How to write ielts writing task 2.

Ielts writing task 2
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF IELTS QUESTIONS
Agree or Disagree
Advantages/Benefits outweigh Disadvantages/Drawbacks
Discuss two views plus your opinion
Discuss two views only (no opinion)
Causes/Problem and Solution
Two questions/ two-part questions
Opinion
1. AGREE OR DISAGREE
Some people think that scientists experimenting with animals in a laboratory is the only way we can guarantee new products will be safe for human use. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
Fatherhood ought to be emphasized as much as motherhood. The idea that women are solely responsible for deciding whether or not to have babies leads on to the idea that they are also responsible for bringing the children up. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Currently there is a trend towards the use of alternative forms of medicine. However, at best these methods are ineffective, and at worst they may be dangerous. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2. ADVANTAGES/BENEFITS vs. disadvantages/drawbacks
In some countries, governments are encouraging industries and businesses to move to regional areas outside the big cities. Do the advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages?
Unemployment is one of the most serious problems facing developed nations today. What are the advantages and/or disadvantages of reducing the working week to thirty five hours?
3. Discuss 2 views plus your opinions
Some people say children no longer need to develop handwriting skills. Others believe that handwriting is still important. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
Some people think children in secondary school should study international news as part of the curriculum. Others think that this would be a waste of time as there are already too many subjects for children to concentrate on. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
4. Discuss two views only (no opinion)
Many people believe that an effective public transport system is a key component of a modern city. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of public transport.
In some countries people pay different rates of tax depending on their salary, in other countries everyone pays the same rate. Which do you believe is the best system?
5. CAUSE/PROBLEMS AND SOLUTION
Crime rates tend to be higher in cities than in smaller towns. Explain some possible reasons for this problem and suggest some solutions.
6. TWO QUESTIONS OR TWO-PART QUESTIONS
To some people studying the past has little value in the modern world.  Why do you think it is important to do so? What will be the effect if children are not taught history?
7. OPINION
Research indicates that the characteristics we are born with have much more influence on our personality and development than other experiences we may have in life. Which do you consider to be the major influence?
HOW TO WRITE IELTS WRITING TASK 2
INSTRUCTIONS
How to write the Agree or Disagree Essay
notice
For the agree/disagree essay, I think it’s probably easiest to just completely agree or completely disagree because you just need to have 2 reasons to support why.
Remember, the examiner is marking you on how you express, organize and support your ideas. They aren’t judging you on your opinion. As long as it’s logical and cohesive (your argument is supported and your ideas stick together) and written clearly, you will get a higher mark.
outline
Introduction - introduce topic and give your clear answer to the task question (I fully agree or disagree with the claim)
Main Reason #1 why you agree or disagree - give examples and supporting details
Main Reason #2 why you agree or disagree - give examples and supporting details
Conclusion - restate your opinion (this is a very short paragraph – probably 1 to 2 sentences)
SAMPLE WRITING TASK
Many children these days have an unhealthy lifestyle. Both schools and parents are equally responsible for solving this problem.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Sample outline
Introduction – Write a sentence about the topic, paraphrase the claim and give my opinion.
E.g.:
I completely disagree. I think only parents are fully responsible for solving this problem.
Sample outline
2. Main Reason #1 
I believe parents are fully responsible for solving this problem.
main caregiver and spend the most time with their kids
should be the primary role model of living a healthy lifestyle
most effective because parents provide child’s food/meals and guidelines for child’s free time and activities
Sample outline
3. Main Reason #2
Schools should not be responsible for solving this problem.
Schools should focus on academics – reading/writing/maths and science
Teachers have a relatively small amount of time with each child – they have to worry about a classroom full of 30+ children
least effective because they don’t provide for the child’s regular diet
Sample outline
4. Conclusion – restate my opinion that I completely disagree and believe that only parents, rather than parents and schools equally, are responsible for changing children’s unhealthy lifestyles.
SAMPLE ANSWER
In the media we often hear or read about the rising trend of children leading unhealthy lifestyles. While many believe both schools and parents share equal responsibility for solving this problem, I disagree and feel that parents are fully responsible for changing the unhealthy lifestyles of their children.
As the main caregiver and educator, parents spend the most time with their children and therefore are the biggest influence on the way their child eats and acts. The best way to solve this is to be a role model for their child, by making healthy choices on what to eat and how much activity or sports they take part in. If a child sees their parent eating vegetables or goes for a walk with them after dinner, their habits will change for the better. Besides, with parents in control of providing the child’s day-to-day food and organizing their child’s free time activities, they are the most effective ones to tackle this problem.
Because the primary purpose of school is to focus on academics and learning development, schools should not be responsible for solving the problem of children’s unhealthy lifestyles. Moreover, with 20 students or more in a classroom, teachers already have a relatively small amount of time with each child to actually influence their decisions on what to eat and what to do. In short, schools would be the least effective because they have no control or means over what each child eats or how they spend their free time.
To sum up, I believe that only parents, rather than parents and schools equally, are responsible for changing children’s unhealthy lifestyles. As primary caregivers and role-models, parents, rather than schools, are closest and most influential to each child.
( 287 words)
HOW TO WRITE the introduction
The introduction should be clear and concise. It doesn’t need to be very long and grand since this is a short 250-word essay. Here’s what it should include:
a paraphrase (use of different words but same meaning) of the topic and issue presented in the task question. Write a sentence introducing the topic and giving some background facts about it.
your opinion (if it is asked, please see the different types of Task 2 questions). Tell the reader what you are going to be writing about
It should be 2 -3 sentences.
THESIS STATEMENT
A thesis statement is a sentence (or two) that states what you are going to do in your essay. It is a kind of asignpost – something that tells you where to go- or a map that shows the reader what direction your essay will take. It usually comes at the end of the Introduction.
THESIS STATEMENT
E.g.
In this essay, I will outline the arguments for and against sex education in schools.
In this essay, I will examine some reasons for the growth of the tourism industry.
Or
This essay looks at ideas in favour of and against early marriage.
This essay will discuss the benefits of having universal free health care.
THESIS STATEMENT
OTHER SAMPLE
Many children these days have an unhealthy lifestyle. Both schools and parents are equally responsible for solving this problem.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Model answer
In the media we often hear or read about the rising trend of children leading unhealthy lifestyles. While many believe both schools and parents share equal responsibility for solving this problem, I disagree and feel that parents are fully responsible for changing the unhealthy lifestyles of their children.
Early technological developments helped ordinary people and changed their lives more than recent developments. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Modal answer:
Our lives have greatly benefited from technological developments throughout history. While some people feel that early inventions helped ordinary people more than recent technological developments, I feel both early and recent advances have had an equally significant impact on ordinary people.
OTHER SAMPLE
Blood sports have become a hot topic for debate in recent years. As society develops it is increasingly seen as an uncivilized activity and cruel to the helpless animals that are killed. Blood sports should be banned. To what extent to you agree or disagree?
Model answer
Despite the fact that killing animals for sport is popular in modern society, it remains a contentious issue. I believe that blood sports are cruel and uncivilized and so should be banned as soon as possible.
OTHER SAMPLE
Currently there is a trend towards the use of alternative forms of medicine. However, at best these methods are ineffective, and at worst they may be dangerous. To what extent do you agree with this statement?

Model answer:

Alternative medicine is not new. It is accepted that it pre-dates conventional medicine and it is still used by many people all over the world. I am unconvinced that it is dangerous, and feel that both alternative and conventional medicine can be useful.
OTHER SAMPLE
2. ADVANTAGES/BENEFITS vs. disadvantages/drawbacks
In some countries, governments are encouraging industries and businesses to move to regional areas outside the big cities. Do the advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages?
Modal answer:
As  business growth becomes a priority worldwide, industries and businesses in some countries are  being encouraged to relocate away from the big cities to regional areas. While this may have some disadvantages, I feel there are more advantages to benefit everyone
Some people think children in secondary school should study international news as part of the curriculum. Others think that this would be a waste of time as there are already too many subjects for children to concentrate on. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Model answer
While some people are of the opinion that it would be useful to include international news as a subject in the school curriculum, others believe that this is a waste of students time because they are already overloaded with subjects to study. This essay will examine both sides of the issue.
3. Discuss 2 views plus your opinions
exercise
Other SAMPLEs
Television is dangerous because it destroys family life and any sense of community; instead of visiting people or talking with our family we just watch television.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
A big part of many people’s lives these days is spent watching television. The average adult can routinely watch two or three hours a day, while many children spend the equivalent of a working week in front of the television. The question is whether or not this development is harmful to families and/or communities.
It is undoubted/undeniable that the excessive amount of time spent/wasted on watching television does great harm to the communication/interaction within families and even the communities.
Vocabulary
http://www.scribd.com/doc/43595978/Conclusion-Vocabulary
Golden rules
make sure you answer the question
either summarize or restate your position
do not use new information
aim for 2/3 sentences
Ideas
Make sure you answer the question as it is asked. For example, if the question asks you “to what extent”, make sure your conclusion says how much you agree.
Balance your introduction and conclusion – using the sandwich technique
Vary your vocabulary: do not repeat the language of your introduction or the question word for word
Do not try and include too much information: state your position and choose your best argument for or against. Do not try and summarize all your arguments.
OTHER SAMPLES
Migrant workers
Some people working abroad bring their family for a period of time. Do you think it has more advantages or disadvantages?
This is clearly an important issue and there is no easy answer. My personal conclusion is that each case should be judged on its own merits and individuals need to make their own choices. For some migrant workers there are very clear benefits in having their family around them, for others this would only create more problems.
Other samples
Currently there is a trend towards the use of alternative forms of medicine. However, at best these methods are ineffective, and at worst they may be dangerous. To what extent do you agree with this statement?
Model answer
To sum up, I strongly believe that conventional medicine and alternative therapies can and should coexist. They have different strengths, and can both be used effectively to target particular medical problems. The best situation would be for alternative therapies to be used to support and complement conventional medicine.
OTHER SAMPLES
Blood sports have become a hot topic for debate in recent years. As society develops it is increasingly seen as an uncivilized activity and cruel to the helpless animals that are killed. Blood sports should be banned. To what extent to you agree or disagree?
Model answer
To conclude, it is clear that blood sports must be prohibited as no civilized society should allow the pain and suffering of animals simply for fun. I hope that governments around the world discuss this issue with haste and forbid this inhumane type of sport as soon as possible.
OTHER SAMPLES
Compulsory Education
Everyone should stay in school until the age of eighteen. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
In conclusion, there are certainly good arguments to be made in favour of compulsory education until the age of 18. However, I believe that most 16 year olds are able to make informed decisions about their career and so they should be allowed to leave school at that age.
OTHER SAMPLES
Maternity leave
Mothers generally stay home to take care of their children after pregnancy. Do you support the opinion that these mothers should be compensated by the government?
In summary, I firmly believe that in the 21st century women on maternity leave should receive benefits from the government. the only question to be resolved is for how long those benefits should last. That will depend on the policies in individual countries.
Currently there is a trend towards the use of alternative forms of medicine. However, at best these methods are ineffective, and at worst they may be dangerous. To what extent do you agree with this statement?
Model answer
Alternative medicine is not new. It is accepted that it pre-dates conventional medicine and it is still used by many people all over the world. I am unconvinced that it is dangerous, and feel that both alternative and conventional medicine can be useful.
OTHER SAMPLES
Currently there is a trend towards the use of alternative forms of medicine. However, at best these methods are ineffective, and at worst they may be dangerous. To what extent do you agree with this statement?
Model answer
To sum up, I strongly believe that conventional medicine and alternative therapies can and should coexist. They have different strengths, and can both be used effectively to target particular medical problems. The best situation would be for alternative therapies to be used to support and complement conventional medicine.
HOW TO WRITE FULL ESSAY
AGREE/DISAGREE
WRITING TASK
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Present a written argument to an educated reader with no specialist knowledge of the following topic.
In the last 20 years there have been significant developments in the field of information technology (IT), for example the World Wide Web and communication by email. However, future developments in IT are likely to have more negative effects than positive.
To what extent do you agree with this view?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge.
You should write at least 250 words.
1) Introduction
You should do just two things:
State the topic of the essay, using some basic facts (that you may be able to take from the question)
Say what you are going to write about
Here is an example introduction for the above essay question about IT:
The last two decades have seen enormous changes in the way people`s lives are affected by IT, with many advances in this field. However, while these technological advances have brought many benefits to the world, it can be argued that future IT developments will produce more negative effects than positive ones.
2) Body Paragraphs
To begin, email has made communication, especially abroad, much simpler and faster, resulting in numerous benefits for commerce and business. Furthermore, the World Wide Web means that information on every conceivable subject is now available to us. For example, people can access news, medical advice, online education courses and much more via the internet.  It is evident that these improvements have made life far easier and more convenient for large numbers of people and will continue to do so for decades to come.
The controlling idea in this first paragraph is the `benefits of IT`, and there are two supporting ideas, which are underlined. No drawbacks are discussed as the paragraph would then lose coherence.
Most of the essay will focus on the negative aspects of IT, as the writer says there are more negative effects in the introduction. So the next two paragraphs are about these.
2) Body Paragraphs
The topic sentence in the next paragraph therefore tells us we are changing the focus to the negative points:

Nevertheless, the effects of this new technology have not all been beneficial. For example, many people feel that the widespread use of email is destroying traditional forms of communication such as letter writing, telephone and face-to-face conversation. This could result in a decline in people`s basic ability to socialize and interact with each other on a day-to-day basis.
2) Body Paragraphs
The final body paragraph gives the last negative effect:

In addition, the large size of the Web has meant that it is nearly impossible to regulate and control. This has led to many concerns regarding children accessing unsuitable websites and viruses. Unfortunately, this kind of problem might even get worse in the future at least until more regulated systems are set up.
3) Conclusion
The conclusion only needs to be one or two sentences, and you can do the following:
Re-state what the essay is about (re-write the last sentence of your introduction in different words)
Give some thoughts about the future
Here is an example:
In conclusion, developments in IT have brought many benefits, yet I believe developments relating to new technology in the future are likely to produce many negative effects that must be addressed if we are to avoid damaging impacts to individuals and society.
The last two decades have seen enormous changes in the way people`s lives are affected by IT, with many advances in this field. However, while these technological advances have brought many benefits to the world, it can be argued that future IT developments will produce more negative effects than positive ones.
To begin, email has made communication, especially abroad, much simpler and faster, resulting in numerous benefits for commerce and business. Furthermore, the World Wide Web means that information on every conceivable subject is now available to us. For example, people can access news, medical advice, online education courses and much more via the internet. It is evident that these improvements have made life far easier and more convenient for large numbers of people and will continue to do so for decades to come.
Nevertheless, the effects of this new technology have not all been beneficial. For example, many people feel that the widespread use of email is destroying traditional forms of communication such as letter writing, telephone and face-to-face conversation. This could result in a decline in people`s basic ability to socialize and interact with each other on a day-to-day basis.
In addition, the large size of the Web has meant that it is nearly impossible to regulate and control. This has led to many concerns regarding children accessing unsuitable websites and viruses. Unfortunately, this kind of problem might even get worse in the future at least until more regulated systems are set up.
In conclusion, developments in IT have brought many benefits, yet I believe developments relating to new technology in the future are likely to produce many negative effects that must be addressed if we are to avoid damaging impacts to individuals and society.
(287 words)

How to write ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES Essay
How to write
DISCUSSIon Essay
INTRODUCTION
In this form of essay you are asked a direct question about a social issue. Very frequently you are asked more than one direct question. The trick here is to make sure you answer both questions.
In this form of the essay the emphasis is on your opinion.
There are 3 types of question you can expect to see:
one direct question
two direct questions
find the solutions
One question
Some employers reward members of staff for their exceptional contribution to the company by giving them extra money. This practice can act as an incentive for some but may also have a negative impact on others. To what extent is this style of management effective? Are there better ways of encouraging employees to work hard? (IELTS Practice Plus)
“Telecommuting” refers to workers doing their jobs from home for part of each week and communicating with their office using computer technology. Telecommuting is growing in many countries and is expected to be common for most office workers in the coming decades. How do you think society will be affected by the growth of telecommuting? (IELTS to Success)
Crime is nearly always related to the environment in which it occurs. For this reason, international laws and international law courts are unrealistic and will not succeed in reducing crime levels in different countries. Discuss. (Insight into IELTS)

Two questions
It is said that travel broadens the mind. What can we learn by travelling to other countries? Should we first explore our own countries? Discuss.
Many universities charge higher fees for foreign students. Why do they do this? Do you believe that it is fair?
There are many different types of music in the world today. Why do we need music? Is the traditional music of a country more important than the international music that is heard everywhere nowadays? Discuss. (Cambridge IELTS 1)
Tobacco and alcohol are drugs that cause addition and health problems. Should they be made illegal? Or should all drugs be legalized? (Essay Writing)
News editors decide what to broadcast on television and what to print in newspapers. What factors do you think influence these decisions? Do we become used to bad news? Would it be better if more good news was reported? Discuss. (Cambridge IELTS 1)
In many countries people working in sport and entertainment earn much more money than professionals like doctors, nurses and teachers. Why do you think this happens in some societies and do you consider it is good or bad? (China Writing)
Do young people today make good use of their leisure time? Or do they spend too much time watching television and playing video games, instead of taking part in more productive activities? Discuss. (Focus on IELTS)
Space exploration requires vast sums of money. Is the amount of money spent on space research justifiable? Could the money be better spent?
Should wealthy nations be required to share their wealth among poorer nations by providing such things as food and education? Or is it the responsibilities of the governments of poorer nations to look after their citizens themselves? (Cambridge IELTS 1)
Newspapers and books are outdated. Why do some people believe this? What is your opinion?
Find solutions
Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems. Identify one or two serious ones and suggest ways that governments and individuals tackle these problems. (IELTS Foundation)
In many countries schools have severe problems with student behavior. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can you suggest? (Cambridge IELTS 4)
How to write
TWO VIEWS DISCUSSING Essay
Some people believe the aim of university education is to help graduates get better jobs. Others believe there are much wider benefits of university education for both individuals and society.

Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Model answer
These days, more and more people are making the choice to go to university.  While some people are of the opinion that the only purpose of a university education is to improve job prospects, others think that society and the individual benefit in much broader ways.

Some people believe the aim of university education is to help graduates get better jobs. Others believe there are much wider benefits of university education for both individuals and society. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Model answer

All in all, I believe that although a main aim of university education is to get the best job, there are clearly further benefits.  If we continue to promote and encourage university attendance, it will lead to a better future for individuals and society.
How to write
CAUSES/PROBLEMS – SOLUTIONS
Essay
Thesis statement - Signpost your essay
Sometimes the reader can tell how many parts or which paragraphs will follow the thesis statement.

I am going to analyse the effects of drugs on the individual, the family, and society.
In an essay with the thesis statement above, there will clearly be three parts – one on the effects of drugs on the individual, one part with the effects on the family, and another with the effects on society.
Global warming is one of the most serious issues that the world is facing today.
What are the causes of global warming and what measures can governments and individuals take to tackle the issue?
Model answer
Probably the most worrying threat to our planet at the present time is global warming. This essay will examine the reasons why global warming is occurring and discuss some possible solutions.
Global warming is one of the most serious issues that the world is facing today.
What are the causes of global warming and what measures can governments and individuals take to tackle the issue?
Model answer
To conclude, although global warming is a serious issue, there are steps that governments and individuals can take to reduce its effects. If we are to save our planet, it is important that this is treated as a priority for all concerned.

HOW TO WRITE A PARAGRAPH
PARAGRAPH COMPONENTS
A model – Learn how to P-E-E


One way to expand your topic sentences is to
make the point (P)
explain it (E)
give an example (E)
The Magic Formula
a great
topic
 sentence 
 an 
 interesting 
subject
how you/others
feel about it
+
=
"Many sports fans feel overwhelmed when they
meet a sports superstar."
In the formula, the "interesting subject" is the topic.
What you plan to say about the topic is called the controlling idea.
 
"Parents can protect their toddlers by taking certain safety precautions at home."

Topic: protecting toddlers from home injuries
Controlling Idea: taking safety precautions


Your paragraph will be about how parents can baby-proof their home.
SAMPLE PARAGRAPH
There are those who argue that the internet has had an extremely positive influence on communication. They say this because in the past it was sometimes impossible to call people in other countries on the telephone, but now it is relatively simple to use a program such as Skype to talk to them for free or to send an email. A good example here are the students who go to study abroad and are able to send messages home with no difficulty, when in past they would have had to buy stamps and go to the post office which was much harder and more expensive.
SAMPLE PARAGRAPH
A strong argument can of course be made from the opposite position. Part of this argument is that countries and nations need to preserve old buildings in order to preserve their heritage. In addition, however, to this cultural argument, there are positive economic benefits in preserving old buildings. An illustration here is Egypt once again, a country which depends on tourism for much of its national income simply because visitors pay to come from other countries to visit its ancient sites. There are several reasons why it can be argued that television has a negative effect on cultural development. Perhaps the principle argument is the lowbrow nature of many programmes, particularly sitcoms and soap operas. People who watch these programmes do not learn anything, they are simply entertained. The other major argument is that because people watch so much television, they no longer take part in more traditional forms of cultural entertainment. An example here is how traditional dancing and music is becoming much less popular because people are staying at home to watch the television.
HOW TO DEVELOP A TOPIC SENTENCE INTO A PARAGRAPH
STEP 1: WRITE A TOPIC SENTENCE
Many fast-food chains make their profits from adding a special ingredient called "forget sauce" to their foods.
STEP 2: If this sentence controls the paragraph that follows, then all sentences in the paragraph must relate in some way to fast food, profit, and "forget sauce":
Made largely from edible oil products, this condiment is never listed on the menu.
STEP 3: This sentence fits in with the topic sentence because it is a description of the composition of "forget sauce."
In addition, this well-kept industry secret is the reason why ingredients are never listed on the packaging of victuals sold by these restaurants.
STEP 4: The transitional phrase "In addition" relates the composition of "forget sauce" to secret fast-food industry practices.
"Forget sauce" has a chemical property which causes temporary amnesia in consumers.
STEP 5: Now the paragraph moves on to the short-term effect on consumers:
After spending too much money on barely edible food bereft of any nutritional value, most consumers swear they will never repeat such a disagreeable experience.
STEP 6: This sentence describes its longer-term effects:
Within a short period, however, the chemical in "forget sauce" takes effect, and they can be depended upon to return and spend, older but no wiser.
Finally, I finish the paragraph by "proving" the claim contained in the topic sentence, that many fast-food chains make their profits from adding a special ingredient called "forget sauce" to their foods.
HOW TO DEVELOP A TOPIC SENTENCE INTO A PARAGRAPH
Organizing Supporting Details in Paragraphs
Once you have written your catchy topic sentence, its time to add some supporting details to it.
 
Supporting details can include

descriptions
facts
examples
Supporting details are sentences that back up what the topic sentence is saying.

A good paragraph may contain
 
three supporting details
each detail may be followed up with a comment to further elaborate on your detail. 
 
The more advanced your paragraph writing becomes, the more extras you can add.
Helpful Words for Ordering
your supporting details
Supporting sentences should all begin differently — using
a variety of vocabulary to specify word order. This is called sentence variety.
 
All paragraphs should contain at least three supporting detail sentences -- they can (but don`t have to) start with (especially at more advanced levels):

1. first, initially, in the beginning2. second, next, then3. last, finally, in the end
example
Topic Sentence: "My hometown is known for several amazing and natural features."
 
Supporting Details: "First, Fort Lauderdale is noted for its beautiful beaches. Just west of town is the Florida Everglades, a unique national park. The third stunning feature is the natural coral reef located just off the coast."
Ingredients
Even though not all 3 of the supporting details were numbered, all the necessary ingredients were there:
 
examples were about the three places in Fort Lauderdale
beaches, the Everglades, and coral reefs

facts were about their location in Fort Lauderdale
west and off the coast

descriptions were about each location: 
beautiful and unique
Staying on Topic
The supporting detail sentences should all refer back to the topic sentence. 
They should not contain any extra, unnecessary information.
Summarize the supporting detail sentences with a conclusion like, "These three landmarks are magnificent and make my hometown a famous place."
 

Keep your writing organized
so your readers don`t get confused! 
Sample 1
Marriages are bigger and more expensive nowadays than in the past. Why is this the case? Is it a positive or negative development?
Marriages have become bigger and more expensive for three main reasons. Firstly, people in developed countries are wealthier than their ancestors were in the past. They therefore have more money to spend on weddings, which are seen as one of life’s most important and unforgettable occasions. Secondly, in today’s globalized world, people see photos of celebrity weddings and want to copy them. For example, when Prince William got married here in England, the ceremony was shown on television and many people were influenced by what they saw. Finally, the wedding industry has grown, and many companies have an interest in selling products and services to us, using persuasive marketing techniques.
Explanation
6 sentences
topic sentence(three reasons)
first reason (people are wealthier)
Explain
second reason (influnced by celebrity`s wedding)
example (Prince William)
third reason ( wedding industry`s development)
Less common words
Ancestor, unforgettable occasion, persuasive
WRITING TASK
Nowadays, most of the people believe that individuals cannot do something to improve the environment. But governments and large companies can make a difference.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
BRAINSTORMING
What individuals can do:
They can reduce the quantity of waste
Reduce using private cars which will reduce gas emissions
Use public transportation
Planting
Recycling as much as possible
Choose products with less packaging
What governments and large companies can do:
Government can introduce strict laws to limit emissions
Impose taxes on taxi drivers and private vehicles
Improve the public transportation system
Big companies can provide reusable bags for shoppers
Big companies can introduce awareness programs for individuals
Large companies can promote the use of renewable energy resources such as solar
ESSAY PLAN
Introduction: I partially agree. It is a shared responsibility between all parties
Body paragraph 1: environmental damages caused by individuals
Body paragraph 2: role of the individuals
Body paragraph 3: role of the government and large companies
Conclusion: summarize the introduction and restate my opinion again
SAMPLE ANSWER
It is widely believed that people have nothing to do to improve the environment and it is the role of the government and large companies only. I partially agree with this statement and In my opinion, I believe that it is a shared responsibility between all concerned groups.
No one can deny the fact that individuals are the main cause for air pollution and waste as a result of using private cars and buying consumer products which contains a lot of packaging. the increase of the pollution number is another reason for producing gas emissions through operating a huge number of buses and trains which considered as the main reason of global warming.
On the one hand, I believe that individuals can do a lot to improve the environment such as reducing the use of their own private cars and use public transportation instead. This will definitely diminish the gas emissions and reduce the global warming threat. Individuals can also choose products with less packaging and can be taught several ways of recycling as much as possible. They also can launch community planting projects to promote the Green Environment concept among their neighborhood.
On the other hand, governments and large companies can take several steps to manage the environment and keep it as uncontaminated as possible. Governments can introduce strict laws to limits emissions such as imposing taxes on private vehicles and taxi drivers to reduce the use of them. The state also has a great rule to improve the public transportation system for individuals so people are encouraged to use it frequently. The state can provide a regular free of charge car maintenance services for new cars and a affordable replacement options for old ones. Large companies have an effective part to help the environment, such as introducing awareness programs to promote the use of renewable resources such as solar. Another role is to provide shoppers with reusable bags as part of their social responsibility towards the society and the environment.
To sum it up, I believe it s a shared responsibility between individuals, governments and big companies to help the environment to keep the planet safe for the new generations.