ENGLISH RULES (LESSON 8)

Troublesome Words
Sit and Set
Sit means “to take a seat or sit down.”

I want to sit here a while and rest.
Sit in the blue chair.

Set means “to place something.”

Please set this blue chair in that corner.
Set the red cushion on the blue chair.
Wrong
Billy, why did you sit your trap next to the front door where you knew Samie would get into it?
Right
Billy, why did you set your trap next to the front door where you knew Samie would get into it?
Wrong
For that, Billy, you must set in the corner for an hour and think about poor, sad Samie.

Right
For that, Billy, you must sit in the corner for an hour and think about poor, sad Samie.
I sit on the chair. I set my gun down.
Write sit or set to complete the sentence.

Grandpa did not like to _____ in this chair.
Grandpa did not like to sit in this chair.
I sit on the chair. I set my gun down.
Write sit or set to complete the sentence.

Mama carefully ________  the lamp on the table.
Mama carefully set the lamp on the table.
I sit on the chair. I set my gun down.
Write sit or set to complete the sentence.

Who ______ the lantern on this table?
Who set the lantern on this table?
I sit on the chair. I set my gun down.
Write sit or set to complete the sentence.

Would you like to _______  here by the fire?
Would you like to sit  here by the fire?
Practice – Number your paper from 1 to 10. Write the correct answer for each of the following items.
1. David carelessly (sit, set) the pork chops on the table where the dog could reach them, and it did.
2. Papa (sit, set) his alarm for 5 A.M. so that he would not be late delivering the mail.
3. The sun (sits, sets) in the west.
4. Grandpa was (sitting, setting) by the warm fire.
5. The hunters (sit, set) their raccoon pelts on Grandpa’s counter in the general store.
6. Billy (sit, set) the bag of corn by the door.
7. Grandpa was (sitting, setting) in the rocking chair by the window.
8. Billy was going to (sit, set) down by the red oak tree to wait on Rubin and Rainie.
9. The wily old coon would (sit, set) on the trail until Little Ann and Old Dan came running in his direction.
10. Billy knew the ghost coon could not (sit, set) in his hiding place all night long.
Lie and Lay
People lie on beds. Dogs lie on people. Fleas lie on dogs. The people, the dogs, and the fleas are very still. Lie is a still verb.
A person picks up a dog and lays it on a blanket. A pair of tweezers picks a flea off a dog and lays it outside. A hen lays an egg. The person, the tweezers, and the hen are very active. Lay is an active verb. It implies that somebody is setting or placing something somewhere.
Lie (to lie down on a bed)
lie, lay, lain, lying
Today I lie in bed.
Yesterday I lay in bed.
Many times I have lain in bed.
Yesterday I was lying in bed all day.
Lying in bed all day is boring.
Lay (to place something, to set something down)
lay, laid, laid, laying
Today I lay the book on the counter.
Yesterday I laid the book on the counter.
Many times I have laid the book on the counter.
Yesterday I was laying the book on the counter when Mom came home.
Laying books on the kitchen counter is against the rules in my house.
Americans use the words lie and lay incorrectly so often that your ear has trouble telling you which is correct. Here are a few tips to help you keep these words straight.
Tip 1
Repeat this like a song.

lie, lay, lain, lie, lay, lain, lie, lay, lain, lie, lay, lain,
Tip 2
Remember the verb lay works just like to say and to pay. Those verbs are irregular, but they aren’t confusing.
Today I say that I pay; yesterday I said that I paid; many times I have said that I have paid. To lay works the same. Lay, laid, laid
Tip 3
Nobody says that hens lie eggs.
We all get that one correct: hens lay eggs. Those hens are mighty busy! Just visualize in your mind how active and busy those hens are. Lay is an active, busy word. When you’re doing something active (laying down your backpack, laying a new rug on the floor), lay is the word you want.
Tip 4
Remember that lie is a quiet word. Here’s a silly ditty you can use to remind yourself of that (notice all the “eye” sounds): At night, I turn out my light and lie. Whether it’s on you sofa, on your beach towel, or on your bed, if you are quietly reclining, you’re lying – never laying.
Tip 5
Substitute the word place or the word put. If the sentence sounds right, lay is the word you want. If it doesn’t sound right, lie is the word you want. Does it sound right to say that you place the book on the table? Yes, so it’s correct to say that you lay the book on the table. Does it sound right to say you place in your bed at night? No, so it’s correct to say that you lie in your bed at night.
Write lie, lies, lay, or lays to correctly complete the sentence.
I will lie down and take a nap.

Mama will lay the bowl on the table.

His little sister _______ the bowl of milk beside Old Dan.
His little sister lays the bowl of milk beside Old Dan.
Mama asked if she might ____ on the bed.
Write lie, lies, lay, or lays to correctly complete the sentence.
I will lie down and take a nap.

Mama will lay the bowl on the table.
Mama asked if she might lie on the bed.
Will you _______ down your trap for a few minutes?
Write lie, lies, lay, or lays to correctly complete the sentence.
I will lie down and take a nap.

Mama will lay the bowl on the table.
Will you lay down your trap for a few minutes?
Old Dan likes to ________ in the sun.
Write lie, lies, lay, or lays to correctly complete the sentence.
I will lie down and take a nap.

Mama will lay the bowl on the table.
Old Dan likes to lie in the sun.
Why don`t you _______ down for a few minutes?
Write lie, lies, lay, or lays to correctly complete the sentence.
I will lie down and take a nap.

Mama will lay the bowl on the table.
Why don`t you lie down for a few minutes?
Practice – Number your paper from 1 to 32. Write the correct answer for each of the following items.
1. I will (lay, lie) a blanket out for Billy to use when he washes his hair.
2. You`ll feel much better if you just (lay, lie) down and rest for a while.
3. Billy will (lay, lie) the trap down next to the river.
4. Mama’s hens aren`t (laying, lying) any eggs this week.
5. The cat is (laying, lying) on the rug, next to the chair.
6. Grandma (lays, lies) her hairbrush on the dresser when she finishes using it.
7. The four raccoons like to (lay, lie) in the sun.
8. Everyday when Papa came home he would (lay, lie) his jacket on the sofa.
9. You`ve been (laying, lying) there entirely too long. Get up!
10. The dogs have been (laying, lying) on the porch waiting for Billy.
11. He yelled at his dog, “(Lay, Lie) down!"

12. The police officer told him to (lay, lie) down his gun.
13. The cat will (lay, lie) its toy on the doorsill.
14. He will (lay, lie) his hand over his heart when he makes a vow.
15. Billy should (lay, lie) on the bed if he is tired.

Review Lie (to lie down on a bed)
lie, lay, lain, lying
Today I lie in bed.
Yesterday I lay in bed.
Many times I have lain in bed.
Yesterday I was lying in bed all day.
Lying in bed all day is boring.
Additional Practice - Write lie, lay, lain, lying to correctly complete each of the sentences.
16. Billy __________ on the banks of the Illinois River.
Lie, Lay, Lain, Lying
17. __________ down. You need to take a rest.
lie, lay, lain, lying
18. I like to __________ on the floor and watch the news.
lie, lay, lain, lying
19. Yesterday Billy __________ on the sofa and read his magazine about coon dogs.
lie, lay, lain, lying
20. Why does that cat do nothing but __________ around all day?
lie, lay, lain, lying
21. That cat has __________ in the sun all day.
lie, lay, lain, lying
22. What a lazy cat! She has __________ here all day.
lie, lay, lain, lying
23. The children were so exhausted after the playing on the slide they just ______ on the benches.

lie, lay, lain, lying
24. Last night Billy _______ awake in bed, thinking about coon dogs.

lie, lay, lain, lying
25. Do you plan to _________ on the grass all day?
Review Lay (to place something, to set something down)
lay, laid, laid, laying
Today I lay the book on the counter.
Yesterday I laid the book on the counter.
Many times I have laid the book on the counter.
Yesterday I was laying the book on the counter when Mom came home.
Laying books on the kitchen counter is against the rules in my house.
Write lay, laid, laid, laying to correctly complete each of the sentences.
26. My chickens __________ 20 eggs yesterday.
lay, laid, laid, laying
27. The police officer told him to ________ down his gun.
lay, laid, laid, laying
28. Someone`s books are __________ on the doorsill.
lay(s) , laid, laid, laying
29. The treasure _________ hidden beneath the waves.
lay, laid, laid, laying
30. The gifts were ________ by the fireplace.
lay, laid, laid, laying
31. Billy had ________ the squash on the table.
lay(s), laid, laid, laying
32. Billy ________ a blanket on the grass.
Leave or Let
Leave means “to go away, depart, or set out” or “to allow to remain.”

What time should we leave for the fiddle contest?

If you leave Old Dan behind, he will just follow us.

Let means “to permit or consent.”

I will let you wear my new hat.
Wrong
Let him alone!


Right
Leave him alone!

(Allow him to remain alone.)

Wrong
Leave me do it again.


Right
Let me do it again.


(Permit me to do it.)

The most common mistake is whether to say:
Let it be. or
Leave it be.
Just remember the old Beatles song to help you remember this.
I let Little Ann sleep in the house. I had to leave Old Dan outside.
I permitted Little Ann sleep in the house. I had to allow Old Dan to remain outside.

OR

Old Dan had to leave the porch.

Old Dan had to depart the porch.
Write let or leave to complete the sentence.

___________it sitting on the stove.


Leave it sitting on the stove.

Allow it to remain on the stove.


I let Little Ann sleep in the house. I had to leave Old Dan outside.
I permitted Little Ann sleep in the house. I had to allow Old Dan to remain outside.

OR

Old Dan had to leave the porch.

Old Dan had to depart the porch..
Write lets or leaves to complete the sentence.

My mom ___________ me stay up until 9:00.


My mom lets me stay up until 9:00.

My mom permits me stay up until 9:00.
I let Little Ann sleep in the house. I had to leave Old Dan outside.
I permitted Little Ann sleep in the house. I had to allow Old Dan to remain outside.

OR

Old Dan had to leave the porch.

Old Dan had to depart the porch.
Write lets or leaves to complete the sentence.

Billy _________ his books on the table.


Billy leaves his books on the table.

Billy allows his books to remain on the table.
I let Little Ann sleep in the house. I had to leave Old Dan outside.
I allowed Little Ann sleep in the house. I had to allow Old Dan to remain outside.
Write let or leave to complete the sentence.

We __________ the room together.


We leave the room together.

We depart the room together.
Practice – Number your paper from 1 to 10. Write the correct answer for each of the following items.
1. (Let, Leave) me help you with that.


2. Dad will (let, leave) the pie on the counter for Billy.




3. I will (let, leave) you alone until you feel better.




4. Grandpa will (let, leave) Billy be by himself for a while.




5. (Let, Leave) your little brother alone.




6. (Let, Leave) him be.





7. Although Billy was the master, he often (let, leave) Old Dan and Little Ann have their way.





8. Grandpa often said, “(Let, Leave) me tell you what Old Dan and Little Ann did today.”





9. By the end of the day, Billy will (let, leave) you with an answer to that question.






10. Someday you must (let, leave) me tell you the story of Old Dan and Little Ann.






Teach and Learn

Teach means “to instruct, train, or pass on knowledge.”

Ms. Fletcher teaches her class how to read.

To learn something is “to receive or be given knowledge.”

The students learn to read with the help of the teacher.
Think of it this way.




Many people can teach you something they know how to do. However, you are the one who learns how to do something new.
Wrong
I will learn you how to solve this math problem.

Right
I will teach you how to solve this math problem. I am sure you can learn it.
Wrong
I will teach how to dance after a series of lessons.

Right
I will learn how to dance after a series of lessons.
Billy will teach the hounds how to hunt. The hounds will learn how to hunt.
Billy will train the dogs. The hounds will
gain knowledge.
Write teach or learn to complete the sentence.

Little Ann will _________ Old Dan how to swim across the river.
Little Ann will teach Old Dan how to swim across the river.
Billy will teach the hounds how to hunt. The hounds will learn how to hunt.
Billy will train the dogs. The hounds will
gain knowledge.
Write teach or learn to complete the sentence.

Billy used a raccoon hide to ______ Little Ann and Old Dan.
Billy used a raccoon hide to teach Little Ann and Old Dan.
Billy will teach the hounds how to hunt. The hounds will learn how to hunt.
Billy will train the dogs. The hounds will
gain knowledge.
Write teach or learn to complete the sentence.

Samie could not _________ to stay away from the trap.
Samie could not learn to stay away from the trap.
Billy will teach the hounds how to hunt. The hounds will learn how to hunt.
Billy will train the dogs. The hounds will
gain knowledge.
Write taught or learned to complete the sentence.

Little Ann and Old Dan ________ quickly how to track coons.
Little Ann and Old Dan learned quickly how to track coons.
Practice – Number your paper from 1 to 10. Write the correct answer for each of the following items.

1. Why did Billy (teach, learn) the girls to take care of Samie?

2. Do you want to (teach, learn) how to trap coons?

3. Dad tried to (teach, learn) Billy how to set the trap.

4. In this book you will (teach, learn) all about coon hunting.

5. How will Billy (teach, learn) the way to town?

6. Who will (teach, learn) the girls how to skip a stone across the creek?

7. Billy (taught, learned) his sisters how to build a dog pen.

8. I (taught, learned) how to make a fishing pole using a safety pin and string.

9. Grandpa can (teach, learn) me how to grind corn to make cornmeal.

10. Can you (teach, learn) Billy how to skin a coon?
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