Unit 5: Future jobs

Unit 5
future jobs
Language focus
Which of the things below can we make? Which can we do?
1- do a good iob
2- make a list
3- ___ a course
4- ___ noise
5- ___ a decision
6- ___ the shopping
7- ___ lunch
8- ___ one’s duty
9- ___ friends
10- __ this
11- __ a phone call
12- __ money
13- __ something
14- __ a mistake
15- __ crossword puzzles
16- __ an appointment
17- __ an offer
18- __ exercise
do
do
do
do
do
do
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
do
Do và Make
1. Cách dùng “do”
- Dùng “do” cho các hoạt động hằng ngày, chú ý rằng những hoạt động này thường là không tạo nên vật gì cụ thể, không sáng tạo nên cái mới.

do housework do the ironing do the dishes do a job do a course

- Dùng “do” khi nói “làm” một cách chung chung, không đề cập chính xác tên của hoạt động. Thường đi với các từ: something, nothing, anything, everything, do this, do that, do so…
I’m not doing anything today.
He does everything for his mother.
She’s doing a course at a language center.


- Một số cách nói phổ biến dùng “do”:


do one’s best, do one’s teeth, do harm, do a favour (ân huệ, đặc ân), do business, do damage to S.t, do homework, do exercise, do one’s hair, do one’s duty, do away with s.o/ oneself (Tự tử), do the flower (cắm hoa), do oneself up (trưng diện), do the shopping, swimming, walking, surfing, hiking, research, housework, experiment , the washing, do crossword puzzles (giải ô chữ)….
Ex: I’m not doing anything today. Ex: She does herself up beautifully. Ex: Do me a favour and turn the radio down while I’m on the phone, will you?
2. Cách dùng “make”


Dùng “make” diễn tả các hoạt động tạo nên cái gì đó cụ thể mà bạn có thể chạm vào được, ta dùng to make (made, made) với nghĩa là chế tạo, xây dựng (tạo ra một sản phẩm mới) .
make food (lunch, dinner…) make a cup of tea / coffee
make a mess (làm lộn xộn)
Ex: He makes me a cup of coffee.
- Một số cách nói phổ biến dùng “make”:
make plans, make an exception to s.t (phaû ñoái caùi gì, choáng laïi) make arrangement with s.o (daøn xeáp vôùi ai)
make a telephone call
make a decision, make a mistake
make noise, make money
make an excuse, make an effort
make an attempt, make a profit
make a loss, make a progress in..,make a suggestion
make an offer (đề nghị), make a list, make friend
make a demand , make a decision
make a change, make the bed (dọn giường)
Ex: He makes an offer to help me. Ex: They make the bed before going to bed.
RELATIVE CLAUSE
Combine these sentences, using relative pronouns:
1- The book is interesting. She bought it last week.
2- Lan’s brother is very intelligent. He studies with me.
3- John wants to see you. He is waiting in the class.
- The book which she bought last week is interesting.
- Lan’s brother, who studies with me, is very intelligent.
- John, who is waiting in the class, wants to see you.
* RELATIVE CLAUSE.
- Relative clause is a subordinate clause used as an adjective to modify a noun or a pronoun.
- The relative clause follows its antecedent (the word it modifies) and it general introduced by a relative pronoun (who, whom, which, whose, of which, that) or a relative adverb (where, when why, how)
TABLE USE OF RELATIVE PRONOUNS
+ RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSE
- Mệnh đề tính từ được gọi là xác định khi nó cần thiết cho ý nghĩa của câu, bỏ nó đi câu sẽ không rõ hoặc không đầy đủ ý nghĩa.
Giữa mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề tính từ không có dấu phẩy ngăn cách. Có thể dùng “THAT” thay cho “Who, whom, which”

Ex: He gave a tip to a porter who carried his luggage.
+ NON-RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSE
- Mệnh đề tính từ được gọi là không xác định khi nó không cần thiết cho ý nghĩa của câu, bỏ nó đi câu vẫn rõ và đầy đủ ý nghĩa. Nó chỉ thêm vào câu một ít thông tin mà thôi.
Giữa mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề tính từ phải có dấu phẩy ngăn cách. Không dùng “THAT” thay cho “Who, whom, which”

Ex: Nguyen Du, who wrote Kieu story, died in 1820.
Ex: This is the book, which I bought yesterday
NOTE:
Tiền tố xác định thì mệnh đề tính từ là mệnh đề không xác định. Tiền tố xác định là:
Danh từ riêng (tên người, tên của một loài, môn học, môn thể thao …)
Có tính từ chỉ định ( this, that, these those)
Có tính từ sở hữu hoặc sở hữu cách
Ex: English, which we are studying, is very easy to learn
Ex: This bus, for which we are waiting, runs fast.
Ex: My shirt, which I am wearing, is old.
Ex: I want to borrow Hoa’s bike, which is very nice.
Notes:
- “That” is used in the restrictive clause only when the antecedent is both person and thing
Ex: The man and the dog passed by my house. The man and the dog made noise.
- The man and the dog that made noise passed by my house
- “That” is use after adjectives in the superlative, including the first, the last the second, the only and after indefinite pronouns. (something, someone, everything….)
Ex: Yesterday was the coldest day that I have ever known
- “That” cannot be used immediately after a preposition (but when the preposition is at the end of the clause “that” can be used.
Ex: Here is the car about which I told you.
Here is the car that I told you about.
Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences using relative clauses and punctuate them correctly.
1. We are going to visit our grandparents. They live in the countryside.
2. I know a good hotel. You can stay there.
3. This is the man. I met him in Paris.
4. We threw out the computer. It never worked well.
5. Have you got the guidebook? We lend it to you.
6. Lan is very nice. She always helps us in doing exercises.
- We are going to visit our grandparents who live in the countryside.
- I know a good hotel where / in which you can stay.
- This is the man, whom I met in Paris
- We threw out the computer which never worked well.
- Have you got the guidebook to which we lend you ?
- Lan, who always helps us in doing exercises, is very nice.
Choose the best answer A, B, C or D
1- This is the school____ my father used to work.
a- who b- whom c- in which d- which
2- Tom is a good student,______studies very well.
a- that b- who c- which d- whom
3- Can you name the American writer__wrote “Tom Sawyer”?
a- who b- whom c- which d- whose
4- She lent me a book ____ is very interesting.
a- who b- whose c- in which d- which
5- Her house, _____ she built last year, is very nice.
a- who b- that c- which d- where
6- A doctor is a person_____ takes care of our health.
a- who b- whom c- in which d- which
Goodbye