LANGUAGE FOCUS - UNIT 2 - ENGLISH 12

1. like / long dress / conical leaf hat / be / one / typical symbols / Vietnam.
Like the long dress, the conical leaf hat is one of the typical symbols of Vietnam.
2. it / be / symbol / Vietnamese women / part / spirit / Vietnamese nation.
It is not only a symbol of Vietnamese women but also part of the spirit of the Vietnamese nation.
3. leaf hat / make / special kind / bamboo / young /soft / palm leaves.
The leaf hat is made from a special kind of bamboo and young and soft palm leaves.
4. diameter / be / 45-50 cm/ height / 25-30 cm.
The diameter is from 45 to 50 cm and the height is from 25 to 30 cm.


5. first / form / cover with / palm leaves.
First, the form is covered with the palm leaves.
6. then / leaves / sew / around / ribs.
Then, the leaves are sewed around the ribs.
7. hat / use / protect / people / sun /rain.
The hat is used to protect people from sun and rain.
8. girls / women / wear / hat / look / more pretty /
attractive.
The girls and women who wear (wearing) the hat will look more pretty and attractive.
1. Like the long dress, the conical leaf hat is one of the typical symbols of Vietnam.
2. It is not only a symbol of Vietnamese women but also part of the spirit of the Vietnamese nation.
3. The leaf hat is made from a special kind of bamboo and young and soft palm leaves.
4. The diameter is from 45 to 50 cm and the height is from 25 to 30 cm.
5. First, the form is covered with the palm leaves.
6. Then, the leaves are sewed around the ribs.
7. The hat is used to protect people from sun and rain.
8. The girls and women wearing the hat will look more pretty and attractive.
Model:
The conical leaf hat is one of the typical symbols of the Vietnamese culture because it cannot be found anywhere else in the world. The leaf hat is not only a symbol of Vietnamese women but has also become part of the spirit of the Vietnamese nation.
The hat is made from a special kind of bamboo and young and soft palm leaves. It has a conical form. The diameter of the hat is from 45 to 50 cm and it is from 25 to 30 cm high. The form is covered with the palm leaves. Finally, the hat is trimmed and painted with a coat of attar oil.
The leaf hat is used like an umbrella to protect people from the sun or the rain. Beneath the broad rims of the leaf hat, the girls and women look more pretty and attractive.
PRONUNCIATION:
The pronunciation of –ed endings:

1. “-ed" ending is pronouced /d / after:
/b/ , /d/ , /g/, /v /, / z / // , /m/ , / n/ , / ŋ/ , /ð/ , /l/ , /r/, /j/, / w/ + vowels
Ex: robbed, rained, arrived, explained, played, .....
2. “-ed" ending is pronouced /t/ after:
/p/ , / k/ , / f/ , / / , / s/ , / ∫/ , / t∫/ , / h/
Ex: washed, looked, laughed, watched, jumped, .....
3. “-ed" ending is pronouced /id/ after:
/ d/ ; / t /
Ex: decided, wanted, mended, recommended, supported .....
PRONUNCIATION:
1. The pronunciation of –ed endings:
+ “-ed" ending is pronouced /d/ after:
/b/ , /d/ , /g/, /v /, / z / // , /m/ , / n/ , / ŋ/ , /ð/ , /l/ , /r/, /j/, / w/ + vowels
+ “-ed" is pronouced /t/ after: /p/ , / k/ , / f/ , / / , / s/ , / ∫/ , / t∫/ , / h/
+ “-ed" ending is pronouced /id/ after: / d/ ; / t /
2. Practice: /t/: walked ; knocked ; jumped; helped; missed;
/d/: explained ; phoned ; rained; arrived; involved;
/id/: wanted ; arrested ; started; mended; decided
1. She walked to the window and looked outside.
2. The driver stopped his car at the crossing where a woman was knocked down.
3. Jane phoned for an ambulance and the police, but they arrived late.
4. The police arrested the thief yesterday.
5. He decided to give up smoking.
PRONUNCIATION
GRAMMAR: Review of tenses
Exercise 1:
Complete the conversation with the correct form of the following verbs:
see ; drink ; write ; cook
Exercise 1: Complete the conversation with the correct form of the verbs:
see ; drink; write; cook
1. A: ...............you ............... The Titanic yet? B: Yes, I have. I ................... it last night. Why? A: I ................................................. it next Friday.
2. A: Who ................. all the soda? B: Not me. I ............................... any soda at all since last week. I ................ water all week. It’s much healthier.
3. A: Susan .......................... a lot of books recently. B. ............ she ............ Wildest Dreams? A. Yes, she did. She ............... that one about 5 years ago.
4. A. You ...................................... for hours. When are we eating dinner? B. I’ve just finished. I ....................... some special for you. It’s called “Ants on a tree” A: Gross! B: Actually, I ........................... it for you many times before. It’s just meatball with rice noodles.
Have seen
saw
am going to see / am seeing
drank
haven’t drunk
drank
has written
Did write
wrote
have been cooking
cooked
cooked
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to fill in the blank Rose mary is a wildlife photographer. She (1)...................... in Uganda for many years. She (2) ............................... elephants for twenty years. She (3)........... thousands of pictures since the 1980s. Last year, she (4)............. an international prize for nature photography. She (5) .......... many prizes over the years. Recently, Ms Dare (6) .............. interested in rhinos. She (7)........................ them for the last few months. I am sure we (8) .......... some interesting photos soon.
has been living
has been photographing
has taken
won
has won
has become
has been tracking
will see
Exercise 3: Complete the letter with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Dear Mr. Jones, I am writing this letter to complain about the noise from Apartment 3c. I into Apartment 2c on November 1st. Since I ... in my upstairs neighbours have played their stereo loudly everynight. I them to turn it down several times. But they the noise yet. I`m a student and I every night. I my final exams next month unless the noise stops. I would be grateful if you to my meighbours and ask them to turn down their stereo after 10p.m. Sincerely Jony
(1.move)...
moved
moved
(2.move)
(3.ask)........
have asked
(4. not stop).....
haven`t stopped
(5.study)...
study
(6. fail) .....
will fail
(7. can talk)....
can talk
- Review the tenses
- Do exercises 1, 2, 34 (workbook)