Use tense

Lesson 1: USE OF TENSES ( Söû duïng thì )

I./ Present : Hieän Taïi
1./ The present simple tense : thì hieän taïi ñôn .
S + V(inf) or V(s /es)
a,/ Usage (Caùch duøng )
- We use the present simple to talk about repeated actions or habits.
(Chuùng ta söû duïng thì hieän taïi ñôn ñeå noùi veà nhöõng haønh ñoäng laëp ñi laëp laïi hoaëc nhöõng thoùi quen ).
Eg : Most evenings my parent stay at home and watch T.V
He always goes to school at 6 o’clock.
- We use the present simple to talk about situations which are permanent (continuing for a long time).
Chuùng ta söû duïng hieän taïi ñôn ñeå noùi veà nhöõng tình huoáng coá ñònh laâu daøi ( tieáp tuïc trong thôøi gian daøi).
Eg : she lives in HaNoi .
-We use the present simple to talk about general truths.
(Chuùng ta söû duïng hieän taïi ñôn ñeå noùi veà nhöõng söï thaät hieån nhieân )
- Eg : yellow leaves fall in the autumn.
b,/ Form (Hình thöùc) :


Subject ( chuû ngöõ) Verb ( ñoäng töø )
The 3nd singular persons, the singular subjects.
( ngoâi thöù 3 soá ít, chuû ngöõ soá ít )
He, she, Nam, my father, his friend...
The other persons , the plural subjects
( caùc ngoâi khaùc, chuû ngöõ soá nhieàu )
I, we, you, they, his parents, Nam and Kha...
V(s /es)



V(inf)


Note :
1./ V(es) is used in the following case: ñoäng töø theâm es ñöôïc duøng trong tröôøng hôïp sau when the verb ends in ( khi ñoäng töø taän cuøng laø): O , S( sh ), X, Z, CH, Y.
2./ some adverbs which are often used in the present simple :moät soá traïng töø thöôøng söû duïng ôû
hieän taïi ñôn.
Always( luoân luoân), often( thöôøng),
usually/ generally( thöôøng thöôøng),
frequently( thöôøng xuyeân),
sometimes / occasionally / now and then ( ñoâi khi, thænh thoûang),
every( moïi, moãi),
seldom / rarely (it1khi, hiếm khi)
Once, twice, three times a day ( a week, a month...)
Moät, hai, hoaëc ba laàn trong 1 ngaøy, 1 tuaàn hoaëc 1 thaùng.....

2./The Present Continuous : Thi hieän taïi tieáp dieãn .
S + is/ are/ am + V.ing
We use the present continuous in the following cases : Chuùng ta söû duïng thì hieän taïi tieáp dieãn trong moät soá tröôøng hôïp sau .

a./ For an action happening at the moment of speaking : Moät haønh ñoäng dieãn ra taïi thôøi ñieåm
ta ñang noùi.
Eg : I’m teaching English now.

b./For an action happening around the present : Moät haønh ñoäng dieãn ra xung quanh hieän taïi.
Eg: 1.Robert is on holiday this week. He is staying his family.
2. Your children are growing up quickly.

c./ For a planned action in the near future: Moät haønh ñoäng ñaõ coù keá hoïach trong töông lai gaàn.

Eg : I’m meeting peter tonight.

d./ With always : very often ( raát thöôøng xuyeân ), too often, anger ( söï giaän döõ), irritation ( söï phaøn naøn ).
Eg: He is always losing his keys.
My sister is always using my things.

some adverds are used in the present continuous: Moät vaøi ñoäng töø thöôøng duøng ôû thì hieän
taïi tieáp dieãn
At present ( hieän taïi ),
at the moment, now ( ngay luùc naøy, baây giôø ), at the time ( luùc naøy ).
.

3./ The Present Perfect: Thì hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh .

S + ha s/have + V(3/ ed).

a. To talk about the something that started in the past and continues up to the present : Noùi veà ñieàu gì ñoù maø ñaõ baét ñaàu, xa ûy ra trong quùa khöù vaø coøn tieáp tuïc cho ñeán hieän taïi
- She has worked in London for six months ( she still works there now ).

b. To talk about action happening at an unspecified time in the past: Noùi veà ñieàu ñang dieãn ra
taïi moät thôøi ñieåm khoâng xaùc ñònh roõ raøng quùa khöù.
- They have moved to the new apartment.

c. To talk about the result of a past action connecting to the present : Noùi veà keát quûa cuûa haønh ñoäng trong quùa khöù vaø vaãn coøn lieân quan ñeán hieän taïi.
- Someone has broken the window.(the window is now broken )
+ Some adverds are often used in this tense : Moät soá traïng töø thöôøng duøng trong thì naøy :

Just ( vöøa môùi ), Already (roài