LIÊN KẾT HÓA HỌC ĐẶC BIỆT-T.Anh

Inorganic Chemistry – An Overview
Nestor S. Valera
Department of Chemistry
Ateneo de Manila University
Inorganic Chemistry …
Originally meant “nonliving chemistry”.

Now includes other subjects e.g. structure, reactivity, catalysis, stability, symmetry, experimental techniques; gas-phase, solution, and solid-state chemistry; superconductors, clusters, coordination compounds, bioinorganic molecules, etc.
Why do we study inorganic chemistry?
To fine-tune chemistry concepts learned during earlier formative years.
To provide tools to assist the student in rationalizing structure and reactivity.
To report the discovery of novel compounds and/or synthetic processes.
Organic vs. Inorganic Compounds
Organic and Inorganic Molecules
Terminal and Bridging Groups
Metal-metal bonds
Sigma-, Pi-, and Delta-bonds
Crystal Field Theory
MO Diagrams of ML6 (sigma only)
Classes of Inorganic Reactions
acid-base
addition
elimination
oxidation-reduction
insertion
substitution
rearrangement
metathesis
solvolysis
chelation
cyclizationn and condensation
nuclear reactions
Chemical Equilibrium
for any chemical reaction

aA + bB + cC +... = kK + lL + mM



The Reaction Free Energy
G = H - TS
ΔG = ΔH – TΔS (at constant temperature)
ΔrG = ΣΔfG(products) - ΣΔfG(reactants)
ΔrG = -RT ln K
Spontaneous Process: ΔrG < 0
Kinetics
Provides insight into the mechanism of a reaction.
A kinetic study begins with the determination of the empirical rate law.
The rate of a reaction may be modified by the use of a catalyst.
A “Spontaneous” Process...
ΔrG < 0 (sufficiently negative reaction free energy)
The rate of the reaction is appreciable.
Chemistry is Not a Fragmented Discipline...
acid/base chemistry, organometallics (with organic chemistry)
redox, spectra, solubility (with analytical chemistry)
structure, spectra, theory (with physical chemistry)
organometallic catalysts (with polymer chemistry)
coordination compounds (with biochemistry)