San pham lam nghiep ngoai go

Some non-timber forest products in Vietnam
Definitions of NTFP
Non-timber forest products (NTFP): are products from forests except wood
NTFP play important roles:
to improve income of families, and local governments
to provide huge benefits for society such as increasing jobs, improving poverty
to protect environment and biodiversity
Six main groups
Oil and resin group: 60 species
Fibre group: 44 species
Food group: 52 species
Medical group: 76 species
Tanin, and dying group: 19 species
Ornamental group: 47 species
Some non-timber forest products harvested in Vietnam from 2000 -2003
Source:www.agroviet.gov.vn
An outline
Represent: 4 species in the oil and resin group and 1 species in the fibre group. Each will follow the following outline:
Name of species
Distribution
Plantation
Values
Cinnamomum cassia
In English names: Chinese cassia, Chinese cinnamon, Cassia lignea
Vietnamese name: Que don, que bi, que trung quoc
Cinnamomum cassia
Native distribution: China, Laos, Myanmar
Plantation: Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, South America, America



Cinnamomum cassia
In VietNam: Quang Ninh, CaoBang, Backan, Thai nguyen, Bac Giang, Lao cai,Yen Bai, HaGiang, TuyenQuang, HaTay, Ninh Binh, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, HaTinh, Quang Nam and Quang ngai Khanh Hoa, Ba Ria Vung Tau
Planted 70192 ha in Viet nam in 2004
Provided over 29 -30 thousands tones of bark
Cinnamomum cassia
Potential benefits
Better barks collected from stem and big branches
6-7 year-old plantation provide 5 -6 tones/hectare
Cinnamomum cassia
Climate conditions:
Attitude mainly at below 800m
Temperature: 20 -250C
Annual rainfall: 1600 – 2500mm
Red to yellow soils, sand soil pH = 4-6
Cinnamomum cassia
Bark contains 1 – 4% oils, of which 70 – 95% (E)-cinnamaldehyd
Leaves and young branches contain
0.3 -0.8% oils, of which 60 -90% (E)-cinnamaldehyd
Others: tannin, sugar, calci oxalat, coumarin

Cinnamomum cassia
Multipurpose:
Medical plant
Essential oil
Spice (distinct odour)
Timber



Pinus spp.
1. Pinus merkusii
English names: colophan, merkus pine
Vietnamese name: thong nhua
2. P. massoniana
English names: Maweisong pine
Vietnamese name: thong mavi
3. P. keysia
English names: Khasya pine, gum rosin pine, turpentin oil
Vietnamese name: thong 3 la
Pinus spp.
Pinus merkusii (thong nhua)
P. massoniana (thong mavi)
P. keysia (thong 3 la)
Planted in the whole country of Vietnam, about 400 thousands hectares
Pinus spp.
Pinus merkusii
In Viet Nam: Quang Ninh, Son La, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thua Thien Hue, Quang Nam, Binh Thuan, Kon Tum, Dak Lak, Lam Dong
Pinus spp.
P. massoniana
in Vietnam: Lang Son, Quang Ninh, HaGiang, Lai Chau, Vinh Phuc, Thai Nguyen, Ha Tay, Thanh Hoa, nghe An
Pinus spp.
P. keysia
in Vietnam: Lang Son, Cao Bang, Ha Giang, Quang Ninh, Yen Bai, Lai Chau, Son La, Kon Tum, Dak Lak,Gia Lai, Dak Nong, Lam Dong
Pinus spp.
P. keysia
Plantation: almost in South East Asia, South India
Can be found in LamDong, GiaLai, Daklak and HaGiang
Pinus spp.
P. keysia
Climate conditions:
Attitude from 300 – 2700m
Temperature: 15 -200C
Annual rainfall: 2000 -2500mm
Soils: pH = 4.8 -5.5

Pinus spp.
Multipurpose:
Provide resin: approximately 20 thousands tones in 2002 -2003
Potential production: about 600 thousands tones/year
Pinus spp.
Multipurpose:
- Oils
- Medical plants
- Pulp, floor wood
A main species for plantation
Illicium verum
English names: Chinese star anise, star anise, anise oil
Vietnamese name: cay Hoi
There are 40 species in South East Asia, and North America
Can be found 16 species in Viet nam, particularly 6 species only in Sapa (Lao Cai)
Illicium verum
Plantation:
In the worldwide: south China, Japan, India
In Viet nam: Lang Son, Quang Ninh, Cao Bang and Backan
Current report: 45 000 hectares in 2004 in VN
Potential benefits:
provide over 150-250 tones of oils/year
Over 3426 tones of fruits
10-20 year-old plants can provide 20 -30 kg/tree
Can harvest until 90-100 years old


Illicium verum
Climate conditions:
Attitudes: mainly at 200 – 600 m
Average temperature:18- 220C
Average rainfall: 1000 -2800 mm/year
Soils: thick surface, rich soil, good hygiene, pH = 5 -8
Illicium verum
Fruits and leaves contain oil: 3 -3.5% in fresh fruits, 8 – 13% in dried fruits and 0.3 -1% in leaves

Oils include: trans-anethol (80 – 98%) and others (limone,myrcen, sabinen, 4-terpineol)

Seeds contain 50 -80% fat oils (acid oleic, linoleic, stearic and myristic)

www.vnexpress.net
http://vi.wikipedia.org
Illicium verum
Multipurpose:
Medical plant
Essential oil
Timber
Spice
Wine, softdrink
Candy

www.vnexpress.net
http://vi.wikipedia.org
Aquilaria crassna
English names: agar wood, Malayan eaglewood
Vietnamese name: tram huong
Plantation in the worldwide: Laos, Cambodia
In Vietnam, there are 4 species (A.crassna, A.baillonii, A. banaensae and A. rugosa)
Aquilaria crassna
Planted in the whole country of Vietnam, mainly in Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang, Phu Tho, Vinh Phu, Hoa Binh, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Nam, Gia Lai, Khanh Hoa, Phu Yen and Phu Quoc
About 6000ha in 2005
Aquilaria crassna
Climate conditions
Attitude at 50 – 1200m
Average temperature: 20 – 280C
Annual rainfall: 1500 -2500 mm
Soils: thin surface, feralit, granit,
pH = 4 -6
Aquilaria crassna
Oils maintain agarofuranoid, sesquiterpenoid
According to Ishihara M. et.al. (1993): oils provide 27% 2-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethychromon, 15% 2- (2 -phenyletheyl) chromon
Aquilaria crassna
Main purposes:
Incense
Essential oil
Perfume
Cosmetic
Industrial products
Bambusease and Calameae
Include: 92 species in Bambusaceae and Arecaceae families such as Dendrocalamus spp., Phyllostachys spp.,Bambusa spp., Arundinaria sp.
Planted in the whole country of Vietnam,
Bamboo
75 thousands tones of Arecaceae, Calameae
100 thousands tones of song for export every year
Many products made from bamboo:
- Tooth stick, chopsticks
Incense
Bamboo furniture: roof
House-ware products: chairs, tables, baskets etc.
Pulp
Food
www.vietnam-trade.com.vn
Bamboo products
www.forum.ctu.edu.vn