Giao trinh on thi tuyen sinh len lop 10

Grammar:

1. Passive: (thể bị động)
a. Thì hiện tại đơn:
*Active : S + V(s, es) .....+ O
* Passive : S + BE (am/is/are) + Vp2....( BY+O)
*Question: Be + S + Vp2...............(+ By + O) ?
b. Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn :
*Active : S + Be (am/ is/ are) +Ving .....+ O
* Passive : S + BE (am/is/are) + Being +Vp2....( BY+O)
*Question: Be + S +Being + Vp2...............(+ By + O) ?
c. Thì hiện tại hòan thành :
*Active : S + Have/ has +Vp2 .....+ O
* Passive : S + Have/ has + Been +Vp2 .....(By+ O)
*Question: Have/ has + S + Been + Vp2......(+ By+O) ?
d. Thì quá khứ đơn :
*Active : S + V(ed, v2) .....+ O
* Passive: S + Was/ were + Vp2....( BY+O)
*Question: Was/were + S + Vp2...............(+ By + O) ?
e. Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn:
*Active : S + Was/ were +V_ing .....+ O
* Passive : S + Was/ were + Being +Vp2....(+ By+O)
*Question: Was/were + S +Being + Vp2...............(+ By + O) ?
f. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành:
*Active : S + Had +Vp2 .....+ O
* Passive : S + Had + Been +Vp2 .....(By+ O)
*Question: Had + S + Been + Vp2......(+ By+O) ?
g. Thì tương lai đơn:
*Active : S +Will +V_infinitive .....+ O
* Passive : S + Will + Be (kh«ng chia) +Vp2 .....(By+ O)
*Question: Will + S + Be(kh«ng chia) + Vp2......(+ By+O) ?
h. Thì tương lai tiếp diễn:
*Active: S +Will +Be +V_ing .....+ O
* Passive: S + Will + Be (kh«ng chia) +Being+Vp2 .....(By+ O)
*Question: Will + S + Be(kh«ng chia) +Being + Vp2......(+ By+O) ?
j. Modal verbs:
*Active: S + (modal verbs)+ V_infinitive + O.......
*Passive: S + (modal verbs)+ be + V-ed/ V3(past participle) ...(+By+O)






k. Các dạng đặc biệt:

* S + V + O1 + O2
-> S + be +p.p +O2 (by O)


* S + V + O + V2
-> S + be +p.p + to V2


* Noone/ Nobody -> V / be.. +not


* S + V + That + S2 + V2
-> It + be + p.p + that + S2 + V2..
-> S2 + be +p.p + to V ( inf) ( thì hiện tại đơn)

To have + p.p ( thì quá khứ đơn)


* Who + V +O …?
-> By whom + be + S +p.p ..?



2. Wish: (ước, ao ước,….)
*structure: S1 + Wish(es) + S2 + -Would/ could + V_infinitive....
-V (simple past)
-Were.....................

* S1 + wish(es) + S2 + had + p.p……..

+ could +have p.p………

** Notes: - to be trong quá khứ của wish ta sử dụng “were”.
- hiện tại -> quá khứ -> quá khứ hoàn thành.
- quy luật +/- not.





3. Adverb clauses of result:
so /therefore : vì thế, vì vậy, do đó..
Ex: Ba stayed up late so he is tired.
Ba stayed up late therefore, he is tired.
So + a/