Toefl grammar

Grammar – Vocabulary

GRAMMAR – VOCABULARY 1
1. SENTENCES 4
1.1 Sentence patterns 4
1.1.1 Subject 4
1.1.2 Object 4
1.1.3 Complement 5
1.2 Subordinate clause 5
1.2.1 Reduced clause 5
1.3 Reversion – Inversion – đảo ngữ: đảo động từ chính / đảo trợ động từ 5
2. VERBS 7
2.1 Tenses 7
2.1.1 Past 7
2.1.2 Present 7
2.1.3 Future 7
2.2 Verb patterns 8
2.2.1 Intransitive V 8
2.2.2 Linking verbs: S + Linking V + C (noun / adj / adv) 8
2.2.3 Transitive V: S + Vt + DO (sb) 9
2.2.4 Transitive V: S + Vt + DO (sb) + IO (sth) 10
2.2.5 Transitive V: S + Vt + DO (sb) + Bare Inf. ( causative form 11
2.2.6 Transitive V: S + Vt + DO (sb) + V-ing (present participle) ( V2 đang tiếp tiễn 11
2.2.7 Perception verbs: S + Vt + DO (sb) + Gerund / Bare inf. 11
2.2.8 Transitive V: S + Vt + O (sb/sth) + (as / to be) + OC (complement) 11
2.2.9 S + V + (not) + Gerund (V-ing) ( hòan thành công việc, đã qua, passive 13
2.2.10 S + expression + Gerund (V-ing) 14
2.2.11 S + V + to + V 15
2.2.12 S + V + to-inf / V-ing 16
2.2.13 Series of V 17
2.3 Modal verbs – động từ hình thái 18
2.4 Condition 19
2.4.1 Tense 19
2.4.2 Conditional conjunction 19
2.4.3 Unreal expression 20
2.4.4 To Wish 20
2.5 Active - Passive voice 21
2.5.1 Active form 21
2.5.2 Passive form 21
2.6 Reported speech 22
2.7 Verb + prepositions 23
2.8 Verbal phrases 24
2.8.1 Clichés 26
3. NOUNS 26
3.1 Nouns agree with V 26
3.2 Countable and uncountable nouns 27
3.2.1 countable nouns 27
3.2.2 Uncountable nouns 27
3.2.3 Countable nouns 28
3.2.4 Uncountable nouns 28
3.2.5 Count and noncount noun meanings 28
3.2.6 Collective nouns + singular / plural Verbs 29
3.2.7 Patterns 30
3.2.8 Noun phrase = Adv + Adj + Noun 30
3.2.9 Noun clauses 30
3.2.10 Article 30
3.3 N + Verb 30
3.4 Preposition 31
3.4.1 Pronouns 31
3.4.2 Noun phrases 31
3.4.3 N – Idioms 32
4. ADJECTIVES 33
4.1 Position of adj. in clause 33
4.2 Possition of adj in phrase: OPSHACOM 33
4.3 Patterns 33
4.3.1 Sentences 33
4.3.2 Adjective clause 34
4.4 Comparison 34
4.4.1 Equal comparision 34
4.4.2 Comparative 35
4.4.3 Supperlative 35
4.5 Vocabulary 35
4.5.1 Descriptive adj 35
4.5.2 Limiting adj 35
4.5.3 Irregular comparatives and supperatives 35
4.6 Preposition 37
5. ADVERBS 38
5.1 Definition 38
5.2 Adverbial phrases = MPT = Manner + Place + Time 38
5.3 Building words 38
5.4 Vocabulary 38
5.4.1