Unit 3-lang. focus

CLASS: 10C3
School Year: 2010 _ 2011
An action happening before a point of time in the past is used in The Past Perfect Tense.
A point of time in the past
(time)
(time)
(time)
Present
EX: I had seen this film before 1975.
1975
had seen
The first action:
The second action:
(time)
(time)
(time)
Present
EX: I had finished my homework when my father returned home from
work.
returned
had finished
Simple Past
Past Perfect Tense
TIME INDICATORS:
when 4. . . . no sooner . . . . . . than . . . .
after 5. . . . hardly . . . . . . . . . when . . .
before 6. . . . scarcely . . . . . . . when . . .
EX: The pedestrians had taken the injured to hospital when the ambulance
arrived.
(or)
When the ambulance arrived, the pedestrians had taken the injured to

hospital.


EX: He arrived at the station after the train had left.
(or)
After the train had left, he arrived at the station.
… simple past + after + past perfect …
EX: I had bought a new car before I sold my old one.
(or)
Before I sold my old one, I had bought a new car.
… past perfect + before + simple past …
… had + no sooner + V3/ed … + than + S + V2/ed …
… had + + V3/ed … + when + S + V2/ed …
hardly

scarcely
EX: They had no sooner returned home than it began to rain heavily.
(or)
No sooner had they returned home than it began to rain heavily.
EX: She had hardly / scarcely eaten dinner when the fire alarm went off.
(or)
Hardly / Scarcely had she eaten dinner when the fire alarm went off.
It was the most interesting film I had ever seen.
Look at the sentences below:
That was the highest mountain we had ever climbed.
Those were the best books I had ever read.
S + was / were + superlative + S + had + ever + V3/ed . . .
He was the most boring teacher we had ever learnt with.
the + adj + est
the most + adj
the best, the worst, the least,…….
1. Why did Tom’s mother get angry with him?
Because he (break) her favourite vase.
2. When did you watch TV last night?
When I (do) all my homework.
3. Did you first see them at my last birthday party?
No, I (meet) them before.
4. Why did she return home?
She suddenly remembered she (not turn off) the gas stove.
5. How did they like our city?
They said it was the loveliest city they ever (see).
6. It rained yesterday after it (be) dry for months.
7. By the time he arrived, all his classmates (leave).
8. We didn’t have their new phone number because they (move) to the South.
9. When they met again, they (not see) each other for 10 years.
10. When I came, the room was in a terrible mess because someone (break in).
EXERCISE 1:
1. We just (finish) dinner when they (come).
2. He seldom (travel) by bicycle before he (go) to Vietnam.
3. Ann (go) to get the carpet for the room but someone already (take) it.
4. You (manage) to see to Director, or he (go) out by the time you (get) there?
5. He just (get) home when you (phone). He (be) in New York.
EXERCISE 2:
EXERCISE 3:
While George was reading in bed, two thieves had climbed into his kitchen. When they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. It was very dark, so they had turned on a torch. Suddenly, they heard a voice behind them.

“What’s up? What’s up?” a voice had called out. The thieves dropped the torch and ran away as quickly as they could.

George had heard the noise and came downstairs quickly. He turned on the light but he couldn’t see anybody. The thieves already went. But George’s parrot, Henry, was still there.

“What’s up?” he called.

“Nothing, Henry,” George said and smiled. “Go back to sleep.”
While George was reading in bed, two thieves climbed into his kitchen. When they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. It was very dark, so they turned on a torch. Suddenly, they heard a voice behind them.

“What’s up? What’s up?” a voice called out. The thieves dropped the torch and ran away as quickly as they could.

George heard the noise and came downstairs quickly. He turned on the light but he couldn’t see anybody. The thieves had already gone. But George’s parrot, Henry, was still there.

“What’s up?” he called.

“Nothing, Henry,” George said and smiled. “Go back to sleep.”
CORRECTION:
While George was reading in bed, two thieves had climbed into his kitchen. When they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. It was very dark, so they had turned on a torch. Suddenly, they heard a voice behind them.

“What’s up? What’s up?” a voice had called out. The thieves dropped the torch and ran away as quickly as they could.

George had heard the noise and came downstairs quickly. He turned on the light but he couldn’t see anybody. The thieves already went. But George’s parrot, Henry, was still there.

“What’s up?” he called.

“Nothing, Henry,” George said and smiled. “Go back to sleep.”
EXERCISE:
GIVE THE RIGHT FORM OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS:

They (go) home after they (finish) their work.
He (do) nothing before he (see) me.
He (thank) me for what I (do) for him.
I (be) sorry that I (hurt) him.
I (not, see) my friend for ages when I (catch) sight of him this morning.
You (wear) your new hat when I (meet) you yesterday.
The house (be) much smaller than he (think) at first.
Before you (mention) him, I (never, hear) of that author.
The little girl (ask) what (happen) to her ice-cream.
They (ask) why we (come) so early.
While you (play) the piano, I (write) a letter.
They (sell) all the books when we (get) there.

An action happening before a point of time in the past is used in The Past Perfect Tense
A point of time in the past
(time)
(time)
Present
A point of time in the future
An action happening before a point of time in the future is
used in:
The Future Perfect Tense
(time)
EX: I will have lived here for 20 years by the end of this year.
will have lived
by the end of this year
The Future Perfect Tense: will have + V3/ed