PRESENT PERFECT

FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
The present perfect tense is formed with the present tense of have/has + the past participle.
Use “have” with I, you, we, they, or a plural noun(students).
Use “has” with she, he, it, or singular noun.
Ex: -Johny has eaten lunch.
-The students have finished their lesson.
STRUCTURE
Statement:

S + have/has +V3/ed.

Eg: -
-
Negative:

S + have/has + not + V3/ed.

Eg: -
-
3. Question:

Have/has + S + V3/ed?

Eg: -
-


MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
The present perfect (p.p) shows uninterrupted actions that started in the past and continue to the present

Eg: 1. Mary has worked for this company since 1998.
2. I have studied English for 5 years.
2. The p.p shows completed actions that happened in the past and may happen again in the future
Eg 1: She has been Hong kong several times.
Eg 2: I have listened this song 5 or 6 times.
3. The p.p shows actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past
Eg: 1. I have already seen that movie.
2. I haven`t finished my homework.
4. The p.p shows actions happen in the very recent past

Eg: 1. Have you finished that report?
- Yes, I have just finished it.
2. Tom has had breakfast. Now he`s going to school.
5. The adverbs are used in p.p
a) FOR:
For is used with a period of time( for six days, for a long time)
For used to mention a period of time extending into the present
Eg: I`ve lived in HCM city for 18 years.(and still live there)
Tom has learned Eng for 5 years.(now, he still learns Eng)
b) SINCE:
Since is used with a point in time and means "from that point to the time of speaking"
Eg: We`re been friends since our schooldays.
Since + clause:
Eg: I`ve worked here since I left school.
c) JUST:
shows time: "now" or "very close" with the time of speaking.
a past action has happened.
Eg: He has just left (so you`re too late to speak to him).
He has just finished homework (so he`s ready for school).

d) YET:
shows something didn`t happen before now(up to this time), but it may happen in the future.
Position: end of sentence.
Eg: He hasn`t come here yet.
Have you painted my fence yet?
e) ALREADY: an completed action
Eg: We have done it already.
He has already had lunch.
f) Another adverb to use in the p.p: as soon as, recently, still, so far,.

MORE EXERCISE
1. Where is Tom?
I him today, but he Mary that he`d be in for dinner.

2. You ever to give up smoking?

Yes, I last year, but then I that I was

getting fat so I again.

(not see)
(tell)
haven`t seen
told
(try)
(try)
(find)
(start)
Have
tried
found
started
tried

That house empty for a year. But

they down the `Fof Sale` sign,

so I suppose someone it.

You checking the accounts?

No, not quite. I about half so far.

Have
finished
have done
(be)
just (take)
(buy)
has been
have just taken
bought
(finish)
(do)