Passive sentence

Bị động: Chủ ngữ chịu tác động của hành động.
Passive voice
Động từ trong Tiếng Anh có hai dạng
Chủ động: Chủ ngữ thực hiện hành động.
I- Form:

1.Simple present: S + am/is/are + PII.

2.Present continuous:S +am/is/are +being +PII.

3. Simple past: S + was/ were + PII.

Past continuous: S + was/ were + being + PII.

5. Present perfect:

6. present perfect continuous:
S + has/ have + been + PII.



7. Past perfect:

8. Past perfect continuous: S +had + been + PII.

9. Simple future:
S + will/ shall + be + PII.
10. future continuous:

11. Future perfect:

12: Future perfect continuous:

? S + will/ shall + have been + PII
13: near future:S + am/is/are going+ tobe+ PII.

14. Modal verbs : S + modal verbs + be + PII.

Can, could, may, might, have to, should, would,

ought to, used to + be + PII.
Ex: Take care of the children!
II- Các dạng đặc biệt của câu bị động.
Câu mệnh lệnh:
S + should/ must + be + PII.
? The children should be taken care of.
? Where were the good hidden ( by them)
2. Wh- questions:
Ex: Who wrote this play?
? By whom was this play written?
? Who was this play written by?
+ What did they steal?
? What was stolen by them?
+ Where did they hide the goods?
3. Động từ nguyên thể sau bị động.
people/ they
know
say
think+ that + clause it ( S giả)
consider to V
hope
believe
report
expect
understand
suppose
? Two people are reported to have been injured in the explosion.
Ex: + People know that he beats his wife.
? It is known that he beats his wife. ( S giả)
? He is known to beat his wife. ( infinitive)
+ People report that two people were injured in the explosion.
? It is reported that two people were injured in the explosion.
? Nhờ ai làm gì.
4. " Have something done"
a. causative active form:
+ Have Some body do something
+ Get somebody to do something
+ employ somebody to do something.
+ To ask/tell somebody to do something
She has her hair waved one a week.
PII
b. Causative passive form:
+ Have something done.
PII
Ex: She has a hairdresser wave her hair one a week. Sbd Sth
Tell, get, buy. bring, give, offer, pay, owe, teach, show, lend, send, hand, promise.
III- Special passive forms:
Câu có hai tân ngữ
S + V + Oi + Od
A newspaper has been bought for me.
Ex:Some one gave her a doll on the fifth birthday.
Oi Od
?She was given a doll on the fifth birthday.
? A doll was given to her on the fifth birthday.
+ She has bought me a newspaper.
? I have been bought a newspaper.
? She is supposed to wash the dishes.
2. It`s + one`s duty + to V: Trách nhiệm của ai đó là phải làm gì.
? S + to be + supposed + to V.
Ex: It`s your duty to clean the floor.
? You are supposed to clean the floor.
+ It`s her duty to wash the dishes.
3. S + V + O + V-ing.
a. Tân ngữ không cùng 1 đối tượng với chủ ngữ của câu.
Ex: He kept me waiting.?I was kept waiting.
b.Tân ngữ của V-ing chỉ cùng 1 đối tượng với chủ ngữ của câu ? being + PII.
+ He hates people looking at him.
? I remember being given a pen on my birthday.
? He hates being looked at.
Ex: I remember some one giving me a pen on my birthday.
? He was asked to do it.
4. S + V + O + (to) V.

a. Có (to)
* Tân ngữ của câu không cùng đối tượng với chủ ngữ của câu.
Ex: We asked him to do it.
S V O to v
? She expected to be offered a job.
* Tân ngữ của ( To V) chỉ cùng đối tượng với S của câu.
Ex: He would like some one to take him out to dinner.
? he would like to be taken out to dinner.
+ She expected them to offer her a job.
. We were made to do……
* Câu có cấu trúc would like/ love..không được chuyển theo cách thông thường
Ex: I would like to give Mary a present.
?I would like Mary to be given a present.
b. Không có (to). Trừ (let) sang bị động không có ( to) còn lại có (to).
Ex: They made us do a lot of work.
S V O
? We were allowed/ permitted to play video games yesterday.
c.Let Sb do sth?to be allowed/ permitted + to V
+ They let us play video games.

? We were let play video games yesterday.
To be .+ to V ? be to be + PII.
5. It is impossible to do some thing. ? S
+ can`t be + PII.
S + advise/ suggest/ recommend/ insist +

that + S should + PII.
6. Một số cấu trúc nguyên thể khác.
a. S + like/ love/ wish/ want + O + to V
Ex: He wants some one to take photographs.
? He wants photographs to be taken.
b.S + advise/suggest/recommend/insist + V-ing.
Ex; The window needs cleaning

= the window needs to be cleaned.
7. Need với nghĩa bị động.
Need + V-ing = need + to be + PII.
V đặc biệt
Đó là những V mà nghĩa của chúng sẽ thay
đổi khi V sau tân ngữ của chúng ở dạng
khác nhau
To see/to watch/ to hear sb/sth do

(hành động chứng kiến từ đầu đến cuối)
+ I hear the telephone ring.
To see/to watch/ to hear sb/sth doing sth

(hành động chứng kiến không trọn vẹn mà chỉ nhất thời)
+ I see her singing.