Heads

Hello everyone
Members in our group

Phan Thi Mong Cam
Dinh Thi Dieu
Nguyen Huynh Giao
Tran Thi Ngoc Hoa
Phan Thi Mong Kieu
Tran Tra My
Nguyen Thi Cam Thi

I. Introduction
II. Body
1. What is the heads?
2. The forms of heads.
3. Why do we use heads?
III. Summary

OUTLINE
1. Hoa, she’s beautiful girl.
2. A: Did you get back early?
B: Yes, I did. Someone was attacked
last night on the underground.
A: A city like London, it’s not very safe at night.
What are the heads?

Pre-posing or fronting identifies for a listener that a place, person or event is important.
Heads are generally noun phrases, including complex constructions such as reduced relative clause.
Heads are common in spoken but heads are very rare in written English.

The forms of heads
Heads have many forms:
1. Heads are Noun:
a. John, he’s nice.
b. Dalat, it’s the foggy city.


2. Heads are noun phrase:
a. The time I nearly crashed the car.
b. A: How was the first day?
B: Fine, thanks. The teacher seem nice.
A: The teacher with glasses, he seems
very nice.
3. Heads are several linked subjects:
a. My friend, An, her sister has just
emigrated to Brazil.
b. Sue, one of the secretaries at work,
her daughter got married last week.

4. Heads are whole clauses:
a. The house we were looking at when
you visited, we bought it.
b. A: The girl who drives the Ford, is she
his sister?
B: No. She’s a cousin.
A: Really?



Why do we use heads?
Heads help a speaker (or writer) to show what or who is significant.
Heads help listener to comprehend better by highlighting key information for them at the beginning of a sentence or clause.
Heads occur in spoken and in written English but are more common in speech. Fronting units can serve as a kind of frame for narratives, jokes and saying in speech.
Sometimes another topic or subject is created from the fronting unit.
Pre-posing or fronting identifies for a listener that a place, person or event is important. It is common in spoken English in the form of heads, but some forms of fronting are also used in written English.
Heads are regularly made up of structures without a main verb in a main clause. This element is then followed by a pronoun which normally becomes the subject of a following sentence.

Summary
Sometimes the pre- posed unit is not the same subject as the main subject in the main clause, but it’s likely to be logically connected to the fronting unit.
Also note that it’s possible for clause elements other then the subject to be pre-posed.
Heads are different from wh-clause or verb fronting because they repeat a clause element.
Heads can sometimes work like titles for chapters to a book, framing what is to follow and orientating the listener or reader.
…………………………, you know him.
(You know the man with the T-shirt.)
The man with the T-shirt, you know him.
2. ………………………….., I think it will definitely
be better.
(I think the weather in Spain will definitely be
better.)
The weather in Spain, I think it will definitely be better.

3. ……………………………, it’s got to be the most exciting city.
(New York has got to be the most exciting city.)
New York, it’s got to be the most exciting city.

Thanks for your listening