Relative clause

GRAMMAR
RELATIVE CLAUSES

Relative
pronouns
Relative
adverbs
Who
Whom
Which
That
Whose
Where
When
Why
B./ GRAMMAR
RELATIVE CLAUSES
I. Presentation:
Who: person /S
The woman is very friendly. She lives next door.
The woman who lives next door is very friendly.
B./ GRAMMAR
RELATIVE CLAUSES
I. Presentation:
2. Whom: Person /O
The man is my uncle .You saw him yesterday.
The man whom you saw yesterday is my uncle.
B./ GRAMMAR
RELATIVE CLAUSES
I. Presentation:
3. Which: thing/ animal/ S/O
a./ The book is about Afica. It has some wonderful pictures.
The book which has some wonderful pictures is about Afica.
b./ The dress is lovely. I bought it last week.
The dress which I bought last week is lovely.
B./ GRAMMAR
RELATIVE CLAUSES
I. Presentation:
4. Whose : Possessive/ thing/person
This is my brother. His wife is French
This is my brother, whose wife is French.
B./ GRAMMAR
RELATIVE CLAUSES
I. Presentation:
5. That: restrictive clauses/ Who, Whom, Which
a. Mr Hai, who comes from Hue, teaches us English.
(Non- restrictive clauses)
b. The person that comes from Hue teaches us English
(Restrictive clauses)
B./ GRAMMAR
RELATIVE CLAUSES
I. Presentation:
6. When: ( at/on/in which) - time
I`ll never forget the day . I met her on that day.
I`ll never forget the day when I met her.
B./ GRAMMAR
RELATIVE CLAUSES
I. Presentation:
7. Where.( at/ on /in which)- place
This is the house . We often stay in this house in summer.
This is the house where we often stay in summer.
B./ GRAMMAR
RELATIVE CLAUSES
I. Presentation:
8. Why: ( for which)- reason
I don`t know the reason . He doesn`t love me for that reason.
I don`t know the reason why he doesn`t love me.
Relative clauses
1. Relative clauses can be reduced by using present participles.
- The man who is talking to Hung is his cousin.( active)
- The man talking to Hung is his cousin.( present participle)
When the verb in the clause is active, the present participle is used.
2. Relative clauses can be reduced by using past participles
- Tom , who was shocked at what he saw , couldn`t say a word.( passive)
- Tom , shocked at what he saw , couldn`t say a word.( past participle)
When the verb in the clause is passive, the past participle is used.
REDUCED FORM OF RELATIVE CLAUSES
II. GRAMMAR: Relative clauses and Omission of relative
pronouns
Ex: a. This is the novel. John wrote this novel.
 This is the novel which /that John wrote.
b. The girl is a singer. I saw her on TV last night.
 The girl who/whom/that I saw on TV last night is a singer.
 This is the novel John wrote.
 The girl I saw on TV last night is a singer.
+ But we can’t omit:
Notes:
+ Relative pronouns “who, whom, which, that” can be omitted when they are objects (O) in the sentences.
Ex: a. Dam Vinh Hung, who I saw yesterday, is a famous singer.
b. The house in which he lives is very old.
c. The diamond ring which / that is bought by Mary is expensive.
 relative pronouns after a comma (,) and a preposition.
 “who,which, that” as a subject (S).
Exercise 1. Combine the sentences, using relative pronouns and put relative pronouns in brackets ( ) if they can be omitted.
4. David Beckham is a famous football player. I saw him on T.V yesterday.
3. The student kept talking about the project. It was done last week.
2. I know the girl. I spoke to this girl this morning.
1. This is Mary. She is my sister in law.
6. The dam is nearly empty. We receive our water supply from it.
5. I’m reading the book. I bought it in 1996.
 This is Mary, who is my sister in law.
 I know the girl (who/whom/that) I spoke to this morning.
 The student kept talking about the project which/that was done last week.
 David Beckham, who/whom I saw on T.V yesterday, is a famous football player.
 I’m reading the book (which/that) I bought in 1996.
 The dam (which/that) we receive our water supply from is nearly empty.
CONSOLIDATION
Choose the best option to complete the sentences.
1. Do you know the man about ____ they’re talking?
A. whom B. where C. that D. who
2. Where is the girl ____ sells tickets?
A. who B. whose C. whom D. A&C are correct
3. I need to find a painting ____ will match the rest of my room.
A.  B. whom C. who D. which
4. What’s the music to ____ you are listening?
A. whose B. which C. whom D. that
5. This is Mr Jones, with ____ I have worked.
A. which B. who C. whom D. B&C are correct
6. The man ____ she is married to is an engineer.
A.  B. who C. whom D. all are correct
Note: whoever: bất cứ người nào mà… S/O
Whoever you marry, make sure he can cook.( O)
Whoever gets home first starts cooking dinner.( S)
II. Practice:
Exercise 1: Add who, whoever, whom, which , whose , where, why, when, that…to complete the following sentences.
II. Practice:
Exercise 1: Add who, whoever, whom, which , whose , where, why, when, that…to complete the following sentences.
………….. gains the most points wins the competition.
The book …………… you lent me is interesting.
She is the person ……………….… I met at the party.
Da lat is the place ………. I like to come
I don`t understand the reason ……….he was late.
The bag ………. is on the table is mine.
I can see a girl and her dog……… are running in the park.
The tree under……….. we usually sit and draw pictures is more than one hundred years old.
Whoever
which, that
whom, who, that
where
why
which
that
which
Exercise 2 Join the following sentences in two ways.
Example: Look at the man . He is teaching in the classroom.
Look at the man who is teaching in the classroom.
Look at the man teaching in the classroom.
1. The children were attracted by the show . It was performed by the animals.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………….…………..
……………………………………………………………………………….………..
………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Do you know the woman? She is coming toward us.
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………..……………………………
The children were attracted by the show which was performed by the animals.
The children were attracted by the show performed by the animals.
Do you know the woman who is coming toward us?
Do you know the woman coming toward us.?
3. The children receive a good education. They attend that school.
………………………………………………………………………….……
………………………….……………………………………………………
4. They live in a small house. It was built in 1977
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………….………………
The children who attend that school receive a good education.
The children attending that school receive a good education
They live in a small house that was built in 1977.
They live in a small house built in 1977
Exercise 3 Choose the best answer.
1. People …… that money is everything often become slaves to it.
a. who believe b. believing c. that believing d. either a or b
2. The paintings …… with a small red dot have already been sold.
a. which mark b. are marked c. marked d. marking
3. The violinist …. at the concert last night is internationally famous
a. played b. playing c. who play d. was playing
4. Mr Hung, ……… you met last week, is working for IBM.
a. who b. that c. whose d. which
5. This house was built 10 years ago. It is still in very good shape.
a. This house, which built 10 years ago, is still in very good shape.
b. This house, built 10 years ago, is still in very good shape.
c. This house, building 10 years ago, is still in very good shape.
d. This house which was built 10 years ago is still in very good shape.
d. either a or b
c. marked
b. playing
a. who
b. This house, built 10 years ago, is still in very good shape.

Examples:

1. The woman is Mary’s mother .
Mary is talking to
whom/that
her .
 The woman
is Mary’s mother .
whom/that Mary is talking to
 The woman to whom Mary is talking is her mother.
Or
2. This is the magazine.
I talked about yesterday.
 This is the magazine about which I talked yesterday.
This is the magazine
Or
which/that
it
which/that I talked about yesterday.
1. The woman
the magazine.
Mary is talking to her.
I talked about it yesterday.
RELATIVE PRONOUNS WITH PREPOSITIONS
Đại Từ Quan Hệ có Giới Từ
Examples:
Formal: trịnh trọng
1.The woman to whom Mary is talking is her mother.
2.This is the magazine about which I talked yesterday .
Informal: Thân mật, không nghi thức
1. The woman whom/that Mary is talking to is her mother.
2. This is the magazine which/that I talked about yesterday
- Trong mệnh đề quan hệ nếu sau động từ có 1 giới từ thì có thể đem giới từ đặt trước whom,which (không thể lược bỏ whom, which trong trường hợp này)
- that = who, whom,which; that không đứng sau giới từ và dấu (,) của mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định
- Nếu muốn lược bỏ whom , which thì đem giới từ ra sau động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định – mđ không có dấu phẩy.
Exercise 1 : Choose the suitable italicised words to complete the following sentences (p.122)
1. To whom it may concern .
2. It was a service for which I was grateful .
3. The success of a shared holiday depends on whom you share it with .
4 . Do you like the person who sits next to you ?
5. Midway through the second half , Manchester United scored their third goal , at that point Leeds United gave up completely .
6 . There is one person to whom I owe more than I can say .
who /
/ that
who /
/ whom
/ which
/ who
/ that
7. I must thank the man from whom I got the present .
Exercise 2:
Combine the following sentences,
using preposition + whom or which
Page 122

Examples:

1. She is the woman .
I told you about .
 She is the woman
whom
her
about whom I told you .
the woman .
2. The song was interesting .
we listened to last night .
which
it
 The song
was interesting .
to which we listened last night
The song
We listened to it last night .
I told you about her .
Now do exercise 2 page 122, number 1,2,4
1. The man was very kind . I talked to him yesterday.
 The man to whom I talked yesterday was very kind .
The man about whom I told you works in the hospital .
 Ms. Hoa ,to whom I talked yesterday ,is very kind .
4. Ms. Hoa is very kind . I talked to her yesterday.
2. The man works in the hospital . I told you about him .
 The movie about which they are talking is fantastic.
3. The movie is fantastic . They are talking about it .
4. Ms. Hoa is very kind . I talked to her yesterday.
1. The man was very kind . I talked to him yesterday.
2. The man works in the hospital . I told you about him .
3. The movie is fantastic . They are talking about it .
Exercise 3 (p.123)
Complete the following sentences , using who , whom , which or that.
4
Answer The Questions:
3
2
1
5
6
7
8
Team A
Team B
A & B
1. Jack is the one I miss most .
that
who/ whom/ which/ that
2. It was a kind of computer with I was not familiar .
which
who/ whom/ which/ that
3. Do you get on with the person lives next door ?
who
who/ whom/ which/ that
4. I must thank the man from I got the present .
whom
who/ whom/ which/ that
5.The meeting to I went was interesting .
which
who/ whom/ which/ that
6. It was the kind of accident for nobody
was really to blame .
which
who/ whom/ which/ that
Lucky number !
CONGRATULATIONS !
Team A are the winners
CONGRATULATIONS !
Team B are the winners
CONGRATULATIONS !
A & B are the winners
1./ Write 5 sentences using Relative clauses
2./ Prepare the new lesson: Test yourself B
Homework
GOODBYE
&
THANK YOU