đề thi toefl itp phần ngữ pháp

ĐỀ THI TOEFL THÁNG 8 NĂM 1990

1. Resin is a substance that ---in water.
(A) does not dissolve
(B) do not dissolve
(C) not dissolving
(D) not dissolved

答案：A
测试点：谓语.
分析：that从句有主语而缺谓语．应在答案中选择可作谓语的动词形式，即(A)．(B)动词的数与主语不一致；(C)、(D)是分词，不可作谓语.

2. ---hardiness, daylilies can be cultivated particularly easily.
(A) Their
(B) Since their
(C) It is their
(D) Because of their

答案：D
测试点：介词短语。
分析：逗号后是一完整的句子，逗号前常常是状语，由分词短语或介词短语充当．答案中无分词，只有(B)(D)是介词结构．since作介词时不表示原因，而是“自从…”的意思．(D)是正确答案。Because of是介词短语。

3.A biologist does not merely describe organisms, but tries to learn ---act as they do.
(A) what cause them to
(B) causes them to what
(C) what to cause them
(D) what does to them

答案：A
测试点：宾语从句.
分析：1earn后的宾语从句主谓语均缺，应选择主语+动词+…的形式．(B)缺主语；(C)to cause不能作谓语动词；(D)what为单数意义，动词应当用第三人称单数形式．(A)正确.

4.Vaporization in connection with general --- has a marked effect on long – term climate.
(A) atmospheric conditions that
(B) conditions are atmospheric
(C) are atmospheric conditions
(D) atmospheric conditions

答案：D
测试点：介词宾语.
分析：介词with要求名词性的成份作宾语，而4个答案中只有(D)是名词词组．(A)后接从句；(B)(C)均含有动词.

5. The oldest city in the state, --- .
(A) the Hudson’s Bay Company founded Vancouver, Washington, in the early nineteenth century
(B) the founding of Vancouver, Washington, by the Hudson’s Bay Company in the early nineteenth century
(C) Vancouver, Washington, was founded by the Hudson’s Bay Company in the early nineteenth century
(D) In the early nineteenth century with the founding of Vancouver, Washington, by the Hudson’s Bay Company

答案：C
测试点；主语一致。
分析：逗号前是名词性短语，为同位语，逗号后应是完整的句子。句首的同位语说明的是句子的主语，故主语应与city同义．答案中(C)是完整的句子，且以城市名为主语．(A)虽是句子，但主语是company，与同位语不一致；(B)(C)不是句子.
解题要点：这类含有同位语的考题，通常有冗长复杂的4个答案．简捷的方法是快速浏览各答案的第一个单词，寻找与同位语相同含义的词语，如此句中的Vancouver(温哥华)即是city.

6. --- raw materials into useful products is called manufacturing.
(A) Transform
(B) Transforming
(C) Being transformed
(D) When transforming

答案：B
测试点；主语／动名词。
分析：由单数系动词is可以推知materials不是主语，主语缺，而into又提示了此主语应具有动作性，故选(B)动名词transforming．动名词短语作主语要求其谓语为单数形式.

7. Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf ---of the telephone.
(A) than inventing
(B) than as the inventor
(C) the invention
(D) as the inventor

答案：B
测试点：would rather…than,．.
分析：结构．看到would rather，就应在答案中寻找以than开头的形式，即(A)(B)．这个结构要求相比较的两项结构相等，但重复的部分可省略．故would rather be remembered as…后，应为(be remembered)as…．即(B).

8. Because its leaves remain green long after being picked, rosemary --- associated with the idea of remembrance.
(A) and becomes
(B) became
(C) becoming
(D) to become

答案：B
测试点；被动语态／谓语。
分析：空格前为主语，所缺为动词。答案中只有(B)可作谓语动词。(A)多了and；(C)(D)是动词的非谓语形式.

9. --- that of iron construction, the technology for constructing buildings with reinforced concrete developed rather rapidly.
(A) Dissimilar
(B) Different
(C) Not likely
(D) Unlike

答案：D
测试点：介词.
分析：此句需要介词短语作状语，四个答案中只有(D)unlike是介词，正确用法．(A)应为Dissimilar to，(B)应为Different from (C)Not likely是形容词.

10. Although adult education in the United States began in colonial times, --- chief growth has taken place since the 1920’s.
(A) its
(B) so it
(C) but its
(D) it is

答案：A
测试点：代词.
分析：空格后为一完整句子，但作主语的名词gowth前既无冠词也无代词．(A)为代词，可修饰growth。(B)、(C)前有连词，均不可与句首的Although同时使用。(D)是主语+动词的结构，不可用于此处.

11. Hot objects emit --- do cold objects.
(A) rays more than infrared
(B)