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E12
1. The role of the teacher
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A MOTIVATOR
motivate ss
get ss involved in creating activity
help ss generate ideas

A RESOURCE
provide information & language
offer advice & suggestions
A FEEDBACK PROVIDER
give feedback on ss` writing tasks with special care
respond positively & encouragingly to the content of ss` written work
2. KINDS OF WRITING IN GRADE 12
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CONTROLLED WRITING
gap-filling
re-ordering sentences
sentence-building
FREE WRITING
letter writing
paragraph writing
report writing
giving instructions
describing chart / book / a sporting event
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3. Some problems with free writing
A. Many students find it quite difficult
because of
1. having no / lack of ideas
2. limited vocabulary to express opinions
3. disability of using structures ,style or language in English standards

B. Students would probably approach the task in different ways and produce a wide variety of different paragraphs
4. Approaching the free-writing task
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SELECTING THE CONTENT
analyze the topic (instruction/ key terms / the aspect of the topic)
find & select IDEAS (brainstorming// finding more ideas)
ORGANIZING IDEAS
classify ideas
select relevant ideas
rank ideas
SELECTING THE LANGUAGE
select simple & correct English vocabulary in terms
prepare some common clauses / sentence connectors / expressions
ensure to have a good grasp of the essential grammar points (tenses / passive / parts of speech / structure)
FACILITATING WRITING TASKS
Tasks adaptation and implementation
1- Making tasks easier:
- Breaking down tasks

- Scaffoldoing

- Lowering requirements

2- Making tasks more challenging/more interesting

Solutions:
Teachers should help students progress beyond very controlled writing to freer writing by guiding their writing ( GUIDED WRITING)
+ Giving cues.
+ Giving a short text as a model.
+ Doing oral preparation for the writing.
MODELLING
1. Reading a model and noticing certain grammatical features / vocabulary / useful expressions / text organisation / style…
2. Putting different parts of the text onto a writing frame
3. Sequencing a jumbled text
4. Comparing and contrasting two forms of text of the same genre
discussing
brainstorming
observing and interpreting photos or artwork
watching video clips
using writing templates/ frames / cloze exercises
mapping
Brain writing
Using matrix
Some examples of oral preparation for the writing
Brainstorming:

Getting Ss’ ideas on paper so they can give themselves the widest range of topics possible

Clustering: mapping out ideas
Environment
destruction
Air pollution
………………..
……..
Waste
disposal
………….
deforestation
Animal endangered
…………
Brain writing
Ss sit around a table in their group
Write down two or three ideas on a topic on a sheet of paper
Place their paper at the centre of the table
Pick up someone else ‘s response and read it
Write down more new ideas on the response.
Using matrix - An unforgettable day

Four Square Writing

Step 1: Categorizing - Pictures
Pets
Step 1: Categorizing - Words
Zoo
Lion
Elephant
Giraffe
Camel
Step 2: Examples and a Feeling Sentence
Zoo
Lion
Giraffe
Elephant
I like going to the zoo to see the animals.
Step 3: Cont…
2. Reason –
We learn here.

3. Reason –
We meet friends.
4. Reason –
We do experiments.
5. Feeling –
I love school.
Complete sentence –
School is a great place.
Step 4: Writing a Paragraph
Paragraphs are several sentences on the same topic.
Now transfer the sentences from the four blocks to lined paper for paragraph building.
Whole class modeling is best to teach this.
Step 5: Adding More Details
Moving from a 5 sentence to an 8 sentence paragraph; go back into the 4 square.
Add one additional detail sentence in each box.
Elaboration: tell more about the topic or tell what is so great about it.
Reason: We learn here.
Detail: I like to learn
science.
Reason: We meet friends.
Detail: My best friend is in my class.
Reason: We do experiments.
Detail: I built a volcano yesterday.
Feeling Sentence: I love school.
Complete sentence –
School is a great place.

Step 6: Adding Supporting Details
Learn
read
math
science
Friends
share lunches
invite over
do homework together
Play
in centers
on playground
recess
School is a great place because we learn, meet friends, and play.
School is a great place.

Step 7: Adding Connecting Words to Provide Transitions Between Ideas
First
Learn
read
math
science
Also
Friends
share lunches
invite over
do homework together

Next
Play
in centers
on playground
recess
So you can see
School is a great place because we learn, meet friends, and play.
School is a great place.

Language Arts Use
Book Review
Title
Beginning
End
Middle
Did you like it?
Four Square in Science
An excellent way to review or summarize information learned about a specific process.
Volcanoes
What are they?
How do they operate?
Where are they?
Volcanoes are a powerful, natural force.
Workers
Resources
The workers, resources, and transportation are important to a community.
Community
Transportation
Four Square in Math
Word problems require the employment of logic and reasoning different from the usual compute and solve drills.
These problems require that students develop their own equation, and then perform an unnamed operation to find a solution.
Process
Information
Solution
+
4, 2
6 A Students
Mrs. Smith had four straight A students.
Then 2 more in her class got straight A’s.
How many A students does she have in all?
4+2=___
Question
Compute
WRITING POEMS
One word title



















_______________
SPORT
Two words describing the title
HAVE FUN
_______________
Three verbs expressing an action
_______________
RUNNING , JUMPING , SLIDING
WRITING POEMS
Four words expressing a feeling



















_______________
LAUGHING , SHOUTING ,
CRYING , ALIVE
Another word for a title
_______________
LIVING
Sport
Have fun
Running , jumping , sliding
Laughing , shouting , crying , alive
Living

http://www.eduplace.com/activity/ poem cinquain.html
( From Thomas Farrell )
Using correction codes :


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