Mo hoc p1

Chapter 4, part 1
The Tissue Level of Organization
Learning Objectives
Identify the four major tissue types and describe their functions.
Describe the relationship between form and function for each tissue type.
Discuss the types and functions of epithelial tissues.
Compare the structure and function of connective tissues.
Learning Objectives
Explain the structure and function of the four types of membrane.
Describe the three types of muscle tissue and the structural features of each.
Discuss the basic structure and role of neural tissue.
SECTION 4-1
Tissues of the Body: An Introduction
Tissues are:
Collections of specialized cells and cell products organized to perform a limited number of functions
Histology = study of tissues
The four tissue types are:
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Tissues and tissue types
Includes glands and epithelium
Glands are secretory
Is avascular
Forms a protective barrier that regulates permeability
Cells may show polarity
Epithelial tissue
Physical protection
Control permeability
Provide sensation
Produce specialized secretions
Functions of epithelium
Perform secretory functions
Perform transport functions
Maintain physical integrity
Ciliated epithelia move materials across their surface
Specializations of epithelium
Figure 4.1 The Polarity of Epithelial Cells
Figure 4.1
Cells attach via cell adhesion molecules (CAM)
Cells attach at specialized cell junctions
Tight junctions
Desmosomes
Gap junctions
Maintaining the integrity of epithelium
Figure 4.2 Intercellular connections
Figure 4.2
Animation: Intercellular connections
PLAY
Basal lamina attaches to underlying surface
Lamina lucida
Lamina densa
Germinative cells replace short-lived epithelial cells
Structure of typical epithelium
Number of cell layers
Simple
Stratified
Shape of apical surface cells
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Classification of epithelia
Figure 4.3 Squamous Epithelia
Figure 4.3
Figure 4.4 Cuboidal Epithelia
Figure 4.4a
Figure 4.4 Cuboidal Epithelia
Figure 4.4b
Figure 4.4 Transitional Epithelium
Figure 4.4c
Figure 4.5 Columnar Epithelia
Figure 4.5a
Figure 4.5 Columnar Epithelia
Figure 4.5b
Figure 4.5 Columnar Epithelia
Figure 4.5c