Unit 5 life lines quyển b

Welcome to the presentation Today
Group 2
Group 2
1. Hoàng Văn Minh
2. Bùi Minh Quang
3.Trần Thế Sang
4. Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Anh
5. Trần Hương Giang
HaNoi Medical College
DS6B Class
Mục Tiêu Bài Học :
1. Hiểu thêm về so sánh hơn và so sánh hơn nhất
2. Cách gọi tên một số loại quần áo có hình thức số nhiều
3. Biết thêm về cấu tạo, chức năng của mắt và cách sử dụng cấu trúc “as….as’’
4. Cách sử dụng của “too/enough”

Unit 5: Comparisons
Grammar: Comparatives and superlatives
(So sánh hơn và so sánh hơn nhất)
Comparatives (So sánh hơn)
Example:
● He is shorter than me.
● Peter drives more carefully than Jack.
1.1. Use:
- So sánh hơn là để so sánh giữa 2 người hoặc 2 vật. Trong câu thường sử dụng “than”.
1.2. Form
Đối với Adj/ Adv một âm tiết (tall, short, hard, fast …)
và các Adj 2 âm tiết tận cùng là –y,-er,-et,-ow, -1 phụ âm + le. (happy, clever, quiet, narrow, simple … )
He is taller than me
He runs faster than her.
She is happier than her sister.
This exercise is simpler than that one.
Adj/Adv – er + than
Adj - er
S + V + + than + O
Adv-er
Note:
Adj tận cùng là –y => -i + er
Adj một âm tiết kết thúc bằng: 1ng.âm + 1 phụ âm thì ta nhân đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm –er.
Hot => hotter
Big =>bigger
b. Đối với Adj/ Adv 2 âm tiết và 3 âm tiết trở lên ( trừ các Adj 2 âm tiết có tận cùng là –y,-er,-et,-ow, 1 phụ âm + le)
Travelling by plane is more expensive than travelling by car.
Peter drives more carefully than Jack.
more + adj/adv + than
Adj
S + V + more + + than + O
Adv
c. Một số Adj/Adv bất quy tắc
Bad/badly => worse : xấu, tồi, kém
Good/well => better : tốt, giỏi
Little => less : ít
Much/many => more : nhiều
Far => farther/further : xa
Old => older (so sánh giữa người ngoài hoặc vật)
elder (so sánh giữa người trg gia đình)
She looks elder than her sister.
He studies worse than me
Exercise 1:Use the comparative
1. I speak English (fluently) …………………… now than last year
2. She smiled (happily) ………………. than before
3. Planes can fly (high) …………. than some kinds of birds
4. He had an accident last year. Now, he drives (carefully) ………………………… than before
5. Jim can run (fast) ………………. than John
6. He worked (hard) ……………….. than ever before
7. I have never had a (delicious) ………………………meal than that
8. A new house is (expensive) …………………… than an old one
9. His job is (important) ……………………..than mine
10. Nobody is (happy) ………………..than Miss Snow
higher
more fluently
more happily
more carefully
faster
harder
more delicious
more expensive
more important
happier
Exercise 3: Multiple choice – Choose the best answer
1. Exercises in this book are (difficult/ easy/ more difficult/ easily) than those in that book
2. Room 2 is (more dark/ darkest/ darker/ most dark) than Room 1
3. My bag is more (cheaper/ expensive/ cheap/ expensively) than hers
4. This hat is (cheap/ cheaper/ cheapest) than that one
5. I drink (little/ less/ few) coffee than you
6. The farmers today are (richer/ poorer/ more/ less powerful) than they used to be
2. Superlatives
2.1. Use
So sánh hơn nhất dùng để so sánh từ 3 đối tượng trở lên
$10
$15
The hat is cheaper than the shoes
The watch is more expensive than the shoes
The hat is the cheapest of the three things.
The watch is the most expensive of the three things.
$9
hat
shoes
watch
2.2. Form
Đối với Adj / Adv một âm tiết và Adj hai âm tiết tận cùng là –y, -er, -et ,-ow, - một phụ âm + le )
February is the shortest month in the year.
Mary is the happiest of the three sisters.
The Vietnamese athlete is running the fastest of all .
the + adj -est
the + adj -est
the + adv -est
the + adj / adv -est
adj –est in + N
S + V + the + or + of + N
adv –est clause
She is (nice) ………………. girl I have ever met.
the nicest
b. Đối với Adj hai âm tiết ( không có tận cùng là –y, -er, -et, -ow, 1 phụ âm + le), và các Adj / Adv từ 3 âm tiết trở lên.
Dick is the most careful of the three workers
the most + adj
That child behaves the most carelessly of all
the most + adv
the most + adj / adv
adj in + N
S + V + the most + or + of + N
adv clause
It’s (difficult)………………………….. decision I’ve ever made in years
the most difficult
2.3. Note
Những Adj/ Adv tận cùng là –e thì chỉ cần thêm –st.
nice => nicest , wide => widest
Những Adj tận cùng là –y thì đổi – y => -i + est.
happy => happiest , easy => easiest
Những Adj/Adv một âm tiết tận cùng là 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm thì nhân đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm est.
big => biggest , hot => hottest
# quiet => quietest
2.4. Irregular adjectives and adverbs
Bad / badly => worst
Good / well => best
Little => least
Much/many => most
Far => farthest / furthest
Old => oldest (so sánh giữa người ngoài và các vật)
eldest (so sánh giữa người trong gia đình)
He is the (bad) ……………. boy in the class
Peter is the (good) ………………. student in the school
worst
best
Use the superlative form of the words in brackets

1. He is (intelligent) ……………………….student I have ever met
2. This girl dances (gracefully)………………………… of all
3. Our team played (well)………………….. of all
4. Phil is the (clever) ………………..person I know
5. I stayed at (cheap)……………………….. hotel in this town
6. What’s (long)………………… river in the world?
7. It was an awful day. It was (bad) ……………….day of my life
8. Mr and Mrs Brown have got three daughters. (Old)…………… is 14 years old
9. In my class Hoa is (beautiful) ……………………………
10. Bush is (delightful) …………….………….person I have ever known
the most intelligent
the most gracefully
the best
The eldest
most clever
the cheapest
the longest
the worst
the most beautiful
the most delightful
Write sentences using this information
Germany / rich / country / European Union / . /
Germany is the richest country in the European Union.
2. The Nile / long / river / world / . /
The Nile is the longest river in the world.
3. Maria / good / student / our class / . /
Maria is the best student in our class.
4. My parents / wonderful / people / world / . /
My parents are the most wonderful people in the world
5. Mont Blanc / high / mountain / Europe / . /
Mont Blanc is the highest mountain in Europe.
6. Tim / young / person / the Carlton family / . /
Tim is the youngest person in the Carlton family.
7. Brazil / successful / football team / world / . /
Brazil is the most successful football team in the world.
8. Jupiter / large / planet / the solar system / . /
Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system.
9. Alaska / big / state / the USA / . /
Alaska is the biggest state in the USA.

3. Practice
Task 1: Look at the quiz. Complete the sentences with the words
Lead / iron / gold (heavy)
Lead is heavier than iron but gold is the heaviest.
2. The Earth / Mars / Venus (far from the Sun)
The Earth is further from the Sun than Venus, but Mars is the furthest.
3. Christianity / Islam / Buddhism (old religion)
Christianity is an older religion than Islam, but Buddhism is the oldest.
4. Canada / China / Russia (big)
Canada is bigger than China, but Russia is the biggest.
5. A jet engine /A diesel engine / A rocket engine (powerful)
A jet engine is more powerful than a diesel engine, but a rocket engine is the most powerful.
6. Rio de Janeiro /Cairo / Singapore (close to equator)
Rio de Janeiro is closer to the equator than Cairo but Singapore is the closest.
Task 2: Here are some more general knowledge questions

- Complete them, putting the adjectives in brackets in the comparative or superlatives
- Answer the questions with a partner
Which is ………..…………(high) mountain in the world?

Which is …….....…………(big) island in the world?

Which elephant has ……..…..(big) ears, the African or the Indian elephant?
Which country has ……..………..…(large) population in the world?

Which animal is ………..……(fast), a cheetar or a lion?

Which is ….………………….…..(ancient) monument in the world?

Which is ………..………………………(intelligent) animal in the world?
the highest
Mount Everest
Greenland island
the biggest
China
The African
A cheetar
The Pyramids
The chimpanzee, but dolphin is intelligent, too
bigger
the largest
faster
the most ancient
the most intelligent


Unit 5: Comparisons(cont)
II. Vocabulary: Clothes
Clothes
Task 1: Work in pairs and match the words to the pictures
II. Vocabulary: Clothes
shirt socks jumper skirt
coat tie blouse cap
bra tracksuit vest shorts
jacket trousers jeans
shoes dress tights
hat trainers T-shirt
boots sandals stockings
knickers underpants
swimsuit
1. socks
3.T-shirt
2. cap
26.jumper
4.shorts
5. tie
8.jacket
6. boots
12.trousers
10.underpants
7.stockings
14.tracksuit
11.Vest
9.shirt
18.shoes
15.skirt
16.dress
13.swimsuit
25.tights
24.blouse
23.trainers
21.bra
22.knickers
20.jeans
19.hat
17.coat
27.sandals
Task 2: Work in group. Organize the words into these categories:
Things that you wear: - on your head
- above your waist
- below your waist
- on your feet
shirt
socks
jumper
skirt
coat
tie
blouse
shorts
vest
tracksuit
bra
trousers
jacket
jeans
cap
T-shirt
trainers
hat
shoes
dress
tights
swimsuit
underpants
knickers
stockings
sandals
boots
2. Language focus: Clothes with plural names
A: Do you like this shirt?
B: Yes, how much is it?
A: It’s £25.
A: Do you like these jeans?
B: Yes, how much are they?
A: They’re £45.
Clothes with plural names: jeans, socks, shorts, shoes, tights, trainers, boots, sandals, stockings, knickers, underpants.
► Tên một số loại quần áo có hình thức số nhiều đi kèm với mạo từ số nhiều (these,those,some,any…) và động từ chia ở số nhiều.
► Khi muốn nói đến số lượng của các loại quần áo này ta sử dùng “a pair/pairs of” ( pair : cặp , đôi)
a pair of jeans / two pairs of jeans
a pair of shoes / three pairs of shoes


Unit 5: Comparisons (cont)
III. Reading: Eye to eye
I. Before you read
Eye colours
brown
blue
green
red
pink
Eye signals
Happy
sad/unhappy
angry
surprised
interested
disappointed
excited
► Label the diagram with these words. Which is each part of the eye for?
eyelid
eyelash
pupil
iris
retina
Optic nerve
2. While you read
New words
Para 1 basic [’beisik] (adj)
albino [ӕl’bi:nəʊ] (n)
rare [reə] (adj)
sensitive [’sensitiv] (adj)
Para 2 flexible [’fleksəbl] (adj)
Para 3 sense [sens] (n)
unconcious [˄n’kɒnʃəs] (adj)
dilate [dai’leit] (v)
wink [wiŋk] (v)
mysterious [mis’tiəriəs] (adj)
hide [haid] (v)
Cơ bản, thiết yếu
Người bạch tạng
Hiếm
Nhạy cảm
Linh hoạt, linh động
Giác quan
Không ý thức được
Làm giãn, mở rộng
Nháy mắt
Huyền bí, bí ẩn
Giấu, che giấu
Para 4 proportion [prə’pɔ:ʃn] (n)
eye shadow [ai ‘ʃӕdəʊ] (n)
dramatic [drə’mӕtik] (adj)
Para 5 especially [is`pe∫əli] (adv)
intimate [’intimət] (adj)
gaze [geiz] (v)
delicate [’delikət] (adj)
Tỷ lệ
Phấn mắt
Gây ấn tượng mạnh
Đặc biệt là
Thân mật
Nhìn chằm chằm
Thanh nhã, thanh tú
b. Read the text
Task 1:Work in group, read the text and answer the questions
Why are brown eyes more common in hotter parts of the world?

2. Why does your eyesight get worse as we get older?

3. Why are our eyes so important to us?

4. How do someone’s eyes show whether they like something?

5. Why do people wear make-up?

6. People normally don’t look at each other in lifts?

Group 1,4,6,8,
Para 1,2 (answer the questions 1+2)
Group 2,5,7,11 :
Para 3 (answer the questions 3+4)
Group 3,12,10,9:
Para 4,5 (answer the questions 5+6)
b. Read the text
Task 1:Work in group, read the text and answer the questions
Why are brown eyes more common in hotter parts of the world?
Because brown eyes are less sensitive to light
2. Why does your eyesight get worse as we get older?
Because the lens is less flexible and the eye muscles are weaker.
3. Why are our eyes so important to us?
Because we receive 80% of our information about the world through our eyes, and send signals to other people
4. How do someone’s eyes show whether they like something?
His or her pupils get bigger
5. Why do people wear make-up?
To make their eyes look bigger, and more dramatic
6. People normally don’t look at each other in lifts?
Because eye contact can be very threatening or very intimate.
Task 2: Read the missing sentences and write the number of each sentence in the correct place.
But when we don’t like something, they become smaller.
This is why lovers gaze into each other’s eyes.
Many people believe that blue eyes are more delicate than brown eyes.
Pictures in the Pyramids show that the ancient Egyptians – both men and women – used it.
The lens focuses the light onto the retina at the back of the eye.
Para 1: no.3 after rare
Para 2: no.5 after lens
Para 3: no.1 after bigger
Para 4: no.4 after new
Para 5: no.2 after intimate
4. Task 3: Work in pairs and match the expressions with their meanings
5. Language focus: Equal comparison “ As … As”
Green eyes aren’t as common as blue or brown eyes.
as adj as
He doesn’t drive as carefully as Peter.
as adv as
5.1. Use
Ta dùng so sánh bằng để so sánh giữa 2 đối tượng
5.2. Form
S + to be + as + adj + as + O
S + V + as + adv + as + O
Write sentences using this information and as … as …
Brown eyes/ sensitive to light / blue eyes.
Brown eyes are as sensitive to light as blue eyes
2. In hot countries blue eyes/ common/ brown eyes
In hot countries blue eyes aren’t as common as brown eyes
3. Whole eye/ big / table tennis ball
The whole eye is as big as a table tennis ball
4. Small eyes/ attractive / large eyes
Small eyes aren’t as attractive as large eyes
5. women’s eyebrows / thick / men’s
Women’s eyebrows aren’t as thick as men’s
6. Lens in an old person’s eye / flexible / a young person’s
The lens in an old person’s eye isn’t as flexible as a young person’s
7. Eye make-up / old/ history.
Eye make-up isn’t as old as history
8. Our ears/ important / our eyes
Our ears aren’t as important as our eyes
Rewrite the sentences using as … as …
John is taller than Jill
=> Jill isn’t as tall as John
The Saab is more expensive than the Ford => The Ford
The Ford isn’t as expensive as The Saab
The Ford is cheaper than the Saab
2. Canada is bigger than the USA => The USA
The USA isn’t as big as Canada
The USA is smaller than Canada
3. I’m older than him => He
He isn’t as old as me
He is younger than me
5. Paris is wetter than London => London
London isn’t as wet as Paris
Paris is drier than London
6. Carol’s job is better than Sally’s => Sally’s job
Sally’s job isn’t as good as Carol’s
Sally’s job is worse than Carol’s
7. Yesterday’s test was worse than today’s => Today’s test
Today’s test wasn’t as bad as yesterday’s
Today’s test was better than yesterday’s

Unit 5: Comparisons
IV. Listening and Speaking: In a clothes shop

V. Listening and Speaking: In a clothes shop
Language focus: too … (quá …) / enough ( đủ)
Peter is very young. He can’t ride a motorbike.
Peter is too young to ride a motorbike
He isn’t old enough to ride a motorbike
Mary learns quite well. She can pass the exams easily
=> Mary learns too well to pass the exams easily
=> Mary learns well enough to pass the exams easily
● This shirt is very small. He can’t wear it.
=> This shirt is too small for him to wear.
This shirt isn’t big enough for him to wear
S + V + too + adj/adv + (for O) + to V
S + V + adj/adv + enough + (for O) + to V
Note: Ta có adj/adv + enough
nhưng enough + N
He doesn’t have much money. He can’t buy this car
He doesn’t have enough money to buy this car
• I had enough time to finish my work.
Combine two sentences, using “too…to” or “enough + to V”
You are very young. You can’t have a front-door key
You are too young to have a front-door key
You aren’t old enough to have a front-door key
2. My elder brother is strong. He can lift the piano
My elder brother is too strong to lift the piano
My elder brother is strong enough to lift the piano
3. My brother is short. He can’t reach the top shelf
My brother is too short to reach the top shelf
My brother isn’t tall enough to reach the top shelf
4. The water here is unsafe. We can’t drink it (omit “it”)
The water here is too unsafe for us to drink
The water here isn’t safe enough for us to drink
5. The question is very easy. I can answer it (omit “it”)
The question is too easy for me to answer
The question is easy enough for me to answer
6. The candlelight is dim. We can’t read with it (omit “it”)
The candlelight is too dim for us to read with
The candle light isn’t bright enough for us to read with
7. He won’t get up early so he never catches the fast train
He won’t get up too early to catch the fast train/ He will get up too late to catch the fast train
He won’t get up early enough to catch the fast train
8. He hadn’t much money. He couldn’t live on it (omit “it”)
He hadn’t enough money to live on
He had too little money to live on