TÀI LIỆU TẬP HUẤN GV THCS

Câu hỏi thảo luận
Khi tra cứu từ điển, anh, chị thường quan tâm đến thông tin gì?
Khi dạy một từ mới các anh chị thường dạy như thế nào?
Học sinh của anh chị có khả năng phát âm chính xác được một từ thông qua phiên âm của từ đó không? Tại sao?
Các anh chị có cho phần ngữ âm vào bài kiểm tra thường xuyên không?
Trong sách giáo khoa mà anh chị dạy có phần bài tập nào liên quan đến ngữ âm không?
Các anh có cho rằng phần ngữ âm cần phải đưa vào trong chương trình học không?
Anh các anh chị có tự tin với kiến thức ngữ âm của mình không?
Các anh chị có bao giờ băn khoăn không biết mình phát âm từ này có đúng không?




vegetable
Comfortable
Educate
Syllables
We can devide a word into one or more syllables.
A syllable is a group of one or more sounds.
The essential part of a syllable is a vowel sound (V). Some syllables are just one vowel sound. For example these words have one syllable, and the syllable is just one vowel sound:
Eye air
A syllable can have consonant sounds (C) before the V, after the V or before and after the V.

Sounds of words
Eye / ai/ :
Owe / /әu / :
Like / laik / :
Through / θru / :
Bowl / bәul / :
V
V

CVC

CCV

CVC

Ex2: How many syllables?
1. secretary 0oo
3. restaurant 0o
5. different 0o
7. lovely 0o
9. Thursday 0o
2. interesting 0oo
4. Wednesday 0o
6. vegetable 0oo
8. convenient o0o
10. September o0o

Word stress
If a word has more than one syllable, you give stress to one of the syllable.
To give it stress, do one or more of these to the syllable:
Make it longer.
Make it louder.
Make it higher.
S a t urday

Exercise (Page 4)

1.0o Monday Tuesday Thursday April Second thirty

2. o0 July Thirteenth thirteen

3. 0oo Saturday Holiday seventy

4. o0o September October November eleventh

5. oo0 Seventeen afternoon
Exercise 2

Stress in two-syllable words
Many two-syllable words come from a one-syllable word.
For example, the word artist comes from the word art, and the word remove comes from the word move.
In these two- syllabe words, the stress is on the syllable of the original word:
Art - artist = 0o (stress on the first syllable)
Move - remove = o0 (stress on the second syllable)
Stress in two-syllable words
Stress on two-syllable nouns and adjectives

The artist’s most famous picture show some women and children in a lovely forest with a purple mountain behind.
Conclusion:
Most two-syllable nouns and adjectives have stress on the first syllable, even if they do not come from an original one-syllable word.
2. Stress on two-syllable verbs.

Forget decide import

complaint produce
Conclusion:
Most two-syllable verbs have stress on the second syllable, even if they do not come from an original one syllable word.
Exercise 1(page 7)
1. (act) How did you react when you saw the actor coming in?
2. (write) The writer decided to rewrite the whole book.
3. (paint) The painter tried to repaint this part of picture
4. (print) We asked the printer to reprint the whole document.

Exercise 2 (page7)
Ex2: hightline the word with a different stress pattern from the others
Answer agree allow attract
2. middle minute mission mistake
3. compare correct copy collect
4. garden granny guitar grammar
5. complete common careful crazy
6. produce provide promise prefer
7. shampoo shoulder shower shopping
8. reason remove receive review

Stress in longer words
* Conclusion 1: We can build longer words by adding …. to the ………or end of ……..words. Usually, this doesn’t …… the stress: It stays on the same ……….as in the original word.

* Conclusion 2:When we add the endings –ion, - ian or –ic, the stress always …….to the syllable ……..
these endings.

Parts
beginning
shorter
change
syllable
move
before
Stress in longer words
Ex1: Give stress to the following words

Electric electrician clinic

public atomic Music

musician decoration economic

communication identification population

scientific

Exercise 1 (page 10)
1. 0o nation clinic public

2. o0o relation romantic discussion

3. oo0o population scientific pessimistic

4. ooo0o communication pronunciation investigation

5. Oooo0o identification
6. ooooo0o telecommunication

Exercise 2(Page 10)
1. introduce introduction oo0o
2. base basic 0o
3. economy economic oo0o
4. describe description o0o
5. romance romantic o0o
6. compete competition oo0o
7. optimist optimistic oo0o
8. celebrate celebration oo0o
9. operate operation oo0o
10. explain explanation oo0o
11. decide decision o0o


Stress in longer words 2

Physics 0o.
chemistry 0oo
biology o0oo
Mathematics oo0o
history 0o
geography o0oo
Economics oo0o
geology o0oo
philosophy o0oo

Conclusion 3: There are many longer word endings where the last letter is –y. In the words with these endings, the stress is placed on the syllable …….. from the end.

two
Exercise 2 (page13)
How the stress pattern moving.

Photograph photography photographic
Economy economic economical
National nationality nationalize nationalization
Civil civility civilize civilization

Sentence stress
Ex1:hightline the sentence that doesn’t have the same stress pattern as the word….
1. 0oo cinema wasn’t it hasn’t she Don’t you?

2. o0o tomato close the door he told me I like it

3. oo0 afternoon does he drive? Were you cold?
What happened

4. o0o December It’s open they arrived they listened
Exercise 2
Ex2: Write the sentences in the correct column


Stress in compound words
In most compound words, the stress is on the
……...
Ex:……….
If the compound word is not a noun, ……..
…………
Ex: 00o bad-tempered
00 first class
0o0 overnight
first word
0o Bookshops

we often put stress on the second part too.

Stressed and unstressed words
In a sentence, we put stress on one syllable of all the most ……….. words
In some situations, emergencies for examples, all of the words are important. In this case, there is stress on one syllable of all of the words.
Ex: 000 Don’t turn round
Words that are usually stressed:………., …….., ………., …….., negative auxiliary verbs


important
verbs
two-part verbs
adjectives
nouns
PRONOUNCING THE VERB BE

Listen to these sentences and practice saying them.
Violets are blue.
Flowers are nice.
And so are you!
Roses are red.
How is the verb “be” pronounced in the sentences below?
She was first. You were last.
It wasn’t long They aren’t doctors
Am I right? Am I wrong?
Is it short? Is it long?
Are you hot? Are you cold?
Were they young? Were they old?
Is it false? Is it true?
Was it me? Was it you?
People are angry
Read the followings aloud.

Does she live in Ha noi?
Yes, she does
Does he love you?
No he doesn’t
Can they drive?
Yes , they can
Can’t you drive?
No, I can’t