Unit 4. Special education

She has lots of spots on her face
They are called “sports”
spot
football
basketball
sport
/spɔt/
/spɔ:t/
Minimal Pair
caught
cot
cod
cord
forks
fox
pot
Minimal Pairs
I. Pronunciation
port
spots
sports
I. Pronunciation
Listen and repeat
Practise these sentences ( book, page 52)
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
We call them the blind
They are deaf and dumb or mute people
We call them the deaf and the dumb/ mute
They are rich people
We call them the rich
They are blind people
The + Adjective = Noun
Describe human character or condition and to represent a group of people.

Ex: The blind/ mute – The poor/rich
These expression have a plural meaning, they take a plural verb and pronoun is “they”

Ex: The poor get poorer; the rich get richer
The disabled need to be cared by the people around them.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Notice:
Normally, there is no plural form (s/es) for the Noun (the + Adj). However, there are some special cases such as The Reds, The Blacks, The Whites…when we want to refer to human.
1. The + Adjective = Noun
Exercise 1: Complete these sentences using the + one of the adjectives:

2. Ambulances arrived at the scene of the accident and took the………… to hospital.
1.The ………………..have the future in their hands.
3. Life is all right if you have a job, but things are not so easy for the……………
4. Julia has been a nurse all her life. She has spent her life caring for the…………
5. In England there is an old story about a man called Robin Hood. It is said that he

robbed the……………and gave money to the…………………
young
injured
unemployed
sick
rich
poor
2. Used to + infinitive
Use:

This structure is used to refer to a past habit (action/ state). However, this habit has changed at present time or stopped
Ex: When I was a child, we used to go on holiday to the seaside.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Notice the negative and the question:

I didn`t use to go on holiday to the seaside when I was a child
When did you use to go on holiday when you were a child?

Structure
+/ S + Used to Verb + Object.
-/ S + did not + Use to + Verb + Object.
?/ (Wh-Question) + Did + S + Use to + Verb + Object?
Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with used to + a suitable verb
1. Dennis gave up smoking two years ago. He 40 cigarettes a day.
2. Liz a motorbike, but last year she sold it and bought a car.
3. We came to live in Manchester a few years ago. We in Nottingham.
4. I rarely eat ice-cream now but I it when I was a child.
5. Jim my best friend but we aren`t friends any longer.
6. It only takes me about 40 minutes to get to work since the new road was opened. It more than an hour.
7. There a hotel apposite the station but it closed a long time ago.
8. When you lived in London, to the theatre?
used to smoke
used to have
used to live
used to eat
used to be
used to take
used to be
did you use to go
3. Which as a connector
+/ Sheila couldn’t come to the party. This was a pity
Sheila couldn’t come to the party, which was a pity
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Use:

Which can be used in relative clauses to refer to the whole meaning of its preceding clause.
+/ Our new timetable has changed. This means (that) we have go to school 15 minutes earlier
=> Our new timetable has changed, which means (that) we have go to school 15 minutes earlier
+/ Ann is late for the meeting because she forgot setting the alarm
=> Ann forgot setting the alarm, which makes her late for the meeting
S + V, Which V + Noun/Ob./Clause
Note:

Verb followed “which clause” is correspond with the third singular pronoun
Example:
Exercise 3: Join a sentence from A with one from B to make a new sentence
using which.
7. Our car has broken down.
This was very nice of her.(a)
This means we can`t go away tomorrow. (b)
This makes it difficult to contract her. (c)
This makes it difficult to sleep.(d)

This is good news. (f)
This meant we had to wait for hours at the airport. (g)

2. Jill isn`t on the phone.
3. Neil has passed his examinations.
4 Our flight was delayed.
5. Ann offered to put me up for the night.
6. The street I live in is very noisy at night.
A
B
Joining the sentence

2. Jill isn`t on the phone, which makes it difficult to contract her.
3. Neil has passed his examinations, which is good news.
4 Our flight was delayed, which meant we had to wait for hours at the airport.
5. Ann offered to put me up for the night, which was very nice of her.
6. The street I live in is very noisy at night, which makes it difficult to sleep.
7. Our car has broken down, which means we can`t go away tomorrow
Step1: Make 2 clauses. They must relate to each other
Step 2: Combine these sentences by the connector "which"
Team A & B in turn to make sentences and combine the sentences