Unit 6. Viet Nam: Then and now. Lesson 1. Getting started

Look at the pictures and guess the main topic of the following pictures.
Lesson 1: Getting started
OUR SCHOOL IN THE PAST
Unit 6 - VIET NAM : THEN AND NOW
Answer the following questions:
Who can you see in the picture?
Where do you think they are?
Is there anything in the small pictures on the wall related to past and present?
1. Listen and read
Duong: Can you believe it’s the school’s 60th anniversary?
Phuc: I know! I really like the photo exhibition. It’s fascinating to see how the school used to look.
Duong: Right! The photos explain a lot about our school in the past.

Tom: Look – these two pictures were taken in 1970.
Phuc: Wow, that long ago? The school looks more like thatched houses with paddy fields all around. You can see there were only a few classrooms and the walls were made of mud and straw and, look – trenches!

Duong: I think that was during the war so it was necessary to have the trenches right there.
Tom: Ha… the students in this picture are wearing rubber sandals and straw hats.

Nhi: Hey, and these pictures were taken in 1985. Look at the broken tiled roof and wooden window frames… and some of them are missing.
Duong: Yes, I can’t imagine how those students could study in such poor conditions!

Phuc: Right! Things have improved considerably now. We have everything… comfortable classrooms, learning facilities like computer rooms…
Nhi: Yeah, we also have nice uniforms and proper shoes. We’re much luckier these days… But, I’m not sure our grades are better…
1a. Put a word/phrase from the box under each picture.
thatched house
facilities
tiled roof
rubber sandals
photo exhibition
trench
1
2
3
4
5
6
thatched house
facilities
tiled roof
trench
rubber sandals
photo exhibition
1b. Find a word in the conversation that means:

1. celebration of an important year
2. very interesting
3. not there
4. situations
5. got better
6. real


= anniversary
= fascinating
= missing
= conditions
= improved
= proper
1. The school was founded at the beginning of the 20th century.
2. The school was initially surrounded by paddy fields.
3. During the 1970s, the students were well dressed.
4. The students in the 1980s learnt better than in the 1970s.
5. The school now is much better equipped.

1c. Read the statements and decide whether the information is true (T) or false (F), or not given (NG).
Statements
F
NG
T
√
√
√
√
√
1. The school was founded in the 1960s.

3. During the 1970s, the students wore
rubber sandals and straw hats.

1d. Read the conversation again and answer the questions.
When does the conversation take place?
- ____________________________________________

2. Why does Phuc say the photo exhibition is fascinating?
- ____________________________________________

3. What was unusual about the school in 1970?
- ____________________________________________

4. How was the school in 1985?
- ____________________________________________

5. What can the students learn from the photo exhibition?
- ____________________________________________
The conversation takes place on the school’s 60th anniversary.
Because it explains a lot about how the school was in the past.
There were trenches outside the classrooms.
The roof was made of tiles and some tiles were broken. The window
frames were made of wood and some of them were missing.
They can learn that they are lucky to have such great learning facilities
nowadays.
Remember!
When we want to describe changes, we can use adjectives to modify nouns and adverbs to modify verbs:







Example:
-There have been changes considerable in the last decade.
Our environment has been gradually polluted.



2. Complete each sentence with a word from the REMEMBER! box which has the same meaning as the words in brackets.
1. There have been _____________ differences in the country’s policies as compared to two years ago. (minor)
2. The traffic system in Ha Noi has been _____________ upgraded over the last ten years. (suddenly and to a great degree)
3. Vietnamese people’s lives have been _____________ improved. (enough to make a difference)
4. There have been _____________ changes in the way people work. (quite large)
5. There has been a ____________ increase in people’s income over the last ten years. (little by little)
slight
dramatically
significantly
considerable
gradual
3. Interview your teacher about the features of your school when she/he started teaching here. Then use the information provided to talk about the changes to your school.
You can talk about:
+ the school principal and school teachers
+ the school playground
+ the library
+ the computer room
+ the classroom
Homework
Learn new word by making some sentences
Prepare “A Closer look 1”
Unit 6 - VIET NAM : THEN AND NOW
Lesson 2: A Closer Look 1
1. Put one word/phrase under each picture.
underpass
flyover
skytrain
tunnel
tram
elevated walkway
1
2
3
4
5
6
tram
flyover
elevated walkway
skytrain
underpass
tunnel
2. Fill in each blank with a suitable word 1,
making them plural where necessary.
1. Hai Van ___________ is 6.28 km long.
2. Thanks to the _______________, pedestrians can be much safer.
3. A ___________ is a bridge that carries one road over another one.
4. The railroad track that runs overhead is known as a ___________.
5. A road or path that goes under another road or railroad track is called an ___________.
6. The clanging sound of the Ha Noi ___________ in the 1970s has gone deep into people’s collective memory
underpass
flyover
skytrain
tunnel
tram
elevated walkway
tunnel
elevated walkway
flyover
skytrain
underpass
tram
3. Match each word/phrase in the left column
with the definition in the right one.
parents and children living together as a family unit
1. extended family
2. tolerant
3. cooperative
4. sympathetic
5. obedient
b. able to accept what other people say or do even if you do not agree with it
c. willing to do what you are told to do
d. kind to somebody who is hurt or sad; showing that you understand and care about their problems
e. working together with others towards a shared aim
Word/phrase
Definition
f. more than two generations living together as a family unit
6. nuclear family
4. Fill each gap with a word/phrase in 3.
1. Our grandparents used to live in an ___________.
2. My mother is a ___________ woman. She always cares about how we feel.
3. The boys are willing to do what you want them to. They are really ___________.
4. She is ___________ with her children even when they misbehave.
5. Nowadays the ___________ is becoming more common in the cities.
6. Having students work in groups, she hoped they
could learn to be ___________.
extended family
tolerant
cooperative
sympathetic
obedient
nuclear family
extended family
sympathetic
obedient
tolerant
nuclear family
cooperative
Pronunciation
Stress on all the words in sentences
Typically, a sentence has one word or syllable that is
stressed more strongly than the rest of the stressed
syllables on the content words. However, in some
sentences used to show urgency or surprise, all the
words are important. Therefore, we put stress on
one syllable of each word. Sentences with all the
words stressed may have the patterns below:

OO Watch out! OoO Hurry up!
OOo Say sorry! OOO Don’t come back!
I know!
That long?
Don’t cry!
Go away!
Keep going!
Don’t turn left!
Be quiet! OOo
Don’t turn right! OOO
Wake up! OO
Smile please! OO
Don’t worry! OOo
Look ahead! OoO
Don’t talk! OO
Get up! OO
Say cheese! OO
Don’t cry! OO
Look out! OO
Homework
Make mindmap with new words learnt
Practice pronunciation
Prepare “A Closer look 2”
Unit 6 - VIET NAM : THEN AND NOW
Lesson 3: A Closer Look 2
Warm-up :
Change the word into part participle
Be
Have
See
Spend
Live
Travel
Play
Experience




Been
Had
Seen
Spent
Lived
Traveled
Played
Experienced
1. Fill in each blank with the past perfect form of
the verb in brackets.
1. Before the 1990s, trams (be) ___________ a popular
means of transport in Ha Noi.
2. I won the game because I (play) ___________ it a lot with my brother.
3. How long ______ you (use) ______ your mobile
phone before it broke down?
4. Before the invention of television, people ______
only (see) ______ films at the cinema.
5. Before the 1990s, Viet Nam (have) ___________ an old banking system.
6. Viet Nam (experience) _____________ decades of fighting for freedom before the country became totally
independent.
had been
had played
had
used
had
seen
had had
had experienced
2. Ask and answer the following questions using the cues.
1. - What/family groups/Vietnamese people/live in before 1990?
- They/live/extended family.

2. - How/people in Viet Nam/travel/before the first motorbike/imported?
- They/travel/bicycle.

3. - How/Vietnamese people/live/before the open-door policy in 1986?
- They/had/harder life.

4. - Where/your family/spend/holidays/before 2005?
- We/holidays/Viet Nam/only/before then.

5. -Who/rule/Viet Nam right before the Tran dynasty?
- Ly Chieu Hoang/rule/before the Tran dynasty.
Example:
How long had King Duc Duc ruled our country before he was overthrown?
He had ruled the country for only three days.
2. Ask and answer the following questions using the cues.
1.-What family groups had Vietnamese people lived in before 1990?
- They had lived in extended families.
2. -How had people in Viet Nam travelled before the f rst motorbike was imported?
- They had travelled by bicycle.
3. -How had Vietnamese people lived before the open-door policy in 1986?
- They had had a harder life.
4. -Where had your family spent holidays before 2005?
- We had spent our holidays only in Viet Nam before then.
5. -Who had ruled Viet Nam right before the Tran dynasty?
- Ly Chieu Hoang had ruled the country before the Tran dynasty.
Example:
How long had King Duc Duc ruled our country before he was overthrown?
He had ruled the country for only three days.
Adjective + to-infinitive/Adjective + that-clause
Read this part of the conversation from GETTING
STARTED. Pay attention to the underlined part.
Phuc: Wow, that long ago? The school looks... and the walls were made of mud and straw and, look – trenches!
Duong: I think that was during the war so it was
necessary to have the trenches right there.
1. It + be + adjective + to-infinitive is used to emphasise information by bringing it to the front of the clause. We can add for/of + noun/pronoun.
Example: It is necessary (for you) to know about your country’s history.
2. Subject + be + adjective + to-infinitive is used to express emotions, confidence, or worries... Adjectives can be happy, glad, pleased, relieved, sorry, certain, sure, confident, convinced, afraid, annoyed, astonished, aware, conscious.
Example: I was happy to hear from you.
3. Subject + be + adjective + that-clause is used to express emotions (glad, pleased, relieved, sorry), confidence, or worries (certain, sure, confident, convinced, afraid, annoyed, astonished, aware, conscious).
Example: I was glad that you gained the scholarship.
3. Match the first half of the sentence in A with
the second half in B.
4. Fill in each blank with one adjective from the
box. More than one adjective can be used.
1. I was ___________ to meet my best friend yesterday.
2. He is ___________ to have so little time for his family.
3. They were ___________ to finish their last performance.
4. She’s ___________ to get the job. The interview went
really well.
5. The mother was _______________ to hear that her smart son failed the exam.
6. All the students were ____________ to have passed the exams.
glad sure sorry certain confident
astonished pleased relieved surprised
glad/pleased
sorry
sorry/pleased
sure/certain
surprised/astonished
relieved/pleased
5. Create one sentence by combining each pair of sentences using subject + be + adjective + that-clause.
1. We did well in the exam. We were relieved about that.
We _____________________________________________________________.
2. I am sorry about the school facilities our parents had. They were very poor.
I _______________________________________________________________.
3. Everyone was glad. The government had decided to invest more in education.
Everyone ________________________________________________________.
4. It will be much safer to have elevated walkways and underpass systems for pedestrians. Everyone is aware of this.
Everyone ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________.
5. Life in the countryside has improved considerably. All of us are delighted about that.
All of us _________________________________________________________.
Example:
The traffic problems of the city had been solved. The Prime Minister was pleased.

→ The Prime Minister was pleased that the traffic problems of the city had been solved.
were relieved that we had done well in the exam
am sorry that our parents had very poor school facilities
was glad that the government had decided to invest more in education
is aware that it will be much safer to have elevated walkways and underpass systems for pedestrians
are delighted that life in the countryside has improved considerably
6. Finish the following sentences using your own ideas. Then compare your ideas with a partner.
1. It was kind of them ____________________________.

2. They were certain to ___________________________.

3. She is confident that ___________________________.

4. He was afraid that _____________________________.

5. The teachers are aware that _____________________.

6. The head teacher was astonished to_______________.

to support the victims after the disaster.
be able to build the country into a
powerful one.
Viet Nam has good potential for tourism.
there would be less land for agriculture in
Viet Nam.
non-academic subjects are also
significant.
learn that some of his
students could not get scholarships.
Homework
Make sentences with new structures
Prepare “Communication”
Unit 6 - VIET NAM : THEN AND NOW
Lesson 4: Communication
Talk about recent changes in our neighbourhood.
Example:
Our neighbourhood has dramatically changed for 10 years.
Before there was mostly agricultural production, but there is more industrial production now…
suffer:
exporter:
illiteracy:
mushrooming:
experience something unpleasant, such as injury, defeat, or loss
a person, company, or country that sells goods to another country
inability to read and write
a metaphor verb showing something that grows
or develops fast in terms of number and speed
1. Read the posts on Viet Travel Forum (VTF) from
people who visited Viet Nam a long time ago.
3. Work in groups. Use the suggestions in the table to write as many posts as possible about the recent changes in Viet Nam that you have heard of or read about. Remember to use adjectives or adverbs to modify the changes.
Which of the changes do you think are the most beneficial?
I think there have been considerable changes in the way people work in our country for over ten years. There is more technology and equipment than before in our country…
Homework
Write about the changes of your neighborhood
Prepare “skills 1”
Unit 6 - VIET NAM : THEN AND NOW
Lesson 5: Skills 1
1. Work in pairs to answer the following questions.
What are the things in the pictures?

2. When and where can you see them?

-_____________________________
3. How different are they?
The first picture shows an old tram. The second picture shows a modern train.
The tram would have been seen in a town or city. These trains can be seen
nowadays in big, modern cities.
+ the first has fewer compartments (two or three) than the second (four).
+ the first runs much more slowly.
+ the first is not air-conditioned while the second is.
+ the first runs along tracks on the ground at street level, while the second runs on elevated tracks.
+ the first is powered by overhead electricity wires, while the second runs on electromagnetics.
2. Now read the article from a travel magazine.
Now, after more than 20 years, the population of Ha Noi has risen from about two million people to more than six million people; therefore, the number of vehicles on the roads has increased dramatically. To meet the increasing travel demands, Ha Noi is launching its first skytrain system, connecting Cat Linh and Ha Dong. The system is expected to begin operations by 2016, with initial four-compartment skytrains. Furthermore, a new rail system project including around eight kilometres of skytrain rail and four kilometres of subway rail, connecting Ha Noi Central Station and Nhon, has also been under construction and is expected to be completed in a few years.
Ha Noi had its first tramways in 1900. The tram system was a major means of transport in the city for nine decades and thus the image of the tram and its clanging sounds have gone deep into the hearts and minds of Hanoians. Since it was convenient and cheap to get around the city and to the suburban areas by tram, the system was very popular. However, due to the population boom and the need for a wider road system, the last rail track was removed.
.

THE TRAM SYSTEM IN HA NOI: THEN AND NOW
Then answer the questions that follow.
1. In which century was the tram system built?
- ________________________________________________
2. What was the role of the tram system in Ha Noi?
- ________________________________________________
3. When was the system removed?
- ________________________________________________
4. What has happened to Ha Noi’s population over the last two decades?
- ________________________________________________
5. How has the tram system in Ha Noi been improved recently?
- ________________________________________________
6. Which of the transport systems do you think is more impressive to Hanoians?
- ________________________________________________
In the 20th century.
It was a major means of transport for Hanoians.
In 1990.
The population has increased dramatically.
New rail systems including a skytrain and a subway are under way.
I think ...
3. Decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
√
√
√
√
√
4. Work in pairs. List different types of traditional and modern transport systems in Viet Nam.
Past
Present
4. Work in pairs. List different types of traditional and modern transport systems in Viet Nam.
Unit 6 - VIET NAM : THEN AND NOW
Lesson 6: Skills 2
extended family
three generations
shared
their day
their work
things happening
to be tolerant
talk
listen
compromise
√
√
√
√
√
√
( Nick: I can’t imagine! )
( Nick: It sounds great. )
Unit 6 - VIET NAM : THEN AND NOW
Lesson 7: Looking Back
1. Complete the following word web with
transport systems in Viet Nam then and now.
TRANSPORTATION
THEN and NOW
earthen road
concrete road
2. Fill in each blank with one word/phrase.
1. She lived in a(n) _____________ family, so she didn’t have much privacy.
2. We live in a ____________ family with only my parents and me.
3. Our children didn’t have good learning _____________ like computers, CD players, or laboratories during the 1980s.
4. ______________ used to be an image associated with our soldiers in the past.
5. Classrooms made of mud and straw with ___________
all around used to be common in Viet Nam during the war.
extended family
nuclear
facilities
Rubber sandals
trenches
3. Read the passage and fill in each blank with
a suitable word from the box.
I used to go to a school for the gifted in Ho Chi Minh City. My house was far away, so I had to live with my relatives. It was an (1) ___________ family with ten people and a cousin of my age. My mother was worried because I came from a (2) ___________ family– much smaller and less complicated. I was a very (3) ___________ girl – the type of person who never does what they are told. I was even envious when my cousin got higher grades. Luckily, my relatives were actually very (4) ___________ and (5) ___________, and my cousin herself was a (6) ___________ girl. She didn’t get too upset by my bad behaviour. Just as (7) ___________ as her mother, she was ready to lend a hand in my study and to take care of me when I was ill. After three years with them, I also learnt that to get along with members in a big family, I should learn how to (8) ___________.
tolerant disobedient sympathetic nuclear
caring understanding extended share
extended
nuclear
disobedient
understanding
sympathetic
tolerant
caring
share
4. Complete the sentences with appropriate adjectives.
1. It is _________________ to value the improved living conditions we have today
2. She was _________________ the skytrain system would solve the traffic problems in the city.
3. The government is _________________ that our education system will be improved significantly by the year 2020.
4. We are all __________________ that pollution is getting more and more serious.
5. We were _________________ to have heard about the poor living conditions back then.
6. I am _________________ that the clanging sounds of the trams in Ha Noi will stay in our hearts forever.
necessary/important
sure/certain/hopeful
sure/certain/confident
sorry/sure
sorry
convinced/sure/certain
5. Correct the italised text where necessary.
We had finally finished the school year and Trang asked me to go to Da Nang by train with her. I thought that (1) it was dangerous to go by ourselves since we were just fifteen. But Trang (2) was confident that she take me there safely. Moreover, our (3) parents were too busy to go with us, so they (4) were happy let us go. They even took us to Ha Noi Station and left us there with all the luggage and tickets. I (5) was still worried that we would get lost, but Trang (6) was pleased to be allowed to go on her own. We both (7) felt that it was more convenient to go by night train because we could sleep during the night. When we arrived, I (8) was astonished that the city be very different from what I saw five years earlier, and I was so relieved that we had arrived safe and sound as she promised.
1. no change
2. take → could take
3. no change
5. no change
6. no change
7. no change
8. be → was
4. let → to let
6. Role-play. Interview a travel agent about Vietnamese people’s holiday trends before and after 2000. Use the cues in the table for your interview. You may use the example to get you started.
PROJECT
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