Tóm tắt chủ động và bị động

SUMMARY ON ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES

THỨ TỰ
THÌ
CHỦ ĐỘNG
BỊ ĐỘNG
NHẬN BIẾT

1
HIỆN TẠI THƯỜNG
S + V ( +s/es/n.thể) + O
S + don’t/doesn’t + V( n.thể) + O
Do/Does + V(n.thế) + O ?

Ex : The news surprises me.
Ex : The news surprises Sam.
O + is/am/are + V-p2
O + is/am/are + not + V-p2
Is/am/are + O + V-p2 ?

Ex : I am surprised by the news.
Ex : Sam is surprised by the news.
Often, usually, frequently, always , constantly, seldom, rarely, sometimes, occasionally, everyday/week/month

2
HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN
S + is/am/are + V-ing + O
S + is/am/are + not + V-ing + O
Is/am/are + S + V-ing + O ?

Ex : The secretary is copying some letters now.

Ex : Someone is building a new hospital.
O + is/am/are + being + V-p2
O + is/am/are + not + being + V-p2
Is/am/are + O + being + V-p2 ?

Ex : Some letters are being copied by the secretary now.
Ex : A new hospital is being built.
Now, right now, at the moment,
at present.
Look!
Be quiet!

3
HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
S + have/has + V –P2 + O
S + have/has + not + V-P2 + O
Have/has + S + V-P2 + O ?

Ex : I have just bought a car.
Ex : Phong has done these excercises for 3 hours.
O + have/has + been + V –P2
O + have/has + not + been + V-P2
Have/has + O + been + V-P2 + O ?

Ex : A car has just been bought.
Ex : These exercises have been done for 3 hours by Phong.
Just,ever,never,already,
yet,since,for,
sofar=until now =
=up to now = up to the present
It’s the first time

4
HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN
S + have/has + been + V-ing + O
S + have/has + not + been + V-ing + O
Have/has + S + been + V-ing + O ?

 X

Since , for
All day…

5
QUÁ KHỨ THƯỜNG
S + V –P1 + O
S + didn’t + V-n.thế + O
Did + S + V-n.thể + O ?

Ex : They bought this house last year.
Ex : I saw them yesterday.
O + was/were + V-p2
O + was/were + not + V-p2
Was/were + O + V-p2 ?

Ex : They bought this house last year.
Ex : I saw them yesterday.
Last, ago, yesterday , in + year(in the past)
When, as (hđ ngắn)

6
QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN
S + was/were + V-ing + O
S + was/were + not + V-ing + O
Was/were + S + V-ing + O ?

Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at 6 p.m yesterday.

Ex : She was talking to them when I came.
O+ was/were + being + V-p2
O+ was/were + not + being + V-p2
Was/were + O + being + V-p2 ?


Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at 6 p.m yesterday.
Ex : She was talking to them when I came.

At this time, time + yesterday, last….when, while

7
QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH
S + had + V –P2 + O
S + had not + V-p2 + O
Had + S + V-p2 + O ?
Ex : They had phoned me before they left.
O + had + been +V –P2
O + had not + been + V-p2
Had + O + been + V-p2 ?
Ex : They had phoned me before they left.

Before , after, when, as, as soon as,…
Up to then

8
QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN
S + had