Unit 4. At school

COMPARATIVE

ADJECTIVES
Saturday, 15th August
COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
big
Small
The man’s bigger than the baby
The baby’s smaller than the man
tall
short
The giraffe is taller than the bear
The bear is shorter than the giraffe
I. FORM
A Short adjectives ( tính từ ngắn)
Adj + ER
Tall-taller
Short-shorter
Long (dài)- longer
Fast (nhanh) – faster
Smart ( thông minh)- smarter
Clean (sạch) –cleaner

-
 S + be + Adj-er THAN + O
( A + be + Adj-er + THAN + B)
Tu is smarter than Amy
A ruler is longer than a pen
Huy Anh is taller than Tung
Doan is stronger than Tu
The elephant is bigger than the mouse
Summer is hotter than winter
The mouse is smaller than the elephant
The rabbit is quicker than snail
My brother is taller than me
Let’s try
John-rich
Allen-poor
John is richer than Allen
Allen is poorer than John
My house- new
His house-old
My house is newer than his house
His house is older than your house
Superman: stronger
Spiderman: weaker
Superman is stronger than spiderman
Spiderman is weaker than superman
small
big
The cat is smaller than the elephant
The elephant is bigger than the cat
Chú ý
Some special adjectives /adverbs
good better
Bad  worse
Far farther/further ( nghĩa bóng)
Old  older/ elder ( chỉ thứ tự trong gđ)
Little less
Many/ Much- more
+
Adj = p.â + 1 n.â + 1 p.â
Nhân đôi p.â cuối + ER
hot hotter
big - bigger
thin (mỏng) thinner
+ ADJ –Y ( p.â +y)  ier
happy happier
funny  funnier
Grey greyer
Adj –e  + R
Nice nicer
Large larger
B, Short adverbs ( trạng từ )
S + V + O+ adv
I learn English well
She learns English badly
+ Chú ý: Adv = Adj + ly
Nice nicely
Careful carefully
Easy easily
+ early early

Hard  hard ( vất vả)
Late late ( muộn)
Fast  fast (nhanh)
Good well better
So sánh trạng từ ngắn
S + V + (o) + ADV-er than O
She works harder than me
He comes later than me
They go faster than me
She learns English better than me
2. Long adj /adv
S + be/verb + more + adj/adv + than + O
Nhung is more beautiful than Mrs Huyen
He is more handsome than me
The phone is more expensive than the book
He drives more carefully than me
She goes more quickly than me
She`s about 20, but in fact she`s much older_than she looks. (old)
Josie is__better___ at meeting people than George. (good)
She is _more charming than her sister. (charming)
Your spelling is _Worse_than Jane`s. (bad)
Michael is much more handsomethan John. (handsome)
Healthy people are often _happier____than people who aren`t fit. (happy)
That joke is funnier than the last one you told. (funny)
The problem is not so complicated. It`s simpler than you think. (simple)
Mary is four years _older than me. (old)
His car is much _more expensive than mine. (expensive)
1. Viết tháng: mỗi từ = 2 dòng
2. Viết số : mỗi số = 2 dòng ( mỗi dòng > 3 từ

Thousand
Rule 4. If an adjective has two syllables or more without a “y” then add the word “more” before the word. If the adjective ends with a “y”, you will only add the word “more” if it has three syllables or more.
i.e. beautiful + more = more beautiful than

i.e. expensive + more = more expensive than
i.e. satisfactory + more = more satisfactory than
The butterfly is more beautiful than the frog.
Rule 5. There are a few exceptions.

good = better than
bad = worse than
far = farther than
Remember, when using a comparative you must always follow it with the word “than”.


The Toyota is smaller than the Ford.
The Ford is bigger than the Toyota.
The ant is smaller than the hippo.
The elephant is fatter than the giraffe.
The girl is happier than the duck.
The butterfly is more beautiful than the frog.



Superlatives

Superlatives are used to show the difference between more than two objects. Let’s say that I have three cars. I have a little Toyota, a medium size Jeep and a big Ford. A superlative is used to show the differences that exist in the group. The Ford is big so we can say “the Ford is the biggest”. Because the Toyota is small, we can say “The Toyota is the smallest”. To learn to use these we need to learn five basic rules.
The ant is the smallest.
Rule 1. If an adjective has 1 syllable we add the ending –est to the adjective.

i.e. small + est = the smallest
i.e. hard + est = the hardest
The hippo is the fattest.
Rule 2. If a one syllable adjective ends with a consonant + a vowel + a consonant you must double the last consonant and ad –est.

i.e. big + est = the biggest
i.e. fat + est = the fattest
The elephant is the heaviest.
Rule 3. If an adjective ends with a “y”, remove the “y” and add –iest.

i.e. happy –y + iest = the happiest
i.e. funny –y + iest = the funniest
The airplane is the most expensive.
Rule 4. If an adjective has two syllables or more without a “y” then add the word “most” before the word. If the adjective ends with a “y”, you will only add the word “most” if it has three syllables or more.
i.e. beautiful + most = the most beautiful
i.e. expensive + most = the most expensive
i.e. satisfactory + most = the most satisfactory
Rule 5. There are a few exceptions.

good = the best
bad = the worst
far = the farthest
Remember, when using a superlative you must always precede it with the word “the”.

The Toyota is the smallest.
The Ford is the biggest.
Brad Pitt is the most handsome.
The airplane is the most expensive.
Jim Carrey is the funniest.