Gerund and Infinitive 4

Read the texts that follow. A word or phrase is missing in some of the sentences. Four answer choices are given below each of the sentences. Select the best answer to complete the text.

Questions 1 through 3 refer to the following text.

Great Scott
Just before the Civil War, the Whig political party was making a last effort …(1)… a part of American political life. For the election of eighteen fifty-two, the Whigs wanted to offer a colorful candidate for president.
remain
remaining
to remain
to be remained
công thức effort to do something: cố gắng/nỗ lực để làm gì, câu này cần dùng nghĩa chủ động, đáp án đúng là to remain.

They thought that Winfield Scott would be the right candidate. In his thirty years as a general, Winfield Scott had become one of the best-known military leaders in the country. During the war with Mexico, he had captured Vera Cruz and occupied Mexico City. So, party leaders thought that if any Whig could be elected president, it was Winfield Scott.
General Scott quickly accepted the nomination and began campaigning. It did not take long for the public …(2)… that General Scott really liked General Scott!.
realize
to realize
realizing
being realized
Công thức: take time to do something: mất bao lâu để làm gì , đáp án đúng là to realize

His speeches were full of praise for himself. It was evident that he thought he was the greatest candidate who had ever lived. Soon his political opponents began to make fun of him. They called him, Great Scott. General Scott did not come close to …(3)… the presidency. But his name still lives as part of the English language.
win
to win
be won
winning
Công thức come close (to something/to doing something) - gần như đạt được/làm được điều gì đó , đáp án đúng là winning

Questions 4 through 6 refer to the following text.

Most people enjoy …(4)… for several reasons.
working
work
to work
being worked
Công thức enjoy V-ing: thích làm gì, câu này cần nghĩa chủ động, đáp án đúng là working

Their job might be fun, or they like their employer and the other people at work. Most people I know, however, work for the money. I do not know anyone who is loaded, or extremely rich. Most of my friends work to earn enough money …(5)….
live
to live
living
lived
Công thức enough + danh từ + to do something - đủ cái gì để làm gì, đáp án đúng là to live

They have to …(6)… ends meet.
be made
being made
making
make
Công thức: have to do something: phải làm gì, câu này cần dùng nghĩa chủ động, đáp án đúng là make

Questions 7 through 9 refer to the following text.

Grow onion and garlic
Soil preparation
A sunny, well-drained site is essential for …(7)… good crops of onion and garlic.
grow
to grow
growing
grown
Sau giới từ for, cần dùng V-ing, đáp án đúng là growing

It`s possible to grow good onions on heavy soil, but the drainage should be improved prior to …(8)… with grit and bulky organic matter, and the cloves planted in ridges of soil 10cm (4in) high to help reduce soil moisture.
plant
planting
be planted
being planted
Công thức: prior to something/doing something - trước điều gì/trước khi làm gì, câu này cần nghĩa chủ động, đáp án đúng là planting

Onions and garlic both like fertile soil, but neither require much nitrogen and so shouldn`t be grown on freshly manured soil. Instead, dig over and manure the ground several months before planting. If the soil is acid it`s worth …(9)… it so its pH level becomes neutral or even slightly alkaline.
limiting
limit
to limit
being limitted
Công thức: worth doing something - đáng giá để làm việc gì, câu này cần nghĩa chủ động, đáp án đúng là limiting.

Questions 10 through 12 refer to the following text.

If you fancy…(10)… fresh cucumber, sow some seeds in spring for a summer-long supply. Here`s our guide to growing your own.
taste
to taste
tasting
being tasted
Công thức: fancy doing something - muốn làm gì, câu này cần nghĩa chủ động, đáp án đúng là tasting

Before buying cucumber seed, check that they`re ideal for your needs. Greenhouse cucumbers need …(11)… in growing bags under the protection of glass, ridge cucumbers are for growing in a sunny spot in well-drained soil outdoors. Alternatively, pick a variety that can be grown both indoors and out.
to raise
being raised
raise
to be raised
Câu này cần nghĩa bị động, công thức