English-sangkienkinhnghiem

Trường THPT Nguyễn Đình Chiểu
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sáng kiến kinh nghiệm
tenses in textbook 10
TENSES
Present simple
Past simple
Present perfect
Past perfect
Present progressive
Present simple
1. Chart and form
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2. Usage
3. Exercises
x x x x x x x x x
now
past
future
Ex: The world is round.
Tom practises English every day
Chart
form
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Ʒ
Usage
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Exercises








1. Mary (wash)………….. her hair every other day or so.
2. Kathy (sit, usually) ……………………. in the front row.
3. Poverty (be)………….. no vice.
4. Two and two (be) …………….. four.
5. Flowers (come) out abundantly in Spring.
6.Every morning, the Sun (shine) ……….. in my bedroom window and (wake)………….. me up.
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Past simple
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3. Exercises
1. Chart and form
2. Usage
x
now
past
future
Ex: They lived in London in 2005.
I called Mary but she wasn’t at home.
Chart
form
Regular verb V –ed
* Verbs ending in –e only add –d (typed, arrived, …)
* Verbs ending in –y are changed into i and then add –ed (studied, carried ..)
(Except: a vowel before –y - Ex: played, enjoyed,…)
* Verbs of one syllable ending in a single vowel and a single consonant are doubled before adding –ed ( stopped, planned, stepped, …)
Irregular verb V: simple past (column 2)
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Usage
-Express an activity or situation began and ended at a particular time in the past.
Ex: I bought a car two days ago
-Express a period of time in the past
Ex: I lived in France between 1987 and 1989
- Express two continuing actions in the past.
Ex: When I dropped my cup, the coffee spilled on the floor.
-Adverbs are usually used in sentences such as:
yesterday, ago, last+ time, …
Ex: She bought a new dictionary yesterday.
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Exercises
I ……(be) born in 1975.
When I ……(be) three my mother ……(go) back to work.
I got package in the mail. When I …… (open) it, I ……(find) a surprise.
She ……( leave) in the countryside four years ago.
He ……(live) in Paris for ten years, but now he is living in Rome.
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Present perfect
1. Chart and form
3. Exercises
2. Usage
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now
past
future
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time ?
future
past
now
x x x x x
past
future
now
Next
x
x
x
Subject in plural V: have + V-ed / past participle
Subject in singular V: has + V-ed / past participle
form
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Usage
Express an activity or idea before now. The exact time it happened is not important.
Ex: We have had breakfast.
- Express the repetition of an activity before now. The exact time it happened is not important.
Ex: I have flown on an airplane many times.
- Express a situation that began in the past and continue to the present.
Ex: I have known her for many years.
Words are usually used in sentences such as: already, just, never, ever, not… yet, so far, up to now, by + time, recently, since + point of time, for + period of time.
Ex: He hasn’t finished the exercise yet.
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Exercises
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My mother …… (be) in hospital for a long time and now she can not go home.
We …… (live) in Ho Chi Minh city since 1958.
We …… (go) to the movie twice a week.
The boy …… (visit) Paris three times.
I …… (meet) many people since I came herein June.
Present progressive
1. Chart and form
3. Exercises
2. Usage
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x x I
now
past
future
Ex: I am studying right now.
Chart
form
am / is / are + V-ing
start
finish?
Adding –ing:
+ Verbs of one syllable ending in a single vowel and a single consonant are doubled before adding –ing (Ex: run running)
+ Verbs of more than one syllable ending in a single vowel and a single consonant and stressed on the final syllable (Ex: begin beginning)
+ Dropping the final –e before adding –ing (Ex: have having)
+ verbs ending in –y, -ie : Ex: study studying ; lie lying
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Usage
-Express an activity that is in progress at the moment of speaking
Ex: John is sleeping right now
-Express an activity in the past and continuing at the present or probably end at some point in the future.
Ex: I need un umbrella because it is raining.
-Explain things that listeners or readers can’t know or see.
Ex: You are waiting for a plane
- Adverbs are usually used in sentences such as:
now, right now, at the moment, at the time, at present,…
* Notice: Non-progressive verbs are verbs describing a mental state (know, realize, understand,…); emotional state ( love, like, hate,…); sense (smell, hear, …); existing states (seem, be,…)
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Look! It …… (snow).
Mary can’t come to the phone because she …… (wash).
They ……(play) in the garden at the moment.
She ……(feel) sick now.
John and Mary …… (talk) on the phone right now.
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Past perfect
1. Chart and form
3. Exercises
2. Usage
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How to add –ed:
* Verbs ending in –e only add –d ( Ex: typed, arrived, …)
* Verbs ending in –y are changed into i and then add –ed (Ex: studied,...)
(Except: a vowel before –y - Ex: played, enjoyed,…)
* Verbs of one syllable ending in a single vowel and a single consonant are doubled before adding –ed ( Ex: stopped, planned, stepped, …)
x x
now
past
future
Ex: I had gone to bed before 10:00 last night.
Chart
form
had + V-ed / V past participle
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Usage
-Express an activity that was completed before
another activity or time in the past.
Ex: Yesterday, when I arrived at the station, the train had left
He had left his house before 9:00 last night
-Conjunctions and prepositions are often used
such as: before, after, when, ….
Ex: After the guests had left , I went to bed
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Exercises







Robert was eighty. He …… (live) in the valley all his time
I …… (not see) snow until last winter.
They left after they …… (grow) flowers.
He said that he …… ( eat) an orange.
Before he became a businessman he …… (be) a news reporter.
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