U 4_ A 12_PASSIVE

Unit 4
PASSIVE VOICE
* Dạy ngữ pháp bằng PowerPoint, gây hứng thú cho HS
* Dạy Unit 4 ở Anh 12, Unit 10 ở Anh 10, Unit 2 ở Anh 9 và Unit 10 ở Anh 8
I. Nhắc lại


I.Công thức:
S +________________
II.Qui tắc chuyển đổi


be +
V3/ Ved
S V O

___+ _____________+_____
[ BE được chia theo thì của V ở câu chủ động]
Ex: Ba opens the door.
?The door ___________ ___________
BE+V3/Ved
S
by+O
is opened
by Ba.
III. Thể BĐ ở 10 thì:
HT đơn:
S + ___________+ V3/Ved
QK đơn:
S + ___________+ V3/Ved
am/is/are
was/were
HT HThành
S + ___________+ V3/Ved

QK HThành
S + ___________ + V3/Ved





has been
have been
had been
HT TDiễn
S + ___________ + V3/Ved
QK TDiễn
S + ___________ + V3/Ved

am/is/are + being
was/ were + being
BĐ với Modal ( can/ will/ may/ must ... )
S + ________+___ + V3/Ved
TL đơn với will :
S + ___________+ V3/Ved
modal
be
will + be
TL với be going to :
S + ___________ + V3/Ved
BĐ với have to
S + ___________

+ V3/Ved
am/ is/ are going to+ be
has to / have to / had to + be
Ex:
A French architect designs our house.
Our house ________________by a French architect .

is designed
Mr Reeds will design our house.

?Our house __________________by Mr Reeds .



will be designed
-I bought the book yesterday.
?The book __________ (by me) yesterday.
was bought
-The wind has damaged many houses.
?Many houses __________________ by the wind.
have been damaged
IV.Lưu ý:
Cần phải bỏ:
by them/ people/
everyone/
someone/ me/ you/
him/ us ...
People speak English in Australia.
English is spoken (by people ) in Australia.
2. Trong câu BĐ, vị trí các TrT như sau:
... TrT nơi chốn + by...+ TrT thời gian
Ex: Mary bought this hat in Viet Nam last month.
?This hat was bought ___________________

?
in VN
by Mary
last month.
Exercise
Bill is using the computer at the moment.
?The computer ______________ by Bill at the moment.
is being used
2. When did they decorate your kitchen?
?When _____ ____________ ___________
was
your kitchen
decorated?
3. We have to test these products.
?These products ________ _____ _________ .
have to
be
tested
4. Somebody was recording our conversations.
?Our conversations ______ ________ ___________
were
being
recorded.
5. How do people pronounce this word?
?How ______ this word______________ ?
is
pronounced
6. The situation is serious.
We must do something before it`s too late .
?The situation is serious.
Something _______________ before it`s too late.
must be done
7. They have postponed the concert.
?The concert _______________ .
has been postponed .
8. They are going to build a new supermarket next year .
?A new supermarket _____________________next year .
is going to be built
9. Has your father repaired the car?
?____ the car ___________ by your father ?
Has
been repaired
10. People advised us not to go out alone.
?____ ____________ not to go out alone.
?
We
were advised
II. BĐ đặc biệt
People say that he is ...
?He is said to be ...
( Người ta nói rằng ... )
Công thức:
? S + be + V3/ Ved + to-infinitive ...
1.Tình huống:
Đây là Henry. Ông ta già lắm rồi, nhưng không ai biết chính xác ông ta bao nhiêu tuổi.
People say that he is 108 years old.

____ _______ _______ 108 years old.
Cả 2 câu đều có nghĩa là:
He
to be
is said
Người ta nói rằng ông ta 108 tuổi rồi.
2.Ta cũng có thể dùng 2 cấu trúc trên với các V3/ Ved sau:
thought _ known
believed _ expected
reported _considered ...
3. Ex:
a. People say that Henry eats 10 eggs a day.
_______ is said ________ 10 eggs a day.
to eat
Henry
b. People believe that the wanted man is living in New York.
The wanted man is believed ________ living in New York.
to be
c. They expect that the strike will begin tomorrow.
?The strike is expected ___________ tomorrow.
to begin
4.Chú ý: Khi ĐT của MĐ chính ở thì QK , ta đổi:
[ V2/ Ved ? to have + V3/ Ved ]
-They say that he stole �60.
?He is said ______________ �60.
to have stolen
-They said that he stole �60.
?He was said ______________ �60.
to have stolen
5. Các cấu trúc trên thường được sử dụng trong các bài tường thuật tin tức
- They report that two people were killed in the explosion.
? Two people are reported ____________ killed in the explosion.
[fr.Graminuse.139]
to have been
III. BĐ với "have/ get"
have/ get + O + V3/ Ved
[ vật]
( nhờ, thuê ... vật gì đó được ... )

Ex :
-I have/ get my hair cut every two months.
( Someone cuts my hair for me.)

-He has his car washed once a week.
( Somebody washes the car for him.)
IV. BĐ với "need "
need + V-ing
( cần được ... ) [ ý nghĩa BĐ]
Ex : The floor is dirty.
It needs (clean) ________ .
cleaning
V. BĐ với "make "
They made me work hard.
(ko "to")
? I was made to work hard.




( coù “to”)
VI . BĐ với ĐT có 2 từ
-People laugh at him.
?He is laughed at.


-I was thinking about the problem during my holiday.
?The problem was being thought about during my holiday.