LUYỆN TS VAO LOP 10 : PASIVE VOICE

( DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG (PASSIVE VOICE):
Cấu trúc khái quát: S + be + V-ed/3

Active: S + V + Obj.



Passive: S + Be + V-ed/3 + ( by Obj)


Tenses
Active
Passive

1. Simple present
S + V(s/es)
S + am / is / are + V-ed/3

2.Present continuous
S + am/is/are +V-ing
S + am/is/are + being + V-ed/3

3. Present perfect
S + has/have + Ved/3
S + has/have + been + V-ed/3

4. Simple past
S + Ved/2
S + was/ were + V-ed/3

5. Past continuous
S + was/ were +V-ing
S + was/ were + being + V-ed/3

6. Simple future
S + will + V(o)
S + will + be + V-ed/3

8. Modal verbs: can,could,will,would,shall,should,may,
might, must,used to ,have to, has to, had to…
S + can/could/should/must/may + Vo
S + can/must … + be + V-ed/3

9. Động từ đặc biệt:
Have / Get
S + have + O1 (person) + V(0) + O2 (thing)
I had him repair my bicycle yesterday.

S + get + O1 ( person ) + to-V + O2 (thing )
I get her to make some coffee.
S + have + O2 (thing) + V-ed/3
I had my bicycle repaired yesterday.

S + get + O2 + V-ed/3
I get some coffee made.

Cấu trúc cụ thể:

* Chú ý: _BY + me/ him/ her/ you/ them/us/ it/ someone/somebody/no one/nobody/people nên lượt bỏ khỏi câu bị động.
_ Trạng từ/ cụm trạng từ chỉ thời gian đặt sau “By + O”
* Thể bị động qua các thì:
1. Thì hiện tại đơn:
S + AM/ IS/ ARE + V3/ ed + by + O
Ex: She cleans the house every day
_ The house is cleaned ( by her) every day
2. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành:
S + HAVE/ HAS + BEEN + V3/ ed + by + O
Ex: The fire has destroyed the house for two years
_ The house has been destroyed by the fire for two years
3. Thì quá khứ đơn:
S + WAS/ WERE + V3/ ed + by + O
Ex: My mother bought a bottle of milk yesterday
_ A bottle of milk was bought by my mother yesterday
4. Thì tương lai đơn:
S + WILL + BE + V3/ed + by + O
Ex: They will build a new school in this city
_ A new school will be built in this city ( by them)
5. Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn:
S + AM/ IS/ ARE + BEING + V3/ed + by + O
Ex: I am cooking dinner in the kitchen now
_ Dinner is being cooked in the kitchen (by me) now
6. Quá khứ tiếp diễn:
S + WAS/ WERE + BEING + V3/ed + by + O
Ex: She was cooking dinner at that time yesterday
_ Dinner was being cooked ( by her) at that time yesterday
7. Động từ khiếm khuyết:
S + ( can/ should/ may/ must…) + BE + V3/ed + by + O
Ex: You must do this exercise carefully
_ This exercise must be done carefully

Example:
1/ Tom delivers the mail every day
 ---> The mail is delivered every day by Tom
2/ Fire destroyed that house
----> That house was destroyed by fire
3/ Bob took that book from the desk
----> That book was taken from the desk by Bob
4/ Barbara will eat the cake
----> The cake will be eaten by Barbara
5/ Beth has finished the report
----> The report has been finished by Beth
6/ The police easily captured the thief
----> The thief was easily captured by the police
7