Unit 4. School education system

E/ LANGUAGE FOCUS
general
primary
secondary
September
/ ʤenərəl /
/ praıməri /
/ sekəndrı /
/ septembər /
ʤe
praı
se
tem
I/ Pronunciation:
Stress in three-syllable words
- Đối với động từ, nêu âm tiết cuối cùng là âm tiết mạnh, nó sẽ có trọng âm.
e.g. entertain, resurrect
Nếu âm tiết cuối cùng là âm tiết yếu, trọng âm sẽ rơi vào âm tiết đứng ngay trước nó
e.g. encourage, encounter, determine, ...
Nếu cả âm tiết 2 và 3 đều yếu, tất nhiên trọng âm sẽ rơi vào âm tiết đầu tiên.
e.g. sacrifice, advertise

I/ Pronunciation:
Stress in three-syllable words
- Đối với danh từ, nếu âm tiết cuối cùng yếu hoặc tận cùng bằng əu và âm tiết thứ 2 mạnh, trọng âm sẽ rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2 đó.
e.g. statistics, potato, disaster
Nếu âm tiết thứ 3 và âm tiết thứ 2 cùng là âm tiết yếu, dĩ nhiên âm tiết đầu tiên sẽ có trọng âm
e.g. cinema, quantity
Listen and repeat
algebra carefully politics

physical chemistry academic

primary statistics computing

cinema compulsory September
/ septembər /
/ ælʤıbrə /
/ keəfullı /
/ pɒlətıks /
/ fizikəl /
/ kemıstrı /
/ ækədemık /
/ stətistıks /
/ praıməri /
/ kəmpju:tıŋ /
/ sinəmə /
/ kəmp۸lsərı /
Practise reading these sentences
1. The academic school year generally commences in September

2. The typical school day normally finishes at 3.00 p.m. in England

3. The national curriculum is usually set by the government

4. The GCSE stands for the General Certificate of Secondary Education.

5. English, Maths and Science are compulsory in the national examination at certain stages of the school education system.
II/ Grammar: Passive Voice
2. Cách biến đổi từ câu chủ động sang bị động
Active: S V O

Passive: S Be + PII by O
1. Form:
BE + Past participle (PII)
e.g.: The song Take me to your heart was written by Michael learn to Rock
3. Cách chia thi cho động từ “to be” trong câu bị động
- Simple present: S + am/is/are + PII
e.g. I am often invited to parties
- Present continuous: S + am/is/are + being + PII
e.g. She is being asked a lot of questions.
- Present perfect S + have/has + been + PII
e.g. This cake has been made by Mary
- Simple past S + was/ were + PII
e.g. Tien Quan Ca was written by Nam Cao
- Past continuous S + was/ were + being + PII
e.g. This homework was being done by Tom
3. Cách chia thi cho động từ “to be” trong câu bị động
- Past perfect S + had + been + PII
e.g. The room had been cleaned before we came
- Simple future S + will + be + PII
e.g. A new school will be built very soon
- Be going to S + is/are + going to + PII
e.g. A story is going to be told by the teacher
- Modal verb : can/ could
S + may/ must + be + PII
have to / used to

e.g. The questions can be answered by my friend
Exercise 1: Fill each blank with the simple present passive form of the verb in brackets
2. Each term __________by a one-week break.
3. The national curriculum _______by the government and _____________ in all state schools.
4. The national curriculum __________ of more than ten subjects.
5. The state school system _________ for by the state.
6. The advanced students __________ to take part in the annual International Olympic.
(separate)
(set, must follow)
( make up)
(pay)
(select)
is separated
must be followed
is set
is made up
is paid
are selected
Exercise 2:
Rewrite the following sentences using the passive voice
1. They built this school in 1997

2. They first published this dictionary in 1870

3. The students in my class are going to organize a surprise party tomorrow evening


4. They are painting the kitchen now

6. They have translated Shakespeare’s tragedies into many languages
This school was built in 1997
This dictionary was published in 1870
A surprise party is going to be organized by the student in my class tomorrow evening
The kitchen is being painting now.
Shakespeare’s tragedies have been translated into many languages
The world’s first electronic computer ______________ (1. build) by the University of Pennsylvania in 1946. However, computers __________________(2. sell) commercially for the first time in the 1950s.Much progress on computers ______________ (3.make) since 1950. Computers are now much smaller and more powerful and they ______________(4. can buy) much more cheaply.
Exercise 3:
Complete the following passage
was built
were sold
have been made
can be bought
Computers ___________( 5. use) in may fields – in business, science, medicine and education, for example. They _____________ ( 6.can use) to forecast the weather or to control robots which make cars. The computer’s memory is the place where information _____________ (7. store) and calculations _________ (8. do). A computer cannot think for itself – it _____________ (9. must tell) exactly what to do. A lot of difficult calculations ___________ (10. can do) very quickly on computers
Exercise 3:
Complete the following passage
are used
can be used
is stored
are done
must be told
can be done