ing
Jake is thinking of selling his motorbike.
My husband isn’t very good at cooking.
She insisted on buying a new bike.
7.Instead of a clause of time
Living alone, Linda felt unhappy. (When she lived alone)
Having done my homework, I went out with my friends.
( When I had done)
I got in the house by breaking the window.
The waiting room is full of people.
There are a lot of people in the waiting room.
3. We were playing badminton at this time yesterday.
4. Writing in English is my habit.
PRACTICE
1. Nothing can prevent her from doing that.
2. Do you like swimming or running?
3. Think carefully before answering.
4. The students having library cards can borrow books.

He didn’t ( go ) with me last week.
George is ( dance ) over there. Can you see him?
(Write) books is his hobby.
Nobody wants ( buy) that hat.
(Write) carefully or nobody can (read) it.
How much is a pad of ( type) paper?
He’d rather not (choose ) that job.
It’s boring ( do) the same thing every day.
(Sit) on the riverside we thought of our future.
There’s a train ( leave) at 7 o’clock.
go
dancing
To write/ writing
to buy
Write / read
typing
choose
to do
Sitting
leaving
You shouldn’t (say) that.
Her plan ( get) married to a foreigner was broken.
Look , the river ( move) fast.
Don’t ( move) if you don’t want (die)
It is going (rain). (Take) your raincoat.
Daisy is bad at (play) chess.
Let Mary (go) with them.
The girl went to the library ( borrow) some books.
(have) a nice weekend !
Are they used to (live ) alone ?
say
to get
is moving
move/ to die
to rain/ Take
playing
go
to borrow
Have
living
Who can (answer ) this question?
She likes ( swim) in the sea.
(do ) this exercise carefully.
Her decision (leave) her home was wrong.
Shall we ( go ) for a picnic this weekend?
( kiss ) me, my dear.
I didn’t see the dog (run ) towards me.
( cook) is an art.
I’d like ( cook) a special food for you.
They enjoy ( skate ) in winter.
1.Answer 2. swimming 3. Do 4. to leave 5. go 6. kiss 7. running 8. cooking/ to cook 9. to cook 10. skating
Structures with -ing form
1.It’s + no + use + v-ing
good
point in
2. S + be + worth + v-ing
busy
3. There + be + pron/noun + v-ing
4. S + can’t help + v-ing
stand
bear
5. S + have + difficulty + v-ing
6. S + be/get + used + to + V-ing
1.There’s no use washing your motorbike. It’s raining.
2. This book is worth reading.
I’m busy doing my homework.
3. There’s someone coming here.
4. I can’t help laughing because of the funny story.
5. She has difficulty choosing her job.
6. We are used to driving on the right.
Practice
1. We have difficulty finding a job in this city.
2. She went out without saying a word.
3. Drawing pictures on the sand is difficult.
4. There’s no use doing that exercise. It isn’t in the programme of exam.
verb + v-ing
mind suggest imagine avoid like
dislike hate enjoy love prefer
start begin continue stop finish
postpone delay can’t help dread forget
remember feel like mean risk practise
Do you prefer listening to music ?
I remember giving you the book 2 days ago.
She avoids meeting him because she dislikes him.


PRACTICE
To + V or V-ing
1. He is said ( be) a good boy.
2. (Be ) patient is the good way.
3. Sorry. I don’t have time ( chat ) with you.
4. Her mother urges her ( get ) married.
5. When you finish ( read) the book, give it to the teacher.
6. She delays ( have ) children because she wants (study) more.
7. There’s no good ( do) that.
8. Is this book worth (read)?
9. Do you have anything (read)?
10. They said good bye to us, (wave) their hands.


To V, V, or V-ing
1. He was made…………..much housework. ( do )
2. David persuaded me………………part in that competition. ( take )
3………….….on the seaside alone is relaxing. ( walk )
4. …………. her in peace. She is poor. ( leave )
5. They never let their son ………….( smoke )
6. It took her an hour ………….. the letter. ( type)
7. Are you…………..? I don’t believe. ( joke )
8. Finally he could get the…………….licence. ( drive )
9. Never…………..so fast. (drive )
10. Over and over I……………your name. (whisper )
11. The dog barked …………..……..the cat. ( frighten )
12. There’s no good ……………..for Mary. She’s always late. (wait)
to do
to take
walking
leave
smoke
to type
joking
driving
drive
whisper
to frighten
waiting


past participle
1. Perfect Tenses
S + HAVE + P2
I have just caught a big fish.
Peter hadn`t finished his homework before going to school.
Will the bridge have been built by the end of 2008?
2. Passive Voice
S + BE + P2
The bridge was taken away by a flood.
Is it done in a minute?
Don`t touch the door .It has just been painted for some minutes.

Passive structures
S+ have + sth + p2
I had the room repainted last week.
Are you going to have your hair cut.?
S + WANT + O + P2
They wanted the snow cleared away.
3. As an adjective
We are going to have a written test tomorrow .
The rector is having a talk with graduated students.
4. Instead of a passive relative clause
The photographs taken yesterday are nice.
( The photographs which were taken yesterday are nice.)
I don’t like the vegetables grown in a greenhouse.
(I don’t like the vegetables which are grown in a greenhouse.)








PRACTICE
1. The cucumbers grown in a greenhouse aren’t good. ( delicious)
2. Her decision to go abroad is right.
3. Is there a swimming pool here?
4. Keep calm (down) in all situations.

verb + participle
1.The pattern We stood watching
We can use a participle after stand, sit, lie, go and run.
The whole family stood waving in the road.
Karen sat at the table reading a newspaper.
The girl lay trapped under the wreckage for three days.
People ran screaming for help.
The two actions, for example the standing and the waving, happen at the same time.
2. Go shopping and do the shopping
a. We use go/come + active participle to talk about some activities away from the
home, especially leisure activities.
I`d love to go swimming. We went riding yesterday.
Come cycling with us. Mac goes jogging every morning.

What have you just ( say)?
She went out without ( say ) a word.
I love you more than I can ( say).
The nurse (be) afraid of that patient because he was mad.
I need some ( write ) paper.
The letter will (be) (write) tomorrow.
In the past people (write) on the stone.
It’s boring (do) the gardening.
We are going to have a new house (build)
He (have ) some English books.
said
saying
say
was
writing
be / written
wrote
to do
built
has
Peter didn’t (go ) to the meeting yesterday.
Let’s ( go) out for a walk.
He isn’t here. He (go) to Paris.
It’s time we (go) to bed. It’s midnight.
Look at those black clouds. It’s (go) (rain).
My mother (go) to the shop 30 minutes ago.
Would you like (go) with me, Mary?
Kate (go) to school by car every day.
Where was your car (make)?
They went to the village (find ) something (eat).
go
go
has gone
went
going / to rain
went
to go
goes
made
to find / to eat
He doesn’t allow ( smoke) in his car.
Who allowed him (use) the office telephone for his private purpose.

3. Don’t you remember? I remember (give ) the book some days ago.

4. It’s unkind of them ( hang) Saddam Hussein.
5. I feel like (have) some beer now.
6. Never (believe) in what they write.
7. Her (break) dream made her depressed.
8. The notice (say) “ No smoking”.
9. Penguins are used to (swim) in cold water.
10. Mr. Smith (dig) a deep hole and put his gold in.
smoking
to use
giving
to hang
having
believe
broken
says
swimming
dug
b.We use do the + gerund for some kinds of work, especially housework.
I usually do the washing at the weekend.
Someone comes in to do the cleaning for us.
Have you done the ironing yet?
c.We can use do some..,do a lot of/a bit of...etc for both leisure and work.
I once did some surfing in California.
Jeff does a lot of cooking, doesn`t he?
I don`t do much fishing these days.
I`m afraid we`ve got a lot of tidying up to do.
1.Conjunction + participle
We can use an active or passive participle after when, whenever, while, once, until if and although.
You should wear gloves when using an electric saw.
Once opened, the contents should be consumed within three days.
Although expecting the news. I was greatly shocked by it.
This pattern is a little more formal than a finite clause such as when you use an electric saw. It is common in instructions.


2. Reason
A participle clause can express reason.
Crowds were waiting at the airport, hoping to see Madonna arrive.
(=... because they were hoping to see her arrive.)
Not feeling very well, James decided to lie down.
Having lost my passport, I have to apply for a new one.
The restaurant having closed, there was nowhere to eat.
Being rather busy, I completely forgot the time.
In the passive we can use a simple, continuous or perfect participle.
He died at thirty, struck down by a rare disease.
In summer the ducks have it easy, always being fed by tourists.
Having been renovated at great expense, the building looks magnificent.
We can use with before a participle clause with a subject.
With prices going up so fast, we can`t afford luxuries.
It was a large room, with bookshelves covering most of the walls.

3. An active participle after the main clause can express result
They pumped waste into the river, killing all the fish.
The film star made a dramatic entrance, attracting everyone`s attention.
4.Conditions
A participle clause can express 2 condition.
All being well, we should be home about six. (=If all is well...)
We plan to eat outside, weather permitting.
Taken daily, vitamin pills can improve your health.
5.Idioms
We can use a participle clause in some idiomatic phrases which comment on a statement or relate it to a previous one.
Strictly speaking, you can`t come in here unless you`re a club member.
Things don`t look good. But having said that, there are still grounds for optimism.
I`m going on a computer course next week. Talking of computers, ours broke down yesterday.