How to teach Vocabulary in Communicative appoach

RAINBOW
CROSS IT OUT
COAL
BLOOD
CHALK
ELEPHANT
TONGUE
WATER
PEA
TOBACCO
GAS
CABBAGE
BRICKS
SNOWSTORM
GLASS
STRAW
LIGHTNING
NUTS
ASH
MUD
SKY
HAY
LEMON
FIRE
AIR
4 things
3 things
2 things
2 things
2 things
1 thing
1 thing
1 thing
4 things
?
1 thing
3 things
CARROT
RAINBOW
CROSS IT OUT
COAL
BLOOD
CHALK
ELEPHANT
TONGUE
WATER
PEA
TOBACCO
GAS
CABBAGE
BRICKS
SNOWSTORM
GLASS
STRAW
LIGHTNING
NUTS
ASH
MUD
SKY
HAY
LEMON
FIRE
AIR
yellow
brown
grey
white
green
pink
black
blue
colorless
Multi-
colored
orange
red
CARROT
TEACHING VOCABULARY
prepared by:
TON NU THU PHUC
TEACHING VOCABULARY
WHY TEACHINNG AND LEARNING VOCABULARY IS IMPORTANT
WHAT IS VOCABULARY?
Consider the following questions?

Does vocabulary involve only single words? What about groups of words like perfectly OK, at once, in a minute, portable TV, take medicine?
Do you consider the names of people – Elizabeth, Phillip, Charles, Anne – to be vocabulary? What about the names of products like Pepsi, Big Mac, Gillette, and Toyota?

Eliminating proper noun from the text



 signal

 aircraft
 tanker




Guessing the meaning from grammar








Match the words with their synonyms
1. blarg
2. glooned
3. clasting
4. blooper
5. triatomed
6. guffs
7. surview
8. dilp
a. listing,(leaning to one side)
b. surveillance
c. pulp
d. crew
e. rafts (boats)
f. taken
g. abandoned
h. distress signal
WHAT NEEDS TO BE TAUGHT?
Form: Pronunciation, Spelling, Grammar, Word building

Meaning: Denotation, Connotation Synonym, Antonym, Hyponym

Use: Collocation, Formality
DENOTATION
The core meaning that refers the word to the real word

Example
Nightfall: the close of the day
CONNOTATION
The additional meaning that shows people’s emotions and attitudes towards what the word refers to.

Example
Excuse in She made an excuse for being late has a negative meaning.
HYPONYM


Words that serve as specific examples of the same concept
Example
Bus, car, lorry, van has hyponym as vehicle
Dog, cat, horse has hyponym as animal

COLLOCATION
Restrictions on how words can be used together

Example
Make trouble but Do good

FORMALITY
Whether a word is appropriate to use in certain contexts

Example
Thank you very much - Thanks a bunch

In teaching vocabulary
Active vocabulary: words that we want students to be able to both understand and use
Passive vocabulary: words that we want students to understand, not necessarily use
PRINCIPLES OF
TEACHING VOCABULARY

1. Teach and practise words in their spoken form first, otherwise students will try to pronounce the words as they are written.

2. Always check whether your students have understood the new words, no matter how they have been presented.
PRINCIPLES (cont’d)
3. Present words in context and get students to practice them if you want your students to have an active knowledge of the lexical items.

4. Students will remember new vocabulary better if it is presented in a memorable way to start with and then put to regular practice.
5. As with teaching anything else, revision is essential, otherwise the new words you have taught will be forgotten.

6. High frequency words should be given more teaching time and attention than low frequency words because they are more useful. They should be fluently accessible for both receptive and productive use and become part of learners’ active vocabulary.
PRINCIPLES (cont’d)

7. For people beginning to learn a language, a way of quickly developing fluency is learning groups of words that often go together.

8. Learners should be trained in vocabulary learning strategies (using word cards, learning by means of word association, guessing meaning from context, using dictionary, etc.) for effective self-study.


PRINCIPLES (cont’d)
THE MEANINGS OF WORDS CAN BE COMMUNICATED OR TAUGHT IN MANY DIFFERENT WAYS. THIS IS WHY WE USE DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES
TECHNIQUES FOR
PRESENTING NEW VOCABULARY
1. Visuals
2. Mime
3. Realia
4. Situation / Explanation
5. Example
6. Synonym / Antonym
7. Translation
GUIDELINES for presenting new vocabulary effectively
Try to elicit answers from Ss first
Show the meaning clearly
Model the pronunciation clearly, ask Ss to repeat
Check the meaning well
Introduce connected words
Don’t introduce too many new words at once
Don’t write on the board until you have practised the pronunciation
TIPS FOR TEACHERS
Use the right technique with the right word
Make visual big and clear enough for all classes to see
Draw simple visuals (they don’t have to be beautiful)
Recycle visuals (don’t just use them once and throw them away)
Be sensible when using realia (don’t spend a lot of money buying things just to bring in to school once)

CHECKING TECHNIQUES FOR VOCABULARY
A. RUB OUT AND REMEMBER
B. SLAP THE BOARD
C. WHAT AND WHERE
D. MATCHING
E. BINGO
JUMBLED WORDS
NETWORKS
NOUGHTS AND CROSSES
ORDERING
WORDSQUARE
WORDSTORM....
CHECKING TECHNIQUES FOR VOCABULARY (cont’d)
Rub out and remember
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Slap the board
3
2
1
4
5
6
7
What and Where
1
2
3
4
6
5
7
Matching
1

2
3
4
1. Mr. World




2. Miss. World




3. Miss Teen






Bingo
1

2
3
4
Example:
RECORDING VOCABULARY
Using symbols to record vocabulary
= is the same as
≠ is the opposite
 for the stressed syllable
ں for linking final consonants with vowels
(to) for verbs
(a/an) for countable nouns
...
WAYS TO RECORD VOCABULARY:
WORD FAMILIES




BY TOPIC BY SCALE
word
families
WHY DO WE TEACH
WORDS IN “FAMILIES”
We store words in our brain in group of related words
If a new word can be linked to words which are already stored, it might be easier to remember
It would seem a good idea to teach words in families to our students so that it is easier for them to keep in their memories
ARRANGE EACH GROUP OF WORDS BY TOPIC OR BY SCALE
Fishing, boiling, bald, old, nuclear energy wavy, middle aged, hot collecting stamps, warm, solar energy, cycling, curly, cool
playing chess, child, baby, cold, straight, wind power
teenager, water power, geothermal heat, freezing
BY TOPIC
HOBBIES
Fishing
Collecting stamps
Cycling
Playing chess
SOURCES OF ENERGY
Nuclear energy
Solar energy
Wind power
Geothermal heat
Water power
HAIR
Bald
Wavy
Curly
Straight

BY TOPIC
BY SCALE
OLD
MIDDLE AGED
TEENAGER
CHILD
BABY
BOILING
HOT
WARM
COOL
COLD
FREEZING
Thank you