Linus Pauling

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LINUS CARD PAULING
Who is he?
Pauling-the
great
Chemists
of the 20th
Century
America
Linus Pauling was born in Portland, Oregon,USA on February 28th, 1901.
He is the only son of a druggist, Herman Henry William ,
and Lucy (Darling) Pauling.

His father died
when he was only
nine years old.
Pauling frist planned to become a chemist after being amazed by experiment conducted with a small chemistry lab kit by his friend, Lloyd A.Jeffress.
In high school, Pauling continued to conduct chemistry experiment, borrowing much of the equipment and material from an abandoned steel plant.
In 1919,the Oregon State College offered him a position teaching quantitative analysis, a course he has just finished taking himself.
He received a degree in chemical engineering from the Oregon Agricultural College (now Oregon State University) in 1922 .
And a Ph.D in chemistry from the California Institute of Technology in 1925.
Dr. Pauling joined the faculty of California Institute of Technology in 1925, where he started theoretical work on the nature of the chemical bond.


Dr. Pauling married Ava Helen Miller (English-Scottish and German descent) in 1923.
They have four children
Lucile, Linus, Belle and Pauline Pauling,
In 1931, the American chemical society awarded him the Langmuir prize for the most significant work in pure science.
In 1932, he introduced the concept of electronegativity.
The work of Pauling on the nature of chemical bonds
(including the concepts of resonace and hybridizatation
(sự lai hóa)) has radically changed the chemistry.
Beside ,he reseach about biology
In 1951 Pauling proposed that DNA was a triple helix in structure. He was proven wrong, based on some faulty assumptions. However, his proposals, spurred Watson and Crick to revaluate their model of DNA and eventually come up with the correct structure: a double helix.

Recounts Pauling’s application of quantum mechanics to the scientific understanding of molecular architecture, research that revolutionized (cuộc cách mạng hóa) structural chemistry and resulted in Pauling’s 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Linus and Ava Helen
Pauling forcefully
spoke out against
Cold War militarism
(chủ nghĩa quân phiệt),
nuclear proliferation
(sự phát triển)
and radioactive
(phóng xạ) fallout
by collecting a list
signature of scientists.
For his work as a
fighter, Linus Pauling
received the 1962
Nobel Peace Prize.

In his last year, much of rift in relations with other organizations Pauling was healing (đang lành lại, hàn gắn)
American Chemical Society has awarded him the highest honor in 1984 Priestley Medal.
He died on 18-09-1994 (by cancer) at his farm in North Carolina, dies at age 93.
During of his life, he was awarded 40 prize and medal, and wrote a lot of books,such as:
Wrote “The Nature of the Chemical Bond”
Wrote a number of books about vitamin C such as: “Vitamin C and the Common Cold”, “Cancer and Vitamin C: A Dicussion of the Nature, Causes, Prevention, and Treatment of Cancer with Special Reference to the Value of Vitamin C,” and “How to Live Longer and Feel Better.”
This is his family
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