Lý thuyết và bài tập về cụm từ và mệnh đề chỉ mục đích

PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF PURPOSE
1. Cụmtừchỉmụcđích:
Khẳngđịnh: S + V + to / in order to / so as to + V1 …
Ex: He went to France to study French.
He does morning exercises in order to improve his health.
Phủđịnh: S + V + in order not to / so as not to + V1 …
Ex: She is hurrying so as not to miss the bus.
* For + Noun: cũngcóthểđượcdùngđểnóiđếnmụcđíchcủaaikhilàmviệcgìđó.
I went to the store for some bread.
* For + O + to-inf. dùngđểnóiđếnmụcđíchliênquanhànhđộngcủangườikhác
I gave him my address. I wanted him to write to me.
→ I gave him my address for him to write to me.
2. Mệnhđềchỉmụcđích:
- Khẳngđịnh: S+ V + so that / in order that + S + will / can / would / could …+ V1
Ex: I’ll try my best to study English so that I can find a better job.
- Phủđịnh: S + V + so that / in order that + S + won’t / can’t / couldn’t / wouldn’t …+ V1 ..
Ex: I put the milk in the fridge in order that it won’t spoil.
Note: Khimệnhđềchínhvàmệnhđềtrạngngữchỉmụcđichkhôngcùngchủtừthìkhôngnêndùngcụmtừchỉmụcđích; cóthểdùng for + O + to-inf
Ex: I left the door unlocked so that my son could get in.1. He left home early _________ he could arrive at the station on time.
A. because of B. in order to C. although D. so that
2. He works hard_________ help his family.
A. so as that B. in order to C. in order that D. A and B are correct
3. She turned down the radio so that she wouldn’t disturb the neighbors.
A. She turned down the radio so as not to disturb the neighbors.
B. She turned down the radio in order not to disturb the neighbors.
C. She turned down the radio in order that she wouldn’t disturb the neighbors.
D. All are correct.
4. He gave me his address. He wanted me to visit him.
A. He gave me his address so as to visit him.
B. He gave me his address for me in order to visit him.
C. He gave me his address in order for me to visit him.
D. He gave me his address in order to for me visit him.
5. He studies hard. He doesn’t want to fail in the exam.
He studies hard _________fail in the exam.
A. not to B. so as not to C. in order to D. so that
6. Mary jogs everyday ________ lose weight.
A. so she can B. so that she can C. because she can D. so that to
7. You should look up the meaning of the new in the dictionary _______ misuse it
A. so as to B. to C. so as not to D. so that
8. He lighted the candle ________ he might read the note.
A. so that B. and C. because D. as a result
9. He turned off the lights before going out _______ waste electricity.
A. so that not B. as not to C. in order that not D. so as not to

EX2: Combine sentences:
The boys stood on the desks . They wanted to get a better view.

We learn English. We want to have better communication with other people.

We lower the volume . We don`t want to bother our neighbours.


I will write to you. I want you to know my decision soon.

these girls were talking whispers. They didn`t want anyone to hear their conversation.


The little girl feigned to be sick. She hoped We didn`t make her work.





Phrases and clauses of reason
(Cụmtừvàmệnhđềchỉlý do)
1. Cụmtừchỉlý do
Because of / Due to + V-ing / Noun / pronoun
Eg: We didn’t go out due to the cold weather.
They are here because of us.
2. Mệnhđềchỉlý do:
Because / As / Since / Seeing that + S + V
Eg: They can’t go out because / as / since it is very cold outside.

Note: Ngoàicáccụmtừ hay đượcsửdụngnhưtrên, còncócáccụmtừsau:
- For/ in that/ in as much as: cũngđượcdùngđểđưaralí do tronglốivăntrangtrọng
Eg: The film is unusual in that it features only four actors (Bộphimthậtlạvìnóchỉcó 4 diễnviên).
- Now (that) = because of the fact that
Eg: Now (that) the exams are over, I can enjoy myself ( Vìnhữngkìthiđãtrôi qua nêntôithấyrấtthoảimái).


Exercise 1. “Because” or “because of”
1. It was difficult to deliver the letter _______ the sender had written the wrong address on the envelope.
2. Rescue attempts were temporarily halted ________ the bad weather
3. Just