Passive voice

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 7: PASSIVE SENTENCE – CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động (active sentence) sang câu bị động (passive sentence):
Lấy tân ngữ của câu chủ động làm chủ ngữ của câu bị động.
Đổi động từ của câu chủ động thành động từ bị động: be + V_ed/ P3
S Vchủ động O


S V bị động (by + agent)

Bảng cấu trúc BIẾN ĐỔI CƠ BẢN:
TENSE - active
PASSIVE STRUCTURE

Present simple
People speak E here.
Am/is/are + P3/ V_ed
E is spoken here.

Present progressive
They are painting the house.
Am/is/are + being + P3/ Ved
The house is being painted.

Past simple
Somebody cleaned this room yesterday.
Was/were + P3/Ved
This room was cleaned yesterday.

Past progressive
My sister was baking the cakes.
Was/were +being +P3/Ved
The cakes were being baked by my sister.

Present perfect
He hasn’t won the jacket for years.
Have/has + been+ P3/ Ved
The jacket hasn’t been won for years.

Past perfect
They had destroyed all the documents.
Had + been + P3/ Ved
All the documents had been destroyed (by them).

Future simple
I’ll tell you when the times comes.
Will be + P3/ Ved
You’ll be told when the time comes.

Future progressive
We will be holding talks at this time next year.
Will be + being + P3/ Ved
Talks will be being held at this time next year.

Future perfect
You will have finished this report by Tuesday.
Will have been + P3/ Ved
This report will have been finished by Tuesday.

Be going to
We are going to buy her that house.
Am/is/are + going to be + P3/ Ved
She is going to be bought that house.

Model verbs
The managers must sign the cheque.
Can, should, must, may, might, … + be + P3/ Ved
The cheque must be signed by the managers.

Present infinitive
I want you to do it as soon as possible.
To be + P3/Ved
I want it (to) be done as soon as possible.

Perfect infinitive
We hope to have finished the job by next Sunday.
To have been + P3/ Ved
We hope the job (to) have been finished by next Sunday.

Present participle/ Gerund
I don’t like people telling me what to do.
Being + P3/ Ved
I don’t like being told what to do.

Perfect participle
Having warned them about the bandits, but they did not listen to me.
Having + been + P3/ Ved
Having been warned about the bandits, but they did not listen to me.

NOTES:
nếu có yếu tố thời gian thì để TIME ở cuối câu trong câu bị động.


Một số cấu trúc đặc biệt:
They/ people + say/think/believe …. + that + clause (S+V + …).
It is said/thought/believed… that + clause.
S + be + said/thought/believed… to + V + …
Have sb do st = Get sb to do st => Have/ Get st done (by sb).
Make sb do st => sb be made to do st.
Một số động từ đặc biệt: remember; want; try; like, hate ...
 E.g: I remember them taking me to the zoo. (active)
  I remember being taken to the zoo.(passive)



EXERCISE 1: CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.
My father waters this flower every morning.
John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night.
Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
We should clean our teeth twice a day.
Our teachers have explained the English grammar.
Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city.
Tom will visit his parents next month.
The manager didn’t phone the secretary this morning.
Did Mary this beautiful dress?
I won’t hang these old pictures in the living room.
The German didn’t build this factory during the Second World War.
The Greens are going to paint this house and these cars for Christmas Day.
Ann had fed the cats before she went to the cinema.
The students have discussed the pollution problems since last week.
Have the thieves stolen the most valuable painting in the national museum?
Some people will interview the new president on TV.
How many languages do they speak in Canada?
Are you going to repair those shoes?
He has broken his nose in a football match.
Have