Reported Speed (Tiếng Anh 12 )

Reported Speed
A, Contents Members:

I, Definition _Đỗ Văn Mười – [A6]Chủ Tỵck Lớp
II. Basic Rules _Vũ Thị Kiều Oanh
1.Pronoun changes (S/O) _Nguyễn Thị Tâm
2. Tense Changes _Nguyễn Thị Bình
a, Basic tense changes _Lã Thị Tâm
b, Other tense changes _Nguyễn Lương Bằng
3.Time and place changes _Nguyễn Văn Minh
4.Modal Verb Changes _Nguyễn Thu Hà (Hà Zô)
_Chử Thị Thu Hà
B,Rules


1.S/O
- Chủ ngữ trong câu trong ngoặc phải đổi cho phù hợp với chủ ngữ trong câu ngoài ngoặc. (Trừ trường hợp S ngoài ngoặc *Snn* là “I”.
- Nếu S trong ngoặc *Stn* là “I/We” thì chuyển theo Snn (“We” ( “ They”) - Stn là “you” thì phải căn cứ theo O ngoài ngoặc *Onn* Nếu Onn không co thì mặc định là “me”.
- Nếu Stn là ngôi thứ ba số ít hay nhiều thì không chuyển đổi.
* Notes: Tất cả các từ sở hữu, từ phản thân .tân ngữ được tạo tù một hay nhiều đại từ nhân xưng cũng được đổi theo quy tắc trên.


2. Tense changes
a.Basic tense changes : Go back a tense ( Lùi đi một thì )
b.Tense changes :
Direct speed
(
Inderect speed

Prensent Simple
Ex: She said “It is cold”.

(

 Past simple
She said it was cold.

Prensent continuous
Ex: Mr ĐVM said “I’m leaning English online”.

(
 Past Continuous
Mr ĐVM said he was leaning English online.

Prensent perfect simple
Ex: She said “I’ve been on the web since 1990”

(
 Past perfect simple
She said she had been on the web since 1990.

Prensent perfect continuous
Ex: Mr ĐVM said “ I’ve been becoming Vip Boy for 8 years”.

(
Past perfect Continuous
Mr ĐVM said he had been becoming Vip Boy for 8 years”.

 5. Past simple
Ex1: She said “I taught online yesterday”
Ex2: He said “I worte a letter to my brother”.

(
 Past perfect/ Past simple
She said she had taught online yesterday.
He said he worte a letter to his brother.
had written

Past continuous
Ex1: She said “I was teaching earlier”.
Ex2: He said “I was waiting at 8 O’clock”

(
 Past perfect continuous/past cont
She said she had been teaching earlier.
He said he was waiting at 8 o’clock

 7. Past perfect
She said “The lesson had already started when he arrived.”

(
 Past perfect
No change.

Past perfect continuous
She said “ I’d already been teaching for 5 minutes”.
(
 Past perfect continuous
No change.



3. Thay đổi trình tự từ và trạng từ, động từ khuyết thiếu.

Direct speed
(
Inderect speed

This
(
That

There
(
Those

 Here
(
These

Now
(
Then

Today
(
That day

Yesterday
(
The day before
The prerious day

Tomorrow
(
The day after
The following day

Ago
(
Before

Next week
(
The following week
The nextweek

May
(
Might

Might
(
Might

Could
(
Could/would be able to

Needn’t
(
Needn’t/didn’t have to

Shall/win
(
Should/would/be going to

Ought to
(
- ought to(bắt buộc)
- Shought (phải)

Must
(
Had to (Hiện tai)
Would have to (tương lai)

Mustn’t
(
Was not to (Were not to)


Cách chuyển trực tiếp sang gián tiếp :
a.Statement (Câu trần thuật)