Day them lop 9

WISH SENTENCES:
- Dùng để diễn tả những ước muốn, những điều không có thật ở hiện tại.
Hình thức:
S + WISH / WISHES + S + V2/V-ed (Past Subjunctive)
- Dùng để diễn tả những ước muốn, những điều không có thật ở lai.
Hình thức:
S + WISH / WISHES + S + WOULD + INF
Ghi chú:
“Past Subjunctive” được gọi là quá khứ bàng thái và được dùng như thì quá khứ đơn. Với động từ “To be” ta dùng “were” cho tất cả các chủ ngữ.
Ex: He wishes he were a doctor.
I wish I could speak English fluently.
Bài tập:
* Write sentences beginning with “I wish…”
I don’t have time to study. ……………………………………………………………………………
I can’t answer the questions. …………………………………………………………………………
My younger brothers play in the street all. …………………………………………………………
We are not living in London. …………………………………………………………………………
Nga is not here. …………………………….…………………………………………………………
They don’t stay in Da Lat. ……………………………………………………………………………
Mai doesn’t know many people in the town. ……………………………………………………………
I’m sorry I can’t go to the party. ………………………………………………………………………
Her work isn’t going well. ……………………………………………………………………………
They will leave France next week. ……………………………………………………………………
I’m sorry he gets up so late. ………………………………………………………………….
It’s a pity we don’t know where we are. …………………………………………………….
It’s a pity we haven’t a knife. ………………………………………………………………..
I’m sorry I don’t know where you are staying. ………………………………………………
Nga may make a lot of mistakes. …………………………………………………………….
My family has to move to Lang Son. ………………………………………………………..
I’m sorry I can’t help you. ……………………………………………………………………
The students keep talking all the time. ……………………………………………………….
The tickets are too expensive. ………………………………………………………………..
I’m sorry my friends are poor. ……………………………………………………………….
I speak English badly. ……………………………………………………………………….
He can’t swim as well as his friends. ………………………………………………………..
She has to work on Sunday every week. …………………………………………………….
They are afraid of ghosts and monsters. ……………………………………………………..
I don’t know much about him. ………………………………………………………………
We’d like to live in HCM city. ……………………………………………………………...
I am sorry. I am not well now. ………………………………………………………………
I don’t have time to help you do this work. …………………………………………………
I’d like Tom give up smoking. ………………………………………………………………
She doesn’t have a new dress for the New Year school’s Day. …………………………………………
C. BỊ ĐỘNG: (passive voice)
Qui tac chung:
S + BE + (BEING) + PAST PARTICIPLE + (BY OBJECTIVE)
Cách biến đổi chung: S + V + O

S + BE + P.P + (by O)
* CÁCH BIẾN ĐỔI CHO TỪNG THÌ:
Present simple tense: (thì hiện tại đơn)
S + V + O

S + is/am/are + P.P + (By O)
Ex: I see Nga at the bus stop every day.
Nga is seen at the bus stop (by me) every day.
Present progressive tense: (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
S + V + O

S + is/am/are +being + P.P + (By + O)
Ex: He is asking me a lot of questions.
I am being asked a lot of questions.
Simple past: (qúa khứ đơn)
S + V + O

S + Were / Was + P.P + (By O)
Ex: My mother wrote that letter.
That letter was written by my mother.
Past progressive: (quá khứ tiếp diễn)
S +V+ O

S + Were/Was +Being +P.P + (By O)
Ex: She was doing her homework at that time.
Her homework was being done at that time.
Present perfect: (hiện tại hoàn thành)
S + V + O

S + Have/has + Been + P.P + (By O)

Ex: She has given me some presents on my birthday.
I have been given some presents on my birthday.
Model verbs: (will/shall/can/must/have to/ …)
S + V + O

S + Modal verb + BE-inf + P.P + (By O)
Ex: My friend can answer the questions.
The questions can be answered by my friend.
Chú ý:
Các tân ngữ “me, you, him, her, them, us, people, someone, …” ta nên bỏ khỏi câu bị động nếu không muốn nêu rỏ tác nhân.
Ghi chú:
- Tân ngữ trong câu bị động ta phải đặt sau phó từ chỉ nơi chốn và trước phó từ chỉ thời gian.
- Sau các động từ khiếm khuyết thì động từ “To Be” luôn luôn nguyên mẫu.
Bài tập:
Turn into the passive